MQTT的安装以及后端接收和发送

一.MQTT服务器的安装

1.安装依赖

yum install gcc-c++ cmake openssl-devel libuuid-devel c-ares-devel uuid-devel libwebsockets-devel.x86_64 libwebsockets.x86_64 -y

2.官网下载mosquitto

Eclipse Mosquitto
或者使用命令
wget --no-check-certificate https://mosquitto.org/files/source/mosquitto-1.6.8.tar.gz

3.解压 编译 安装

tar -zxvf mosquitto-1.6.8.tar.gz
cd mosquitto-1.6.8
make
make install

4.创建配置文件

cp /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf.example /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
vim /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

配置文件中默认使用user mosquitto。 如果不想创建此用户，可以修改成root

5.启动、查看、关闭程序

运行程序

mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -d

ps查看

ps -aux | grep mosquitto

关闭程序

kill -9 $(pidof mosquitto)

6.设置用户名密码

mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.conf user

7.再次编辑配置文件

vim /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
修改以下内容：

646 # Defaults to true if no other security options are set. If password_file or
647 # psk_file is set, or if an authentication plugin is loaded which implements
648 # username/password or TLS-PSK checks, then allow_anonymous defaults to
649 # false.
650 #
651 #allow_anonymous true
652 allow_anonymous ture
......
666 # See the TLS client require_certificate and use_identity_as_username options
667 # for alternative authentication options. If an auth_plugin is used as well as
668 # password_file, the auth_plugin check will be made first.
669 #password_file
670 password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.conf

8.使用命令发送和接受

1.打开订阅者
无密码
mosquitto_sub -t test1
有密码
mosquitto_sub -u ycgl -P ycglmosquitto123 -t test1

2.打开发布者
无密码
mosquitto_pub -t test1 -m "发布内容"
有密码
mosquitto_pub -u ycgl -P ycglmosquitto123 -t test1 -m "发布内容"

二.MQTT后端的使用

1.发布者测试用例

@Test
public void test() {
    try {
        String broker = "tcp://localhost:1883";
        String clientId = MqttClient.generateClientId();
        IMqttClient mqttClient = new MqttClient(broker, clientId);

        MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();
        connOpts.setCleanSession(true);

        mqttClient.connect(connOpts);

        // 模拟要发送的消息内容
        String messageContent = "消息测试";
        MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(messageContent.getBytes());
        message.setQos(0); // 设置 QoS 等级

        // 发布消息到指定主题
        mqttClient.publish("test", message);

        mqttClient.disconnect();

    } catch (MqttException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

2.订阅者测试用例

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String broker = "tcp://localhost:1883";
String clientId = MqttClient.generateClientId();
IMqttClient mqttClient = new MqttClient(broker, clientId);

        mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
            @Override
            public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
                System.out.println("Connection lost!");
            }

            @Override
            public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("Received message: " + new String(message.getPayload()) 
                                   + " on topic " + topic);
            }

            @Override
            public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
                // Not used in this example
            }
        });

        MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();
        connOpts.setCleanSession(true);

        mqttClient.connect(connOpts);
        mqttClient.subscribe("test", 0);

    } catch (MqttException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}