HCIA作业

1.R5为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址; R5与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP;环回地址为100.1.1.1/3

2.R4设备为企业出口路由器

3.整个0SPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分

4.所有设备均可访问R5的环回;

5.减少LSA的更新里，加快收敛，保障更新安全

6.全网可达

 

1.R5作为ISP（互联网服务提供商）设备，其功能比较特殊，只能配置IP地址，与直连设备使用公有IP通信，需要让所有设备能够访问其环回地址。

2.R4作为企业出口路由器，在企业网络与外部网络的连接中起到关键作用。

3.整个OSPF环境基于172.16.0.0/16划分IP地址。这意味着在这个网络中，可利用172.16.0.0 - 172.16.255.255这个地址范围进行子网划分，以满足各个网络设备和网段的IP地址需求。

4.减少LSA更新，有助于减少网络中的链路状态通告（LSA）流量，从而降低网络带宽的占用。可以通过合理的OSPF区域划分等方法来实现。
5.加快收敛能够让网络在拓扑发生变化时更快地恢复到稳定的可达状态。这可能涉及到调整OSPF的定时器参数（如Hello间隔、Dead间隔等），以及优化网络拓扑结构等操作。
6.要求全网可达，即网络中的任何设备都能够与其他设备进行通信。这需要正确配置路由协议，包括正确的区域划分、路由汇总等操作，以确保所有设备之间的IP数据包能够正确转发。

子网划分

R1:   172.16.32.0/24
R2:   172.16.33.0/24
R3:   172.16.34.0/24
R3-R4:    172.16.0.0/30
R4-R6:    172.16.0.4/30
R4-R7:    172.16.0.8/30
R4-R5:    45.0.0.0/30
R6:    172.16.64.0/24
R11:   172.16.65.0/24
R11-R12:   172.16.66.4/30
R7:    172.16.96.0/24
R8:    172.16.97.0/24
R7-R8:     172.16.98.0/30
R9:    172.16.128.0/24
R8-R9: 172.16.98.4/30
R10:   172.16.129.0/24
R9-R10:    172.16.130.0/30
area0: 172.16.0.0/19
area1: 172.16.32.0/19
area2: 172.16.64.0/19
area3: 172.16.96.0/19
area4: 172.16.128.0/19
rip:
    10.1.1.0/24
    10.1.2.0/24

R1：

[r1]int g 0/0/0           	
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address  172.16.35.1 29
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.32.1 24	
[r1-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net	
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.1 0.0.0.0
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf n	
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

R2:        

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.35.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.33.1 24
[r2-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.2 0.0.0.0
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf n	
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

R3:

[r3]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.35.3 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.1 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24 
[r3-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.3 0.0.0.0
r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-su	
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-s	
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[r3]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2p
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]au	
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 c	
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

R4:

[r4]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.9 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.2 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.0.5 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int s 4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.1 30[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.5 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.9 0.0.0.0[r4]ospf 1
[r4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise [r4]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2pr4]ospf 1
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456[r4-ospf-1]acl 2000
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r4-acl-basic-2000]q
[r4]int s 4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]nat outbound 2000

ISP:

[ISP]int s 4/0/0

[ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.2 30

[ISP-Serial4/0/0]int l 0

[ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 100.1.1.1 32

R6:

[r6]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.66.1 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.64.1 24
[r6-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.6 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1] a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.1 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-    
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 0    
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

R7:

[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.98.1 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.96.1 24    
[r7-LoopBack0]ospf network-type  broadcast 
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.10 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.1 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.1 0.0.0.0
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3    
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3    
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary 
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

R8:

[r8]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.98.2 30
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.98.5 30
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.97.1 24
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.2 0.0.0.0
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.5 0.0.0.0
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

R9:

[r9]int g 0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.98.6 30
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.130.1 30
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.128.1 24
[r9-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r9]ospf 1 r    
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.6 0.0.0.0
r9]ospf 2 r    
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.1 0.0.0.0
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route  ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asb    
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9-ospf-1]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

R10:

[r10]int g 0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.130.2 30
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.1 24
[r10-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcas
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.2 0.0.0.0

R11:

[r11]int g 0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.66.2 30
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.66.5 30
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.65.1 24
[r11-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 
r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2    
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.5 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.2 0.0.0.0
[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

R12:

[r12]int g 0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.66.6 30
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24
[r12-LoopBack0]int l 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 10.1.2.1 24
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.6 0.0.0.0
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]ver 2
[r12-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asb    
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 10.1.0.0 255.255.252.0
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

结果