NQA实战：出口主备路由

实验拓扑

知识点及要求

知识点：NQA、主备路由、静态路由

AR1为出口路由器，AR2为互联网，VPC6模拟互联网地址

要求：AR1默认走G0/0/0，其余接口充当备份路径，当G0/0/0接口down掉，启用备份路径，且正常上网。

配置

配置思路

1. AR1配置主备路由，默认G0/0/0，G0/0/1接口优先级为50，G0/0/2优先级为20
2. 配置静态路由
3. AR1和AR2进行双向NQA检测

配置过程

AR1:

#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
 standby interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 50
 standby interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 20
 standby timer delay 10 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
#                                         
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 ip address 10.0.0.110 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 20.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
ip route-static 20.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 20.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

AR2：

#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                         
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
 ip address 20.0.0.110 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2 track nqa admin icmp0
ip route-static 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 track nqa admin icmp1
ip route-static 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 track nqa admin icmp2
#
nqa test-instance admin icmp0
 test-type icmp
 destination-address ipv4 192.168.0.2
 source-address ipv4 192.168.0.1
 frequency 15
 interval seconds 2
 timeout 1
 start now
nqa test-instance admin icmp1
 test-type icmp
 destination-address ipv4 192.168.1.2
 source-address ipv4 192.168.1.1
 frequency 15
 interval seconds 2                       
 timeout 1
 start now
nqa test-instance admin icmp2
 test-type icmp
 destination-address ipv4 192.168.2.2
 source-address ipv4 192.168.2.1
 frequency 15
 interval seconds 2
 timeout 1
 start now

验证配置

display standby state
display nqa results
display nqa history

总结

AR1最好再加上NQA检测，这里省略。

如果不使用NQA，那么当AR1接口down掉并启动备份端口，但是AR2无法检测到，还是会通过原来的端口发送数据包，就会导致无法通信。

standby适用于一台设备上多条链路连接对端设备，这时候设置静态路由简单且不会导致环路。