本文主要介绍了Appium+Python+pytest自动化测试框架的实战,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
先简单介绍一下目录,再贴一些代码,代码里有注释
Basic目录下写的是一些公共的方法,Data目录下写的是测试数据,image存的是测试失败截图,Log日志文件,Page测试的定位元素,report测试报告,Test测试用例,pytest.ini是pytest启动配置文件,requirements.txt需要安装的py模块,run.py运行文件
Basic/base.py
里面封装了 一些方法,元素的点击,输入,查找,还有一些自己需要的公共方法也封装在里面,如果你们有别的需要可以自己封装调用
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# coding=utf-8
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import random
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import allure
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import pymysql
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import time
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from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
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from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
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from Basic import Log
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import os
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log = Log.MyLog()
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class Base(object):
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def __init__(self, driver):
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self.driver = driver
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# 自定义一个元素查找方法
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def find_element(self, feature,timeout=5, poll=1.0):
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# feature = By.XPATH,"//*[@text='显示']"
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"""
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依据用户传入的元素信息特征,然后返回当前用户想要查找元素
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:param feature: 元组类型,包含用户希望的查找方式,及该方式对应的值
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:return: 返回当前用户查找的元素
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"""
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by = feature[0]
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value = feature[1]
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wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, poll)
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if by == By.XPATH:
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# print( "说明了用户想要使用 xpath 路径的方式来获取元素" )
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value = self.make_xpath(value)
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return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_element(by,value))
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def find_elements(self, feature):
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wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 5, 1)
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return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_elements(feature[0], feature[1]))
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def click_element(self, loc):
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'''
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封装点击操作函数
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'''
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self.find_element(loc).click()
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def input_text(self, loc, text):
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'''
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封装输入操作函数
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'''
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self.fm = self.find_element(loc)
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self.fm.clear() # 需要先清空输入框,防止有默认内容
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self.fm.send_keys(text)
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# 自定义了一个可以自动帮我们拼接 xpath 路径的工具函数
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def make_xpath(self, feature):
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start_path = "//*["
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end_path = "]"
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res_path = ""
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if isinstance(feature, str):
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# 如果是字符串 我们不能直接上来就拆我们可以判断一下它是否是默认正确的 xpath 写法
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if feature.startswith("//*["):
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return feature
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# 如果用户输入的是字符串,那么我们就拆成列表再次进行判断
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split_list = feature.split(",")
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if len(split_list) == 2:
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# //*[contains(@text,'设')]
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res_path = "%scontains(@%s,'%s')%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
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elif len(split_list) == 3:
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# //[@text='设置']
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res_path = "%s@%s='%s'%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
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else:
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print("请按规则使用")
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elif isinstance(feature, tuple):
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for item in feature:
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# 默认用户在元组当中定义的数据都是字符串
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split_list2 = item.split(',')
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if len(split_list2) == 2:
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res_path += "contains(@%s,'%s') and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
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elif len(split_list2) == 3:
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res_path += "@%s='%s' and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
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else:
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print("请按规则使用")
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andIndex = res_path.rfind(" and")
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res_path = res_path[0:andIndex]
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res_path = start_path + res_path + end_path
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else:
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print("请按规则使用")
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return res_path
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def assert_ele_in(self, text, element):
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'''
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封装断言操作函数
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'''
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try:
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assert text in self.find_element(element).text
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assert 0
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except Exception:
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assert 1
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def get_assert_text(self, element):
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ele = self.find_element(element, timeout=5, poll=0.1)
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return ele.text
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# 自定义一个获取 toast内容的方法
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def get_toast_content(self, message):
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tmp_feature = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'%s')]" % message
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ele = self.find_element(tmp_feature)
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return ele.text
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# 自定义一个工具函数,可以接收用户传递的部分 toast 信息,然后返回一个布尔值,来告诉
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# 用户,目标 toast 到底是否存在
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def is_toast_exist(self, mes):
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# 拿着用户传过来的 message 去判断一下包含该内容的 toast 到底是否存在。
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try:
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self.get_toast_content(mes)
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return True
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except Exception:
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# 如果目标 toast 不存在那么就说明我们的实际结果和预期结果不一样
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# 因此我们想要的是断言失败
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return False
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def get_mysql(self, table, value):
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'''连接数据库'''
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# 打开数据库连接
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db = pymysql.connect(host='', port=, db=, user='', passwd='', charset='utf8')
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# 使用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象 cursor
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cursor = db.cursor()
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try:
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# 使用 execute() 方法执行 SQL 查询
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cursor.execute(value)
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db.commit()
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except Exception as e:
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print(e)
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db.rollback()
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# 使用 fetchone() 方法获取单条数据.
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data = cursor.fetchone()
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# 关闭数据库连接
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db.close()
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return data
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def get_xpath(self, value):
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'''封装获取xpath方法'''
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text = By.XPATH, '//*[@text="%s"]' % value
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return text
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# 自定义一个获取当前设备尺寸的功能
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def get_device_size(self):
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x = self.driver.get_window_size()["width"]
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y = self.driver.get_window_size()["height"]
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return x, y
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# 自定义一个功能,可以实现向左滑屏操作。
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def swipe_left(self):
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start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.9
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start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
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end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.4
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end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
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self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y)
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# 自定义一个功能,可以实现向上滑屏操作。
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def swipe_up(self):
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start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
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start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/2
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end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
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end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/7
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self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, 500)
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# 切换到微信
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def switch_weixxin(self):
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self.driver.start_activity("com.tencent.mm", ".ui.LauncherUI")
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# 切换到医生端
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def switch_doctor(self):
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self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_doctor", ".MainActivity")
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# 切换到销售端
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def switch_sale(self):
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self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_sales", ".MainActivity")
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def switch_webview(self):
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# 切换到webview
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print(self.driver.contexts)
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time.sleep(5)
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self.driver.switch_to.context("WEBVIEW_com.tencent.mm:tools")
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print("切换成功")
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time.sleep(3)
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# 自定义根据坐标定位
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def taptest(self, a, b):
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# 设定系数,控件在当前手机的坐标位置除以当前手机的最大坐标就是相对的系数了
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# 获取当前手机屏幕大小X,Y
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X = self.driver.get_window_size()['width']
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Y = self.driver.get_window_size()['height']
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# 屏幕坐标乘以系数即为用户要点击位置的具体坐标
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self.driver.tap([(a * X, b * Y)])
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# 自定义截图函数
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def take_screenShot(self):
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'''
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测试失败截图,并把截图展示到allure报告中
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'''
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tm = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
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self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(
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os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" % tm)
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allure.attach.file(os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" %
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tm, attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)
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# 自定义随机生成11位手机号
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def create_phone(self):
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# 第二位数字
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second = [3, 4, 5, 7, 8][random.randint(0, 4)]
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# 第三位数字
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third = {
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3: random.randint(0, 9),
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4: [5, 7, 9][random.randint(0, 2)],
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5: [i for i in range(10) if i != 4][random.randint(0, 8)],
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7: [i for i in range(10) if i not in [4, 9]][random.randint(0, 7)],
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8: random.randint(0, 9),
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}[second]
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# 最后八位数字
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suffix = random.randint(9999999, 100000000)
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# 拼接手机号
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return "1{}{}{}".format(second, third, suffix)
Basic/deiver.py
APP启动的前置条件,一个是普通的app,一个是微信公众号,配置微信公众号自动化测试和一般的APP是有点区别的,微信需要切换webview才能定位到公众号
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from appium import webdriver
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def init_driver():
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desired_caps = {}
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# 手机 系统信息
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desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
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desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
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# 设备号
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desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'emulator-5554'
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# 包名
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desired_caps['appPackage'] = ''
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# 启动名
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desired_caps['appActivity'] = ''
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desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
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# 允许输入中文
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desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
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desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
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desired_caps['autoGrantPermissions'] = True
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desired_caps['noReset'] = False
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# 手机驱动对象
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driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
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return driver
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def driver_weixin():
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desired_caps = {}
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# 手机 系统信息
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desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
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desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
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# 设备号
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desired_caps['deviceName'] = ''
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# 包名
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desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.tencent.mm'
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# 启动名
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desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.ui.LauncherUI'
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# desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
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# 允许输入中文
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desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
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desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
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desired_caps['noReset'] = True
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# desired_caps["newCommandTimeout"] = 30
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# desired_caps['fullReset'] = 'false'
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# desired_caps['newCommandTimeout'] = 10
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# desired_caps['recreateChromeDriverSessions'] = True
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desired_caps['chromeOptions'] = {'androidProcess': 'com.tencent.mm:tools'}
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# 手机驱动对象
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driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
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return driver
Basic/get_data.py
这是获取测试数据的方法
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import os
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import yaml
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def getData(funcname, file):
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PATH = os.getcwd() + os.sep
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with open(PATH + 'Data/' + file + '.yaml', 'r', encoding="utf8") as f:
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data = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
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# 1 先将我们获取到的所有数据都存放在一个变量当中
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tmpdata = data[funcname]
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# 2 所以此时我们需要使用循环走进它的内心。
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res_arr = list()
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for value in tmpdata.values():
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tmp_arr = list()
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for j in value.values():
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tmp_arr.append(j)
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res_arr.append(tmp_arr)
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return res_arr
Basic/Log.py
日志文件,不多介绍
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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封装log方法
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"""
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import logging
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import os
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import time
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LEVELS = {
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'debug': logging.DEBUG,
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'info': logging.INFO,
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'warning': logging.WARNING,
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'error': logging.ERROR,
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'critical': logging.CRITICAL
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}
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logger = logging.getLogger()
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level = 'default'
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def create_file(filename):
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path = filename[0:filename.rfind('/')]
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if not os.path.isdir(path):
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os.makedirs(path)
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if not os.path.isfile(filename):
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fd = open(filename, mode='w', encoding='utf-8')
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fd.close()
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else:
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pass
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def set_handler(levels):
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if levels == 'error':
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logger.addHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
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logger.addHandler(MyLog.handler)
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def remove_handler(levels):
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if levels == 'error':
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logger.removeHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
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logger.removeHandler(MyLog.handler)
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def get_current_time():
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return time.strftime(MyLog.date, time.localtime(time.time()))
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class MyLog:
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path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
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log_file = path+'/Log/log.log'
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err_file = path+'/Log/err.log'
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logger.setLevel(LEVELS.get(level, logging.NOTSET))
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create_file(log_file)
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create_file(err_file)
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date = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
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handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, encoding='utf-8')
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err_handler = logging.FileHandler(err_file, encoding='utf-8')
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@staticmethod
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def debug(log_meg):
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set_handler('debug')
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logger.debug("[DEBUG " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
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remove_handler('debug')
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@staticmethod
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def info(log_meg):
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set_handler('info')
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logger.info("[INFO " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
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remove_handler('info')
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@staticmethod
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def warning(log_meg):
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set_handler('warning')
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logger.warning("[WARNING " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
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remove_handler('warning')
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@staticmethod
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def error(log_meg):
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set_handler('error')
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logger.error("[ERROR " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
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remove_handler('error')
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@staticmethod
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def critical(log_meg):
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set_handler('critical')
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logger.error("[CRITICAL " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
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remove_handler('critical')
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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MyLog.debug("This is debug message")
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MyLog.info("This is info message")
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MyLog.warning("This is warning message")
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MyLog.error("This is error")
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MyLog.critical("This is critical message"
Basic/Shell.py
执行shell语句方法
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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# @Time : 2018/8/1 下午2:54
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# @Author : WangJuan
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# @File : Shell.py
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"""
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封装执行shell语句方法
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"""
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import subprocess
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class Shell:
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@staticmethod
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def invoke(cmd):
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output, errors = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
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o = output.decode("utf-8")
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return o
Page/page.py
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class Page:
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def __init__(self, driver):
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self.driver = driver
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@property
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def initloginpage(self):
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return Login_Page(self.driver)
Test/test_login.py
登陆的测试用,我贴一条使用数据文件的用例
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class Test_login:
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@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", getData("test_login_error", 'data_error_login'))
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def test_error_login(self, args):
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"""错误登陆"""
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self.page.initloginpage.input_user(args[0])
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self.page.initloginpage.input_pwd(args[1])
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self.page.initloginpage.click_login()
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toast_status = self.page.initloginpage.is_toast_exist(args[2])
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if toast_status == False:
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self.page.initpatientpage.take_screenShot()
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assert False
pytest.ini
pytest配置文件,注释的是启动失败重试3次,因为appium会因为一些不可控的原因失败,所有正式运行脚本的时候需要加上这个
-
[pytest]
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;addopts = -s --html=report/report.html --reruns 3
-
addopts = -s --html=report/report.html
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testpaths = ./Test
-
python_files = test_*.py
-
python_classes = Test*
-
python_functions = test_add_prescription_list
-
requirements.txt
-
框架中需要的患教,直接pip install -r requirements.txt 安装就可以了,可能会失败,多试几次
-
```python
-
adbutils==0.3.4
-
allure-pytest==2.7.0
-
allure-python-commons==2.7.0
-
Appium-Python-Client==0.46
-
atomicwrites==1.3.0
-
attrs==19.1.0
-
certifi==2019.6.16
-
chardet==3.0.4
-
colorama==0.4.1
-
coverage==4.5.3
-
decorator==4.4.0
-
deprecation==2.0.6
-
docopt==0.6.2
-
enum34==1.1.6
-
facebook-wda==0.3.4
-
fire==0.1.3
-
humanize==0.5.1
-
idna==2.8
-
importlib-metadata==0.18
-
logzero==1.5.0
-
lxml==4.3.4
-
more-itertools==7.1.0
-
namedlist==1.7
-
packaging==19.0
-
Pillow==6.1.0
-
pluggy==0.12.0
-
progress==1.5
-
py==1.8.0
-
PyMySQL==0.9.3
-
pyparsing==2.4.0
-
pytest==5.0.0
-
pytest-cov==2.7.1
-
pytest-html==1.21.1
-
pytest-metadata==1.8.0
-
pytest-repeat==0.8.0
-
pytest-rerunfailures==7.0
-
PyYAML==5.1.1
-
requests==2.22.0
-
retry==0.9.2
-
selenium==3.141.0
-
six==1.12.0
-
tornado==6.0.3
-
uiautomator2==0.3.3
-
urllib3==1.25.3
-
wcwidth==0.1.7
-
weditor==0.2.3
-
whichcraft==0.6.0
-
zipp==0.5.1
到此这篇关于Appium+Python+pytest自动化测试框架的实战的文章就介绍到这了
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