Java之InputStream和OutputStream字节流的实现类总结。

在Java中，InputStream和OutputStream是Java IO中的字节流输入输出操作类，用于处理字节数据的读取和写入,下面汇总一下它们各自的实现类以及用法。

一、InputStream

InputStream常见实现类：

1. FileInputStream：从文件中读取字节数据。

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class InputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("demo.txt")) {
            int data;
            while ((data = fis.read()) != -1) {
                System.out.print((char) data);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2. BufferedInputStream：带有缓冲区的输入流，提高读取效率。

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class BufferedInputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("demo.txt"))) {
            int data;
            while ((data = bis.read()) != -1) {
                System.out.print((char) data);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3. ObjectInputStream：用于读取Java对象的输入流。

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;

public class ObjectInputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("demo.txt"))) {
            Object obj = ois.readObject();
            System.out.println("Object read: " + obj);
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

OutputStream

常见实现类：

1. FileOutputStream：向文件中写入字节数据。

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class OutputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("output.txt")) {
            String data = "Hello, World!";
            fos.write(data.getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2. BufferedOutputStream：带有缓冲区的输出流，提高写入效率。

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class BufferedOutputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("output.txt"))) {
            String data = "Hello, World!";
            bos.write(data.getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3. ObjectOutputStream：用于将Java对象写入输出流。

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;

public class ObjectOutputStreamExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("demo.txt"))) {
            Object obj = "Hello, Object!";
            oos.writeObject(obj);
            System.out.println("Object written successfully.");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}