Pytest接口自动化测试实战演练

结合单元测试框架pytest+数据驱动模型+allure

目录

api： 存储测试接口

conftest.py :设置前置操作

             目前前置操作：1、获取token并传入headers，2、获取命令行参数给到环境变量,指定运行环境

commmon：存储封装的公共方法

         connect_mysql.py：连接数据库
         http_requests.py: 封装自己的请求方法
         logger.py: 封装输出日志文件
         read_yaml.py：读取yaml文件测试用例数据
         read_save_data.py：读取保存的数据文件

case: 存放所有的测试用例
      
data：存放测试需要的数据
      save_data: 存放接口返回数据、接口下载文件
      test_data: 存放测试用例依赖数据
      upload_data: 存放上传接口文件

logs: 存放输出的日志文件

report: 存放测试输出报告

getpathinfo.py :封装项目测试路径

pytest.int :配置文件

requirement.txt: 本地python包（pip install -r requirements.txt 安装项目中所有python包）

run_main.py: 项目运行文件

结构设计

1.每一个接口用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

2.将每个用例调用的接口封装在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

3.将测试数据存放在yml文件中通过parametrize进行参数化，实现数据驱动

4.通过allure生成测试报告

代码展示

api/api_service.py　#需要测试的一类接口

1. '''

2. Code description:服务相关接口

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

7. from common.http_requests import HttpRequests

10. class Api_Auth_Service(object):

12. def __init__(self):

13. self.headers = HttpRequests().headers

15. def api_home_service_list(self):

16. # 首页服务列表

17. # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"

18. url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService" # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

19. response = HttpRequests().get(url, headers=self.headers, verify=False)

20. # print(response.json())

21. return response

23. def get_service_id(self):

24. #获取银行卡三要素认证服务id

25. url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService"

26. #url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findAuthService" # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

27. response = HttpRequests().get(url,headers=self.headers)

28. #print(response.json()['data'][0]['service_list'][0]['id'])

29. service_id = response.json()['data'][0]['service_list'][1]['id']

30. return service_id

32. def api_service_info(self,serviceId='0b6cf45bec757afa7ee7209d30012ce1',developerId=''):

33. #服务详情

34. body = {

35. "serviceId" :serviceId,

36. "developerId":developerId

37. }

38. url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/findServiceDetail"

39. #url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/findServiceDetail"#读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

40. response = HttpRequests().get(url,headers=self.headers,params = body,verify=False)

41. #print(response.json())

42. return response

44. def api_add_or_update_service(self,api_param_req,api_param_res,description,error_code,icon,id,interface_remarks,

45. name,product_info,request_method,sample_code,sort,type,url):

46. #服务添加或者更新

47. body={

48. "api_param_req": api_param_req,

49. "api_param_res": api_param_res,

50. "description": description,

51. "error_code": error_code,

52. "icon": icon,

53. "id": id,

54. "interface_remarks": interface_remarks,

55. "name": name,

56. "product_info": product_info,

57. "request_method": request_method,

58. "sample_code": sample_code,

59. "sort": sort,

60. "type": type,

61. "url": url,

62. }

63. #url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/insertOrUpdateService"

64. url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/insertOrUpdateService" # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

65. response = HttpRequests().post(url,json=body,headers=self.headers,verify=False)

66. return response

68. def api_add_service_price(self,id,max_number,money,service_id,small_number):

69. #服务价格添加

70. body = {

71. "id": id,

72. "max_number": max_number,

73. "money": money,

74. "service_id": service_id,

75. "small_number": small_number

76. }

77. # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/insertServicePrice"

78. url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/insertServicePrice" # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

79. response = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body, headers=self.headers, verify=False)

80. return response

82. def api_apply_service(self,developer_id,service_id):

83. #申请服务

84. body ={

85. "developer_id": developer_id,

86. "service_id": service_id

87. }

88. # url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/auth_service/applyService"

89. url = os.environ["host"] + "/v1/auth/auth_service/applyService" # 读取conftest.py文件地址进行拼接

90. response = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body, headers=self.headers, verify=False)

91. return response

94. if __name__ == '__main__':

95. #Auth_Service().api_home_service_list()

96. Api_Auth_Service().get_service_id()

97. #Auth_Service().api_service_info()

 api/get_token.py#获取登录token

1. '''

2. Code description：获取token

3. Create time：2020-12-03

4. Developer：叶修

5. '''

6. import os

8. import urllib3

9. from common.http_requests import HttpRequests

12. class Get_Token(object):

14. def get_token(self,account='****',password='****'):

15. #url = "http://192.168.2.199:9092/v1/auth/developer/accountLogin"

16. url = os.environ["host"]+"/v1/auth/developer/accountLogin"

17. body = {

18. "account": account,

19. "password": password,

20. }

21. urllib3.disable_warnings()

22. r = HttpRequests().post(url, json=body,verify=False)

23. #print(r.json())

24. token = r.json()['data']['token']

25. params = {

26. "access_token": token

27. }

28. HttpRequests().params.update(params)#更新token到session

29. return token

31. if __name__ == '__main__':

32. print(Get_Token().get_token())

case/test_service_info.py #上面接口某一测试用例

1. '''

2. Code description: 服务详情

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import sys

7. import allure

8. import pytest

9. from common.logger import Log

10. from common.read_yaml import ReadYaml

11. from api.api_auth_service.api_auth_service import Api_Auth_Service

13. testdata = ReadYaml("auth_service.yml").get_yaml_data() # 读取数据

16. @allure.feature('服务详情')

17. class Test_Service_Info(object):

18. log = Log()

20. @pytest.mark.process

21. @pytest.mark.parametrize('serviceId,developerId,expect', testdata['service_info'],

22. ids=['服务详情'])

23. def test_service_info(self,serviceId,developerId,expect):

24. self.log.info('%s{%s}' % ((sys._getframe().f_code.co_name,'------服务详情接口-----')))

25. with allure.step('获取服务id'):

26. serviceId = Api_Auth_Service().get_service_id()

27. with allure.step('服务详情'):

28. msg = Api_Auth_Service().api_service_info(serviceId,developerId)

29. self.log.info('%s:%s' % ((sys._getframe().f_code.co_name, '获取请求结果：%s' % msg.json())))

30. # 断言

31. assert msg.json()["result_message"] == expect['result_message']

32. assert msg.json()['result_code'] == expect['result_code']

33. assert 'url' in msg.json()['data']

 conftest.py

1. '''

2. Code description:配置信息

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

7. import pytest

8. from api.get_token import Get_Token

9. from common.http_requests import HttpRequests

12. @pytest.fixture(scope="session")

13. def get_token():

14. '''前置操作获取token并传入headers'''

15. Get_Token().get_token()

16. if not HttpRequests().params.get("access_token", ""):#没有get到token，跳出用例

17. pytest.skip("未获取token跳过用例")

18. yield HttpRequests().req

19. HttpRequests().req.close()

21. def pytest_addoption(parser):

22. parser.addoption(

23. "--cmdhost", action="store", default="http://192.168.1.54:32099",

24. help="my option: type1 or type2"

25. )

26. @pytest.fixture(scope="session",autouse=True)

27. def host(request):

28. '''获取命令行参数'''

29. #获取命令行参数给到环境变量

30. #pytest --cmdhost 运行指定环境

31. os.environ["host"] = request.config.getoption("--cmdhost")

32. print("当前用例运行测试环境:%s" % os.environ["host"])

 common/connect_mysql.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 配置连接数据库

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import pymysql

8. dbinfo = {

9. "host":"******",

10. "user":"root",

11. "password":"******",

12. "port":31855

13. }

14. class DbConnect():

15. def __init__(self,db_conf,database=""):

16. self.db_conf = db_conf

17. #打开数据库

18. self.db = pymysql.connect(database = database,

19. cursorclass = pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,

20. **db_conf)

21. #使用cursor()方式获取操作游标

22. self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

24. def select(self,sql):

25. #sql查询

26. self.cursor.execute(sql)#执行sql

27. results = self.cursor.fetchall()

28. return results

30. def execute(self,sql):

31. #sql 删除 提示 修改

32. try:

33. self.cursor.execute(sql)#执行sql

34. self.db.commit()#提交修改

35. except:

36. #发生错误时回滚

37. self.db.rollback()

39. def close(self):

40. self.db.close()#关闭连接

42. def select_sql(select_sql):

43. '''查询数据库'''

44. db = DbConnect(dbinfo,database='auth_platform')

45. result = db.select(select_sql)

46. db.close()

47. return result

49. def execute_sql(sql):

50. '''执行SQL'''

51. db = DbConnect(dbinfo,database='auth_platform')

52. db.execute(sql)

53. db.close()

55. if __name__ == '__main__':

56. sql = "SELECT * FROM auth_platform.auth_service where name='四要素认证'"

57. sel = select_sql(sql)[0]['name']

58. print(sel)

 common/http_requests.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 封装自己的请求类型

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

7. import requests

10. # 定义一个HttpRequests的类

11. class HttpRequests(object):

13. req = requests.session()#定义session会话

14. # 定义公共请求头

15. headers = {

16. 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.125 Safari/537.36',

17. 'cookie':''

18. }

19. params = {

20. 'access_token':''

21. }

22. # 封装自己的get请求,获取资源

23. def get(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,stream=None,verify=None):

24. response = self.req.get(url,params=params,data=data,headers=headers,cookies=cookies,stream=stream,verify=verify)

25. return response

27. # 封装自己的post方法，创建资源

28. def post(self, url='', params='',data='', json='', headers=None, cookies=None,stream=None,verify=None):

29. response = self.req.post(url,params=params,data=data,json=json,headers=headers,cookies=cookies,stream=stream,verify=verify)

30. return response

32. # 封装自己的put方法，更新资源

33. def put(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,verify=None):

34. response = self.req.put(url, params=params, data=data, headers=headers, cookies=cookies,verify=verify)

35. return response

37. # 封装自己的delete方法，删除资源

38. def delete(self, url='', params='', data='', headers=None, cookies=None,verify=None):

39. response = self.req.delete(url, params=params, data=data, headers=headers, cookies=cookies,verify=verify)

40. return response

 common/logger.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 封装输出日志文件

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import logging,time

7. import os

8. import getpathinfo

10. path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径

11. log_path = os.path.join(path,'logs')# log_path是存放日志的路径

12. # 如果不存在这个logs文件夹，就自动创建一个

13. if not os.path.exists(log_path):os.mkdir(log_path)

15. class Log():

16. def __init__(self):

17. #文件的命名

18. self.logname = os.path.join(log_path,'%s.log'%time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d'))

19. self.logger = logging.getLogger()

20. self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

21. #日志输出格式

22. self.formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

24. def __console(self,level,message):

25. #创建一个fileHander，用于写入本地

26. fh = logging.FileHandler(self.logname,'a',encoding='utf-8')

27. fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

28. fh.setFormatter(self.formatter)

29. self.logger.addHandler(fh)

31. #创建一个StreamHandler,用于输入到控制台

32. ch = logging.StreamHandler()

33. ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

34. ch.setFormatter(self.formatter)

35. self.logger.addHandler(ch)

37. if level == 'info':

38. self.logger.info(message)

39. elif level == 'debug':

40. self.logger.debug(message)

41. elif level == 'warning':

42. self.logger.warning(message)

43. elif level == 'error':

44. self.logger.error(message)

45. #避免日志重复

46. self.logger.removeHandler(fh)

47. self.logger.removeHandler(ch)

48. #关闭打开文件

49. fh.close()

51. def debug(self,message):

52. self.__console('debug',message)

54. def info(self,message):

55. self.__console('info',message)

57. def warning(self,message):

58. self.__console('warning',message)

60. def error(self,message):

61. self.__console('error',message)

63. if __name__ == '__main__':

64. log = Log()

65. log.info('测试')

66. log.debug('测试')

67. log.warning('测试')

68. log.error('测试')

 common/read_save_data.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 读取保存数据

3. Create time: 2020/12/8

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

7. import yaml

8. import getpathinfo

9. class Read_Save_Date():

10. def __init__(self):

11. path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径

12. self.head_img_path = os.path.join(path,'data','save_data')+"/"+'head_img_path.txt'# head_img_path文件地址

13. self.order_id_path = os.path.join(path, 'data', 'save_data') + "/" + 'order_id.txt' # order_id.txt文件地址

15. def get_head_img_path(self):

16. # 获取head_img_path

17. with open(self.head_img_path, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:

18. return f.read()

20. def get_order_id(self):

21. # 获取order_id

22. with open(self.order_id_path, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:

23. return f.read()

25. if __name__ == '__main__':

26. print(Read_Save_Date().get_head_img_path())

27. print(Read_Save_Date().get_order_id())

 common/read_yaml.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 读取yml文件测试数据

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

7. import yaml

8. import getpathinfo

9. class ReadYaml():

10. def __init__(self,filename):

11. path = getpathinfo.get_path()#获取本地路径

12. self.filepath = os.path.join(path,'data','test_data')+"/"+filename#拼接定位到data文件夹

14. def get_yaml_data(self):

15. with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:

16. # 调用load方法加载文件流

17. return yaml.load(f,Loader=yaml.FullLoader)

19. if __name__ == '__main__':

20. data = ReadYaml("auth_service.yml").get_yaml_data()['add_or_update_service']

21. print(data)

data/

 data/test_data/auth_service.yml

1. home_service_list:

2. - [{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

3. service_info:

4. - ['','',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

5. add_or_update_service:

6. - [['1','1','1','1','1','123456','1','测试','1','1','1','1','1','1'],{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

7. add_service_price:

8. - ['123456789','10','0','','0',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

9. apply_service:

10. - ['','',{'result_code': '0', 'result_message': '处理成功'}]

 logs/

 report/

 getpathinfo.py

1. '''

2. Code description:配置文件路径

3. Create time: 2020/12/3

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

8. def get_path():

9. # 获取当前路径

10. curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

11. return curpath

13. if __name__ == '__main__':# 执行该文件，测试下是否OK

14. print('测试路径是否OK,路径为：', get_path())

pytest.ini

1. #pytest.ini

2. [pytest]

3. markers = process

4. addopts = -p no:warnings

5. #addopts = -v --reruns 1 --html=./report/report.html --self-contained-html

6. #addopts = -v --reruns 1 --alluredir ./report/allure_raw

7. #addopts = -v -s -p no:warnings --reruns 1 --pytest_report ./report/Pytest_Report.html

requirements.txt

1. allure-pytest==2.8.18

2. allure-python-commons==2.8.18

3. BeautifulReport==0.1.3

4. beautifulsoup4==4.9.3

5. ddt==1.4.1

6. Faker==4.18.0

7. Flask==1.1.1

8. httpie==1.0.3

9. httplib2==0.9.2

10. HttpRunner==1.5.8

11. py==1.9.0

12. PyMySQL==0.10.1

13. pytest==6.1.1

14. pytest-base-url==1.4.2

15. pytest-cov==2.10.1

16. pytest-forked==1.3.0

17. pytest-html==2.1.1

18. pytest-instafail==0.4.2

19. pytest-metadata==1.10.0

20. pytest-mock==3.3.1

21. pywin32==228

22. PyYAML==5.3.1

23. requests==2.22.0

24. requests-oauthlib==1.3.0

25. requests-toolbelt==0.9.1

run_main.py

1. '''

2. Code description: 运行主流程测试用例

3. Create time: 2020/11/5

4. Developer: 叶修

5. '''

6. import os

7. import pytest

8. if __name__ == '__main__':

9. pytest.main(['-m','process', '-s','--alluredir', 'report/tmp'])#-m运行mark标记文件

10. os.system('allure generate report/tmp -o report/html --clean') # /report/tmp 为存放报告的源文件目录

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