静态路由实验

一、实验拓扑

 二、实验需求

1.根据配置路由（如图）使全网通

2.R1-R4上不可以直接编辑5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但是也可以访问

3.R4和R5之间，正常时候1000m链路通信，故障时自动100m通信

三、实验思路

除去R5环回地址固定以外，其他所有网段基于192.168.1.0/24网段进行合理的ip地址划分

四、实验步骤

R1-R4每个路由都有两个环回口，环回口可以模拟连接pc端；地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网络范围内；
6个骨干链路＋8个环回接口＝14网段
子网划分：192.168.1.0/24划分成16个网段，用14个，两个保留；
192.168.1.00000000
R1-R2:192.168.1.00000000/30    192.168.1.0/30
R2-R4:192.168.1.00001000/30    192.168.1.8/30

R1-R3:192.168.1.00000100/30    192.168.1.4/30

R3-R4:192.168.1.00001100/30     192.168.1.14/30

R1环回：
192.168.1.00100001 192.168.1.33/28
192.168.1.00100010 192.168.1.34/28          R1手工汇总：192.168.1.32/27

R2环回：
192.168.1.01000001 192.168.1.65/28
192.168.1.01000010 192.168.1.66/28          R2手工汇总 192.168.1.64/27

R3环回：
192.168.1.01100001 192.168.1.97/28
192.168.1.0110010 192.168.1.98/28             R3手工汇总：192.168.1.96/27

R4环回
192.168.1.10000001 192.168.1.129/28
192.168.1.10000010 192.168.1.130/28         R4手工汇总：192.168.1.128/27

R5环回：                                                                                                                            192.168.1.00010010 192.168.1.18/30                                                                          192.168.1.00010110 192.168.1.22/30            R5手工汇总:5.5.5.1/24

1、配置IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[R1]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
[R2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.6 30 
[R3]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R4]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
[R5]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

配置完成后，进行检验

2、配置路由，除5.5.5.0/24外，实现其他网段可达
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9  
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17   
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.

3.测试

 4.配置缺省路由，实现5.5.5.0/24互通
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

 5.防环，做黑洞路由配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.12827 NULL 0

6.做备份
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61

完成以后再修改优先级，即将最后目标为192.168.1.21的preference改为preference61（只要比60大就行）

7.测试