数据结构-多项式加

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-18 13:20:33 发布

佐料包o

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-18 13:20:33 发布

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文章标签：数据结构算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_81036484/article/details/138197738

版权

本文介绍了一个C语言程序，使用链表结构表示多项式，并实现了两个多项式的加法操作。通过比较系数和指数，处理了不同情况下的合并策略。示例展示了如何初始化链表、添加元素以及合并两个多项式的结果。

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运行代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

typedef struct LinkNode{
    int coefficient;
    int exponent;
    struct LinkNode *next;
} *LinkList, *NodePtr;

LinkList initLinkList(){
    LinkList tempHeader = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
    tempHeader->coefficient = 0;
    tempHeader->exponent = 0;
    tempHeader->next = NULL;
    return tempHeader;
}

void printList(LinkList paraHeader){
    NodePtr p = paraHeader->next;
    while (p != NULL) {
        printf("%d * x^%d + ", p->coefficient, p->exponent);
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("\r\n");
}

void printNode(NodePtr paraPtr, char paraChar){
    if (paraPtr == NULL) {
        printf("NULL\r\n");
    }else{
        printf("The element of %c is (%d * x^%d)\r\n", paraChar, paraPtr->coefficient, paraPtr->exponent);
    }
}

void appendElement(LinkList paraHeader, int paraCoefficient, int paraExponent){
    NodePtr p, q;
    
    q = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
    q->coefficient = paraCoefficient;
    q->exponent = paraExponent;
    q->next = NULL;
    
    p = paraHeader;
    while (p->next != NULL) {
        p = p->next;
    }
    
    p->next = q;
}

void add(NodePtr paraList1, NodePtr paraList2){
    NodePtr p, q, r, s;
    
    p = paraList1->next;
    printNode(p, 'p');
    q = paraList2->next;
    printNode(q, 'q');
    r = paraList1;
    printNode(r, 'r');
    free(paraList2);
    
    while ((p != NULL) && (q != NULL)) {
        if (p->exponent < q->exponent) {
            printf("case 1\r\n");
            r->next = p;
            r = p;
            printNode(r, 'r');
            p = p->next;
            printNode(p, 'p');
        } else if ((p->exponent > q->exponent)) {
            
            printf("case 2\r\n");
            r->next = q;
            r = q;
            printNode(r, 'r');
            q = q->next;
            printNode(q, 'q');
        } else {
            printf("case 3\r\n");
            
            p->coefficient = p->coefficient + q->coefficient;
            printf("The coefficient is: %d.\r\n", p->coefficient);
            if (p->coefficient == 0) {
                printf("case 3.1\r\n");
                s = p;
                p = p->next;
                printNode(p, 'p');
                free(s);
            } else {
                printf("case 3.2\r\n");
                r = p;
                printNode(r, 'r');
                p = p->next;
                printNode(p, 'p');
            }
            s = q;
            q = q->next;
            
            free(s);
        }
        
        printf("p = %p, q = %p\r\n", p, q);
    }
    printf("End of while.\r\n");
    
    if(p == NULL) {
        r->next = q;
    } else {
        r->next = p;
    }
    printf("Addition ends.\r\n");
}

void additionTest1(){
    
    LinkList tempList1 = initLinkList();
    appendElement(tempList1, 7, 0);
    appendElement(tempList1, 3, 1);
    appendElement(tempList1, 9, 8);
    appendElement(tempList1, 5, 17);
    printList(tempList1);
    
    LinkList tempList2 = initLinkList();
    appendElement(tempList2, 8, 1);
    appendElement(tempList2, 22, 7);
    appendElement(tempList2, -9, 8);
    printList(tempList2);
    
    add(tempList1, tempList2);
    printf("The result is: ");
    printList(tempList1);
    printf("\r\n");
}

void additionTest2(){
    
    LinkList tempList1 = initLinkList();
    appendElement(tempList1, 7, 0);
    appendElement(tempList1, 3, 1);
    appendElement(tempList1, 9, 8);
    appendElement(tempList1, 5, 17);
    printList(tempList1);
    
    LinkList tempList2 = initLinkList();
    appendElement(tempList2, 8, 1);
    appendElement(tempList2, 22, 7);
    appendElement(tempList2, -9, 10);
    printList(tempList2);
    
    add(tempList1, tempList2);
    printf("The result is: ");
    printList(tempList1);
    printf("\r\n");
}

int main(){
    additionTest1();
    additionTest2();
    printf("Finish.\r\n");
    return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

7 * x^0 + 3 * x^1 + 9 * x^8 + 5 * x^17 + 
8 * x^1 + 22 * x^7 + -9 * x^8 + 
The element of p is (7 * x^0)
The element of q is (8 * x^1)
The element of r is (0 * x^0)
case 1
The element of r is (7 * x^0)
The element of p is (3 * x^1)
p = 0x562cb21e22e0, q = 0x562cb21e2770
case 3
The coefficient is: 11.
case 3.2
The element of r is (11 * x^1)
The element of p is (9 * x^8)
p = 0x562cb21e2300, q = 0x562cb21e2790
case 2
The element of r is (22 * x^7)
The element of q is (-9 * x^8)
p = 0x562cb21e2300, q = 0x562cb21e27b0
case 3
The coefficient is: 0.
case 3.1
The element of p is (5 * x^17)
p = 0x562cb21e2320, q = (nil)
End of while.
Addition ends.
The result is: 7 * x^0 + 11 * x^1 + 22 * x^7 + 5 * x^17 + 

7 * x^0 + 3 * x^1 + 9 * x^8 + 5 * x^17 + 
8 * x^1 + 22 * x^7 + -9 * x^10 + 
The element of p is (7 * x^0)
The element of q is (8 * x^1)
The element of r is (0 * x^0)
case 1
The element of r is (7 * x^0)
The element of p is (3 * x^1)
p = 0x562cb21e2770, q = 0x562cb21e2810
case 3
The coefficient is: 11.
case 3.2
The element of r is (11 * x^1)
The element of p is (9 * x^8)
p = 0x562cb21e2750, q = 0x562cb21e2830
case 2
The element of r is (22 * x^7)
The element of q is (-9 * x^10)
p = 0x562cb21e2750, q = 0x562cb21e2850
case 1
The element of r is (9 * x^8)
The element of p is (5 * x^17)
p = 0x562cb21e27d0, q = 0x562cb21e2850
case 2
The element of r is (-9 * x^10)
NULL
p = 0x562cb21e27d0, q = (nil)
End of while.
Addition ends.
The result is: 7 * x^0 + 11 * x^1 + 22 * x^7 + 9 * x^8 + -9 * x^10 + 5 * x^17 + 

Finish.


...Program finished with exit code 0
Press ENTER to exit console.