数据结构多项式加法 栈 作业

多项式加法代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

typedef struct LinkNode{
	int coefficient;
	int exponent;
	struct LinkNode *next;
} *LinkList, *NodePtr;


LinkList initLinkList(){
	LinkList tempHeader = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
	tempHeader->coefficient = 0;
	tempHeader->exponent = 0;
	tempHeader->next = NULL;
	return tempHeader;
}

void printList(LinkList paraHeader){
	NodePtr p = paraHeader->next;
	while (p != NULL) {
		printf("%d * x^%d + ", p->coefficient, p->exponent);
		p = p->next;
	}// Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}

void printNode(NodePtr paraPtr, char paraChar){
	if (paraPtr == NULL) {
		printf("NULL\r\n");
	} else {
		printf("The element of %c is (%d * x^%d)\r\n", paraChar, paraPtr->coefficient, paraPtr->exponent);
	}// Of while
}

void appendElement(LinkList paraHeader, int paraCoefficient, int paraExponent){
	NodePtr p, q;

	// Step 1. Construct a new node.
	q = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct LinkNode));
	q->coefficient = paraCoefficient;
	q->exponent = paraExponent;
	q->next = NULL;

	// Step 2. Search to the tail.
	p = paraHeader;
	while (p->next != NULL) {
		p = p->next;
	}// Of while

	// Step 3. Now add/link.
	p->next = q;
}

void add(NodePtr paraList1, NodePtr paraList2){
	NodePtr p, q, r, s;

	// Step 1. Search to the position.
	p = paraList1->next;
	printNode(p, 'p');
	q = paraList2->next;
	printNode(q, 'q');
	r = paraList1; // Previous pointer for inserting.
	printNode(r, 'r');
	free(paraList2); // The second list is destroyed. 
	
	while ((p != NULL) && (q != NULL)) {
		if (p->exponent < q->exponent) {
			//Link the current node of the first list.
			printf("case 1\r\n");
			r->next = p;
			r = p;
			printNode(r, 'r');
			p = p->next;
			printNode(p, 'p');
		} else if ((p->exponent > q->exponent)) {
			//Link the current node of the second list.
			printf("case 2\r\n");
			r->next = q;
			r = q;
			printNode(r, 'r');
			q = q->next;
			printNode(q, 'q');
		} else {
			printf("case 3\r\n");
			//Change the current node of the first list.
			p->coefficient = p->coefficient + q->coefficient;
			printf("The coefficient is: %d.\r\n", p->coefficient);
			if (p->coefficient == 0) {
				printf("case 3.1\r\n");
				s = p;
				p = p->next;
				printNode(p, 'p');
				// free(s);
			} else {
				printf("case 3.2\r\n");
				r = p;
				printNode(r, 'r');
				p = p->next;
				printNode(p, 'p');
			}// Of if
			s = q;
			q = q->next;
			//printf("q is pointing to (%d, %d)\r\n", q->coefficient, q->exponent);
			free(s);
		}// Of if

		printf("p = %p, q = %p\r\n", p, q);
	} // Of while
	printf("End of while.\r\n");

	if (p == NULL) {
		r->next = q;
	} else {
		r->next = p;
	} // Of if

	printf("Addition ends.\r\n");
}// Of add

/**
 * Unit test 1.
 */
void additionTest1(){
	// Step 1. Initialize the first polynomial.
	LinkList tempList1 = initLinkList();
	appendElement(tempList1, 7, 0);
	appendElement(tempList1, 3, 1);
	appendElement(tempList1, 9, 8);
	appendElement(tempList1, 5, 17);
	printList(tempList1);

	// Step 2. Initialize the second polynomial.
	LinkList tempList2 = initLinkList();
	appendElement(tempList2, 8, 1);
	appendElement(tempList2, 22, 7);
	appendElement(tempList2, -9, 8);
	printList(tempList2);

	// Step 3. Add them to the first.
	add(tempList1, tempList2);
	printf("The result is: ");
	printList(tempList1);
	printf("\r\n");
}// Of additionTest1

/**
 * Unit test 2.
 */
void additionTest2(){
	// Step 1. Initialize the first polynomial.
	LinkList tempList1 = initLinkList();
	appendElement(tempList1, 7, 0);
	appendElement(tempList1, 3, 1);
	appendElement(tempList1, 9, 8);
	appendElement(tempList1, 5, 17);
	printList(tempList1);

	// Step 2. Initialize the second polynomial.
	LinkList tempList2 = initLinkList();
	appendElement(tempList2, 8, 1);
	appendElement(tempList2, 22, 7);
	appendElement(tempList2, -9, 10);
	printList(tempList2);

	// Step 3. Add them to the first.
	add(tempList1, tempList2);
	printf("The result is: ");
	printList(tempList1);
	printf("\r\n");
}// Of additionTest2

/**
 * The entrance.
 */
int main(){
	additionTest1();
	additionTest2();
	printf("Finish.\r\n");
	return 0;
}// Of main

运行结果

栈代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define STACK_MAX_SIZE 10

/**
 * Linear stack of integers. The key is data.
 */
typedef struct CharStack {
    int top;

    char data[STACK_MAX_SIZE]; //The maximum length is fixed.
} *CharStackPtr;

/**
 * Output the stack.
 */
void outputStack(CharStackPtr paraStack) {
    for (int i = 0; i <= paraStack->top; i ++) {
        printf("%c ", paraStack->data[i]);
    }// Of for i
    printf("\r\n");
}// Of outputStack

/**
 * Initialize an empty char stack. No error checking for this function.
 * @param paraStackPtr The pointer to the stack. It must be a pointer to change the stack.
 * @param paraValues An int array storing all elements.
 */
CharStackPtr charStackInit() {
	CharStackPtr resultPtr = (CharStackPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct CharStack));
	resultPtr->top = -1;

	return resultPtr;
}//Of charStackInit

/**
 * Push an element to the stack.
 * @param paraValue The value to be pushed.
 */
void push(CharStackPtr paraStackPtr, int paraValue) {
    // Step 1. Space check.
    if (paraStackPtr->top >= STACK_MAX_SIZE - 1) {
        printf("Cannot push element: stack full.\r\n");
        return;
    }//Of if

    // Step 2. Update the top.
	paraStackPtr->top ++;

	// Step 3. Push element.
    paraStackPtr->data[paraStackPtr->top] = paraValue;
}// Of push

/**
 * Pop an element from the stack.
 * @return The poped value.
 */
char pop(CharStackPtr paraStackPtr) {
    // Step 1. Space check.
    if (paraStackPtr->top < 0) {
        printf("Cannot pop element: stack empty.\r\n");
        return '\0';
    }//Of if

    // Step 2. Update the top.
	paraStackPtr->top --;

	// Step 3. Pop element.
    return paraStackPtr->data[paraStackPtr->top + 1];
}// Of pop

/**
 * Test the push function.
 */
void pushPopTest() {
	char ch;
	int i;
    printf("---- pushPopTest begins. ----\r\n");

	// Initialize.
    CharStackPtr tempStack = charStackInit();
    printf("After initialization, the stack is: ");
	outputStack(tempStack);

	// Pop.
	for (ch = 'a'; ch < 'm'; ch ++) {
		printf("Pushing %c.\r\n", ch);
		push(tempStack, ch);
		outputStack(tempStack);
	}//Of for i

	// Pop.
	for (i = 0; i < 3; i ++) {
		ch = pop(tempStack);
		printf("Pop %c.\r\n", ch);
		outputStack(tempStack);
	}//Of for i

    printf("---- pushPopTest ends. ----\r\n");
}// Of pushPopTest

/**
 The entrance.
 */
void main() {
	pushPopTest();
}// Of main

运行结果