C++笔记---日期类实现

1. 日期类.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<assert.h>
using namespace std;

class Date
{
public:
	// 打印日期
	void Print() const
	{
		cout << _year << "/" << _month << "/" << _day << endl;
	}

	// 检查日期合法性
	bool CheckDate()
	{
		if (_month < 1 || _month > 12 || _day < 1 || _day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			return true;
		}
	}

	// 获取某年某月的天数
	int GetMonthDay(int year, int month) const
	{
		assert(1 <= month && month <= 12);

		if (month == 2)
		{
			if (year % 400 == 0 || year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0)
				return 29;
			else
				return 28;
		}
		else if ((month <= 7 && month % 2 == 1) || (month >= 8 && month % 2 == 0))
			return 31;
		else
			return 30;
	}

	// 全缺省的构造函数
	Date(int year = 1900, int month = 1, int day = 1);

	// 拷贝构造函数
	Date(const Date& d);

	// 赋值运算符重载
	Date& operator=(const Date& d);

	// 析构函数
	~Date()
	{
		;
	}

	// 日期+=天数
	Date& operator+=(int day);

	// 日期+天数
	Date operator+(int day) const;

	// 日期-天数
	Date operator-(int day) const;

	// 日期-=天数
	Date& operator-=(int day);

	// 前置++
	Date& operator++();

	// 后置++
	Date operator++(int);

	// 后置--
	Date operator--(int);

	// 前置--
	Date& operator--();

	// >运算符重载
	bool operator>(const Date& d) const;

	// ==运算符重载
	bool operator==(const Date& d) const;

	// >=运算符重载
	bool operator >= (const Date& d) const;

	// <运算符重载
	bool operator < (const Date& d) const;

	// <=运算符重载
	bool operator <= (const Date& d) const;

	// !=运算符重载
	bool operator != (const Date& d) const;

	// 日期-日期 返回天数
	int operator-(const Date& d) const;

	ostream& insert(ostream& out) const
	{
		out << _year << "年" << _month << "月" << _day << "日";
		return out;
	}
	istream& get(istream& in)
	{
		while(1)
		{
			cout << "请依次输入年月日:>";
			in >> _year >> _month >> _day;
			if (!CheckDate())
			{
				cout << "日期非法，需重新输入！" << endl;
				continue;
			}
			else
				break;
		}
		return in;
	}

private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;
};

// 重载
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d);
istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d);

2. 日期类.cpp

#include "日期类.h"

// 全缺省的构造函数
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day)
{
	_year = year;
	_month = month;
	_day = day;

	if (!CheckDate())
	{
		cout << "日期非法" << endl;
	}
}

// 拷贝构造函数
Date::Date(const Date& d)
{
	_year = d._year;
	_month = d._month;
	_day = d._day;
}

// 赋值运算符重载
Date& Date::operator=(const Date& d)
{
	_year = d._year;
	_month = d._month;
	_day = d._day;

	return *this;
}

// 日期+=天数
Date& Date::operator+=(int day)
{
	if (day < 0)
	{
		return (*this) -= -day;
	}

	_day += day;
	while (_day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
	{
		_day -= GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
		_month++;
		if (_month == 13)
		{
			_month = 1;
			_year++;
		}
	}
	return *this;
}

// 日期+天数
Date Date::operator+(int day) const
{
	Date d(*this);
	return (d += day);
}

// 日期-天数
Date Date::operator-(int day) const
{
	Date d(*this);
	return (d -= day);
}

// 日期-=天数
Date& Date::operator-=(int day)
{
	if (day < 0)
	{
		return (*this) += -day;
	}

	_day -= day;
	while (_day <= 0)
	{
		_month--;
		if (_month == 0)
		{
			_month = 12;
			_year--;
		}
		_day += GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
	}
	return *this;
}

// 前置++
Date& Date::operator++()
{
	return ((*this) += 1);
}

// 后置++
Date Date::operator++(int)
{
	Date d(*this);
	(*this) += 1;
	return d;
}

// 后置--
Date Date::operator--(int)
{
	Date d(*this);
	(*this) -= 1;
	return d;
}

// 前置--
Date& Date::operator--()
{
	return ((*this) -= 1);
}

// >运算符重载
bool Date::operator>(const Date& d) const
{
	if (_year > d._year)
		return true;
	else if (_year == d._year)
	{
		if (_month > d._month)
			return true;
		else if (_month == _month)
			return _day > d._day;
	}

	return false;
}

// ==运算符重载
bool Date::operator==(const Date& d) const
{
	if (_year == d._year && _month == d._month && _day == d._day)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

// >=运算符重载
bool Date::operator >= (const Date& d) const
{
	return !((*this) < d);
}

// <运算符重载
bool Date::operator < (const Date& d) const
{
	if (_year < d._year)
		return true;
	else if (_year == d._year)
	{
		if (_month < d._month)
			return true;
		else if (_month == d._month)
			return _day < d._month;
	}

	return false;
}

// <=运算符重载
bool Date::operator <= (const Date& d) const
{
	return !((*this) > d);
}

// !=运算符重载
bool Date::operator != (const Date& d) const
{
	return !((*this) == d);
}

// 日期-日期 返回天数
int Date::operator-(const Date& d) const
{
	Date big = (*this);
	Date small = d;
	int flag = 1;
	if (big < small)
	{
		big = d;
		small = (*this);
		flag = -1;
	}

	//
	int gap = 0, gapS = small._day, gapB = big._day;
	while (small._month > 1)
	{
		gapS += GetMonthDay(small._year, --small._month);
	}

	while (big._month > 1)
	{
		gapB += GetMonthDay(big._year, --big._month);
	}

	while (small._year < big._year)
	{
		gap += 365;
		if (small._year % 400 == 0 || small._year % 4 == 0 && small._year % 100 != 0)
			gap += 1;
		small._year++;
	}

	return (gap + gapB - gapS) * flag;
	//

	/*int gap = 0;
	while (small != big)
	{
		++small;
		++gap;
	}
	return gap * flag;*/
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,const Date& d)
{
	return d.insert(out);
}
istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d)
{
	return d.get(in);
}

//需要友元函数声明(frind)
//ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Date& d)
//{
//	  out << d._year << "年" << d._month << "月" << d._day << "日";
//    return out;
//}
//istream& operator>>(istream& in, Date& d)
//{
//	  cout << "请依次输入年月日:>";
//    in >> d._year >> d._month >> d._day;
//    if (!d.CheckDate())
//    {
//    	  cout << "日期非法" << endl;
//    }
//    return in;
//}