代码随想录算法训练营17期day08-python

一、反转字符串

class Solution:
    def reverseString(self, s: List[str]) -> None:
        """
        Do not return anything, modify s in-place instead.
        """
        left, right = 0, len(s) - 1
        
        # 该方法已经不需要判断奇偶数，经测试后时间空间复杂度比用 for i in range(len(s)//2)更低
        # 因为while每次循环需要进行条件判断，而range函数不需要，直接生成数字，因此时间复杂度更低。推荐使用range
        while left < right:
            s[left], s[right] = s[right], s[left]
            left += 1
            right -= 1

二，反转字符串II

class Solution:
    def reverseStr(self, s: str, k: int) -> str:
        # Two pointers. Another is inside the loop.
        p = 0
        while p < len(s):
            p2 = p + k
            # Written in this could be more pythonic.
            s = s[:p] + s[p: p2][::-1] + s[p2:]
            p = p + 2 * k
        return s

 三、替换空格

class Solution:
    def replaceSpace(self, s: str) -> str:
        counter = s.count(' ')
        
        res = list(s)
        # 每碰到一个空格就多拓展两个格子，1 + 2 = 3个位置存’%20‘
        res.extend([' '] * counter * 2)
        
        # 原始字符串的末尾，拓展后的末尾
        left, right = len(s) - 1, len(res) - 1
        
        while left >= 0:
            if res[left] != ' ':
                res[right] = res[left]
                right -= 1
            else:
                # [right - 2, right), 左闭右开
                res[right - 2: right + 1] = '%20'
                right -= 3
            left -= 1
        return ''.join(res)

四、反转字符串中的单词

class Solution:
    def reverseWords(self, s: str) -> str:
        # 将字符串拆分为单词，即转换成列表类型
        words = s.split()

        # 反转单词
        left, right = 0, len(words) - 1
        while left < right:
            words[left], words[right] = words[right], words[left]
            left += 1
            right -= 1

        # 将列表转换成字符串
        return " ".join(words)

五、左旋转字符串

1.最简单的做法：利用字符串切片

class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s: str, n: int) -> str:
        return s[n:] + s[:n]

2.利用列表的弹出和加入，此方法空间和时间复杂度均较高，实际操作不推荐，仅作为熟悉列表的操作

class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s: str, n: int) -> str:
        l = list(s)
        count = 0
        while count < n:
            l.append(l[0])
            l.pop(0)
            count += 1
        return ''.join(l)

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