server:
#服务端口
port: 8081
spring:
application:
name: circuitbreaker-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: path_route
uri: http://127.0.0.1:8082
predicates:
- Path=/hello/**
filters:
- name: CircuitBreaker
args:
name: myCircuitBreaker
- 启动类:
package com.bolingcavalry.circuitbreakergateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class CircuitbreakerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CircuitbreakerApplication.class,args);
}
}
- 配置类如下,这是断路器相关的参数配置:
package com.bolingcavalry.circuitbreakergateway.config;
import io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreakerConfig;
import io.github.resilience4j.timelimiter.TimeLimiterConfig;
import org.springframework.cloud.circuitbreaker.resilience4j.ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.circuitbreaker.resilience4j.Resilience4JConfigBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.time.Duration;
@Configuration
public class CustomizeCircuitBreakerConfig {
@Bean
public ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory defaultCustomizer() {
CircuitBreakerConfig circuitBreakerConfig = CircuitBreakerConfig.custom() //
.slidingWindowType(CircuitBreakerConfig.SlidingWindowType.TIME_BASED) // 滑动窗口的类型为时间窗口
.slidingWindowSize(10) // 时间窗口的大小为60秒
.minimumNumberOfCalls(5) // 在单位时间窗口内最少需要5次调用才能开始进行统计计算
.failureRateThreshold(50) // 在单位时间窗口内调用失败率达到50%后会启动断路器
.enableAutomaticTransitionFromOpenToHalfOpen() // 允许断路器自动由打开状态转换为半开状态
.permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState(5) // 在半开状态下允许进行正常调用的次数
.waitDurationInOpenState(Duration.ofSeconds(5)) // 断路器打开状态转换为半开状态需要等待60秒
.recordExceptions(Throwable.class) // 所有异常都当作失败来处理
.build();
ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory factory = new ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory();
factory.configureDefault(id -> new Resilience4JConfigBuilder(id)
.timeLimiterConfig(TimeLimiterConfig.custom().timeoutDuration(Duration.ofMillis(200)).build())
.circuitBreakerConfig(circuitBreakerConfig).build());
return factory;
}
}
-
上述代码有一次需要注意:timeLimiterConfig方法设置了超时时间,服务提供者如果超过200毫秒没有响应,Spring Cloud Gateway就会向调用者返回失败
-
开发完成了,接下来要考虑的是如何验证
单元测试类
- 为了验证Spring Cloud Gateway的断路器功能,咱们可以用Junit单元测试来精确控制请求参数和请求次数,测试类如下,可见测试类会连续发一百次请求,在前五十次中,请求参数始终在0和1之间切换,参数等于1的时候,接口会有500毫秒延时,超过了Spring Cloud Gateway的200毫秒超时限制,这时候就会返回失败,等失败多了,就会触发断路器的断开:
package com.bolingcavalry.circuitbreakergateway;
import io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreaker;
<