syscall的检测与绕过（下）

syscall的检测与绕过

ntdll中syscall被执行的格式大致

我们可以通过检测mov r10, rcx类似的代码来确定程序是否直接进行系统调用。

但是很容易被bypass

而且还可以写出很多不一样的写法，显然这个方式是不行的。很轻易就会被bypass。

当然也可以检测syscall指令，但是这个指令可以同int 2e中断门进0环的方式绕过，也可以加一个int 2e的规则。

objdump --disassemble -M intel "D:\C++ Project\bypass\syscall\x64\Release\syscall.exe" | findstr "syscall"

syscall也可以不直接写写死在文件种，比如先用垃圾指令写死在文件中，然后在运行的时候对这些垃圾指令进行修改重新为syscall，达到静态绕过的效果。

这也正是SysWhispers3为了规避检测做的升级之一，称为EGG的手段。

可以像这样编写ntapi

这个w00tw00t就是一个垃圾指令，我们将在执行的过程中重新替换为syscall

更改指令代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <psapi.h>

#define DEBUG 0

HMODULE GetMainModule(HANDLE);
BOOL GetMainModuleInformation(PULONG64, PULONG64);
void FindAndReplace(unsigned char[], unsigned char[]);

HMODULE GetMainModule(HANDLE hProcess)
{
    HMODULE mainModule = NULL;
    HMODULE* lphModule;
    LPBYTE lphModuleBytes;
    DWORD lpcbNeeded;

    // First call needed to know the space (bytes) required to store the modules' handles
    BOOL success = EnumProcessModules(hProcess, NULL, 0, &lpcbNeeded);

    // We already know that lpcbNeeded is always > 0
    if (!success || lpcbNeeded == 0)
    {
        printf("[-] Error enumerating process modules\n");
        // At this point, we already know we won't be able to dyncamically
        // place the syscall instruction, so we can exit
        exit(1);
    }
    // Once we got the number of bytes required to store all the handles for
    // the process' modules, we can allocate space for them
    lphModuleBytes = (LPBYTE)LocalAlloc(LPTR, lpcbNeeded);

    if (lphModuleBytes == NULL)
    {
        printf("[-] Error allocating memory to store process modules handles\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    unsigned int moduleCount;

    moduleCount = lpcbNeeded / sizeof(HMODULE);
    lphModule = (HMODULE*)lphModuleBytes;

    success = EnumProcessModules(hProcess, lphModule, lpcbNeeded, &lpcbNeeded);

    if (!success)
    {
        printf("[-] Error enumerating process modules\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    // Finally storing the main module
    mainModule = lphModule[0];

    // Avoid memory leak
    LocalFree(lphModuleBytes);

    // Return main module
    return mainModule;
}

BOOL GetMainModuleInformation(PULONG64 startAddress, PULONG64 length)
{
    HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
    HMODULE hModule = GetMainModule(hProcess);
    MODULEINFO mi;

    GetModuleInformation(hProcess, hModule, &mi, sizeof(mi));

    printf("Base Address: 0x%llu\n", (ULONG64)mi.lpBaseOfDll);
    printf("Image Size:   %u\n", (ULONG)mi.SizeOfImage);
    printf("Entry Point:  0x%llu\n", (ULONG64)mi.EntryPoint);
    printf("\n");

    *startAddress = (ULONG64)mi.lpBaseOfDll;
    *length = (ULONG64)mi.SizeOfImage;

    DWORD oldProtect;
    VirtualProtect(mi.lpBaseOfDll, mi.SizeOfImage, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldProtect);

    return 0;
}

void FindAndReplace(unsigned char egg[], unsigned char replace[])
{

    ULONG64 startAddress = 0;
    ULONG64 size = 0;

    GetMainModuleInformation(&startAddress, &size);

    if (size <= 0) {
        printf("[-] Error detecting main module size");
        exit(1);
    }

    ULONG64 currentOffset = 0;

    unsigned char* current = (unsigned char*)malloc(8*sizeof(unsigned char*));
    size_t nBytesRead;

    printf("Starting search from: 0x%llu\n", (ULONG64)startAddress + currentOffset);

    while (currentOffset < size - 8)
    {
        currentOffset++;
        LPVOID currentAddress = (LPVOID)(startAddress + currentOffset);
        if(DEBUG > 0){
            printf("Searching at 0x%llu\n", (ULONG64)currentAddress);
        }
        if (!ReadProcessMemory((HANDLE)((int)-1), currentAddress, current, 8, &nBytesRead)) {
            printf("[-] Error reading from memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        if (nBytesRead != 8) {
            printf("[-] Error reading from memory\n");
            continue;
        }

        if(DEBUG > 0){
            for (int i = 0; i < nBytesRead; i++){
                printf("%02x ", current[i]);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }

        if (memcmp(egg, current, 8) == 0)
        {
            printf("Found at %llu\n", (ULONG64)currentAddress);
            WriteProcessMemory((HANDLE)((int)-1), currentAddress, replace, 8, &nBytesRead);
        }

    }
    printf("Ended search at:   0x%llu\n", (ULONG64)startAddress + currentOffset);
    free(current);
}

在inceptor中可以直接调用函数达到替换syscall的作用

int main(int argc, char** argv) {

    unsigned char egg[] = { 0x77, 0x00, 0x00, 0x74, 0x77, 0x00, 0x00, 0x74 }; // w00tw00t
    unsigned char replace[] = { 0x0f, 0x05, 0x90, 0x90, 0xC3, 0x90, 0xCC, 0xCC }; // syscall; nop; nop; ret; nop; int3; int3

    //####SELF_TAMPERING####
    (egg, replace);

    Inject();
    return 0;
}

但是这样依然很容易被检测，原因是有了更加准确的检测方式。

那就是通过栈回溯。

当你正常的程序使用系统调用的时候。

此时你的流程是主程序模块->kernel32.dll->ntdll.dll->syscall，这样当0环执行结束返回3环的时候，这个返回地址应该是在ntdll所在的地址范围之内。

那么如果是你自己直接进行系统调用。

此时当ring0返回的时候，rip将会是你的主程序模块内，而并不是在ntdll所在的范围内，这点是很容易被检测也是比较准确的一种检测方式。