3.18 day6 C++

以下是一个简单的比喻，将多态概念与生活中的实际情况相联系:
比喻:动物园的讲解员和动物表演
想象一下你去了一家动物园，看到了许多不同种类的动物，如狮子、大象、猴子等。现在，动物园里有一位进解员，他会为每种动
物表演做简单的介绍。
在这个场景中，我们可以将动物比作是不同的类，而每种动物表演则是类中的函数。而讲解员则是一个基类，他可以根据每种动物
的特点和表演，进行相应的介绍。
具体过程如下:
定义一个基类Animal，其中有一个虚函数perform (，用于在子类中实现不同的表演行为。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
class Zoo
{
public:
    Zoo()
    {cout << "Zoo::无参构造" << endl;}
    virtual ~Zoo()
    {cout << "Zoo::虚析构" << endl;}
    virtual void show()=0;
};
class Monkey:public Zoo
{
private:
    string name;
    string sex;
    int age;
public:
    Monkey() {cout << "Monkey::无参构造" << endl;}
    Monkey(string name,string sex,int age):name(name),sex(sex),age(age)
    {cout << "Monket::有参构造" << endl;}
    ~Monkey()
    {cout << "Monkety::析构" << endl;}
    void show()
    {
        cout << name << endl;
        cout << sex << endl;
        cout << age << endl;
        cout << "这只猴子正在吃香蕉" << endl;
    }
};
class Panda:public Zoo
{
private:
    string name;
    string sex;
    int age;
public:
    Panda() {cout << "Panda::无参构造" << endl;}
    Panda(string name,string sex,int age):name(name),sex(sex),age(age)
    {cout << "Monket::有参构造" << endl;}
    ~Panda()
    {cout << "Panda::析构" << endl;}
    void show()
    {
        cout << name << endl;
        cout << sex << endl;
        cout << age << endl;
        cout << "这只熊猫正在吃竹子" << endl;
    }
};
int main()
{
    Zoo *z;
    Monkey m("吉吉国王","雄性",12);
    z=&m;
    z->show();
    Panda p("阿宝","雄性",12);
    z=&p;
    z->show();
    return 0;
}

封装
个动物的基类
类中有私有成员:姓名，颜色，指针成员年纪
再封装一个狗这样类，共有继承于动物类，自己拓展的私有成员有:指针成员:腿的个数(整型 int count)，共有成员函数:会
叫: void speak()
要求:分别完成基类和派生类中的:构造函数、析构函数、拷贝构造函数、拷贝赋值函数
eg
Dog d1;
Dog d2(....);
Dog d3(d2);
d1 = d3

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
class Zoo
{
private:
    string name;
    string color;
    int *age;
public:
    Zoo()
    {
        cout << "Zoo::无参构造" << endl;
    }
    Zoo(string name,string color,int age):name(name),color(color),age(new int(age))
    {
        cout << "Zoo::有参构造" << endl;
    }
    Zoo(const Zoo &other):name(other.name),color(other.color),age(new int(*other.age))
    {
        cout << "Zoo::拷贝构造" << endl;
    }
    Zoo & operator=(const Zoo &other)
    {
        cout << "Zoo::拷贝赋值" << endl;
        if(this != &other)
        {
            name=other.name;
            color=other.color;
            age=new int(*other.age);
        }
        return *this;
    }
    ~Zoo()
    {
        cout << "Zoo::析构" << endl;
        delete age;
    }
};
class Dog:public Zoo
{
private:
    int *foot;
public:
    Dog()
    {
        cout << "Dog::无参构造" << endl;
    }
    Dog(int foot,string name,string color,int age):Zoo(name,color,age),foot(new int(foot))
    {
        cout << "Dog::有参构造" << endl;
    }
    Dog(const Dog &other):Zoo(other),foot(new int(*other.foot))
    {
        cout << "Dog::拷贝构造" << endl;
    }
    Dog & operator=(const Dog &other)
    {
        if(this != &other)
        {
            Zoo::operator=(other);
            foot=new int(*other.foot);
        }
        return *this;
    }
    ~Dog()
    {
        cout << "Dog::析构" << endl;
        delete foot;
    }
    void speak()
    {
        cout << "汪汪汪汪汪汪汪" << endl;
    }

};
int main()
{
    Dog d1;
    Dog d2(4,"旺财","黄",5);
    Dog d3(d2);
    d1=d3;
    d2.speak();
    return 0;
}