NFS服务器搭建与配置

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 03:22:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 03:22:33 发布

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文章标签：服务器运维 linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2302_76603725/article/details/146215910

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1.要求

2.实现

1.2.1 创立两台服务器

省略

1.2.2配置仓库

在 nfs-server 虚拟机上配置好本地仓库

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dnf.repo
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/dnf.repo
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=/mnt/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=/mnt/AppStream
gpgcheck=0

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

repo id repo name
AppStream AppStream
BaseOS BaseOS
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt
AppStream EFI extra_files.json images media.repo RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
BaseOS EULA GPL isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta

然后将这个仓库复制到 dnf-client 虚拟机中。

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/dnf.repo root@192.168.72.136:/etc/yum.repos.d/
The authenticity of host '192.168.72.136 (192.168.72.136)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:IXJJgIYtrMMZ4EALsHR1+6xQNFLC6sUdQWpDW1Ub3fk.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? y
Please type 'yes', 'no' or the fingerprint: yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.72.136' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.72.136's password:
dnf.repo 100% 113 71.2KB/s 00:00

1.2.3 设置主机名

nfs-server

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install net-tools wget curl bash-completion vim -y

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl hostname nfs-server

nfs-client
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl hostname nfs-client

1.2.4 设置IP

# 配置服务器IP
[root@nfs-server ~]# nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.72.113/24 ipv4.dns 223.5.5.5 ipv4.gateway 192.168.72.2 connection.autoconnect yes
[root@nfs-server ~]# nmcli c up ens160

# 配置客户端IP
[root@nfs-client ~]# nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.72.114/24 ipv4.dns 223.5.5.5 ipv4.gateway 192.168.72.2 connection.autoconnect yes
[root@nfs-client ~]# nmcli c up ens160

1.2.5 安装nfs服务

[root@nfs-server ~]# systemctl enable --now nfs-server

[root@nfs-client ~]# systemctl enable --now nfs-server

1.2.7 放行防火墙

[root@nfs-server ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=nfs
success
[root@nfs-server ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

[root@nfs-client ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=nfs
success
[root@nfs-client ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

验证是否放行成功

[root@nfs-server ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces: ens160
sources:
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client nfs ssh
ports:
protocols:
forward: yes
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
source-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:

[root@nfs-client ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces: ens160
sources:
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client nfs ssh
ports:
protocols:
forward: yes
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
source-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:

1.2.8 关闭Selinux

[root@nfs-server ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@nfs-server ~]# setenforce 0
[root@nfs-server ~]# getenforce
Permissive

[root@nfs-client ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@nfs-client ~]# setenforce 0
[root@nfs-client ~]# getenforce
Permissive

1.2.9 配置NFS

在NFS服务端(nfs-server)完成。

1、首先创建一个用于存储文件目录

[root@nfs-server ~]# mkdir /nfs/data -p

2、将这个目录共享给客户端，编写 /etc/exports 文件，在文件中做如下的配置。

[root@nfs-server ~]# vim /etc/exports
[root@nfs-server ~]# cat /etc/exports
/nfs/data 192.168.72.114(rw)

3、暴露共享服务

# 配置好后，重启服务
[root@nfs-server ~]# systemctl restart nfs-server
# 然后暴露共享服务
[root@nfs-server ~]# showmount -e 192.168.72.113
Export list for 192.168.72.113:
/nfs/data 192.168.72.114

在客户端（nfs-client）完成。

# 1. 创建挂载目录
[root@nfs-client ~]# mkdir /data/nfs -p

# 2. 将创建的目录挂载到服务端的共享目录
[root@nfs-client ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.72.113:/nfs/data /data/nfs

# 3. 查看是否挂载成功
[root@nfs-client ~]# df /data/nfs
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
192.168.72.113:/nfs/data 46587904 1755648 44832256 4% /data/nfs