socket=/data/3310/mysql.sock
port=3310
log-error=/data/3310/mysql.log
log_bin=/data/3310/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip-name-resolve
server-id=20
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld3310.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3310/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
#### 3.5 修改权限,启动多实例
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*
systemctl start mysqld3307
systemctl start mysqld3308
systemctl start mysqld3309
systemctl start mysqld3310
systemctl enable mysqld3307
systemctl enable mysqld3308
systemctl enable mysqld3309
systemctl enable mysqld3310
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “show variables like ‘server_id’”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “show variables like ‘server_id’”
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “show variables like ‘server_id’”
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “show variables like ‘server_id’”
>
> ![](https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWQtaW1hZ2VzLmppYW5zaHUuaW8vdXBsb2FkX2ltYWdlcy8xNjk1MjE0OS0wODQ4MzA2OGI0ZGQ5OTEwLnBuZw)
>
>
>
#### 3.6 节点主从规划
箭头指向谁是主库
10.0.0.51:3307 <-----> 10.0.0.52:3307
10.0.0.51:3309 ------> 10.0.0.51:3307
10.0.0.52:3309 ------> 10.0.0.52:3307
10.0.0.52:3308 <-----> 10.0.0.51:3308
10.0.0.52:3310 -----> 10.0.0.52:3308
10.0.0.51:3310 -----> 10.0.0.51:3308
#### 3.7 分片规划
shard1:
Master:10.0.0.51:3307
slave1:10.0.0.51:3309
Standby Master:10.0.0.52:3307
slave2:10.0.0.52:3309
shard2:
Master:10.0.0.52:3308
slave1:10.0.0.52:3310
Standby Master:10.0.0.51:3308
slave2:10.0.0.51:3310
#### 3.8 开始配置
shard1
10.0.0.51:3307 <-----> 10.0.0.52:3307
db02
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “grant replication slave on . to repl@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “grant all on . to root@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’ with grant option;”
db01
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.52’, MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
db02
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.51’, MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
10.0.0.51:3309 ------> 10.0.0.51:3307
db01
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.51’, MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
10.0.0.52:3309 ------> 10.0.0.52:3307
db02
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.52’, MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
shard2
10.0.0.52:3308 <-----> 10.0.0.51:3308
db01
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “grant replication slave on . to repl@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “grant all on . to root@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’ with grant option;”
db02
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.51’, MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
db01
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.52’, MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
10.0.0.52:3310 -----> 10.0.0.52:3308
db02
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.52’, MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
10.0.0.51:3310 -----> 10.0.0.51:3308
db01
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘10.0.0.51’, MASTER_PORT=3308, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER=‘repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123’;”
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “start slave;”
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”
#### 3.9 检测主从状态
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”|grep Running:
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”|grep Running:
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”|grep Running:
mysql -S /data/3310/mysql.sock -e “show slave status\G”|grep Running:
>
> ![](https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWQtaW1hZ2VzLmppYW5zaHUuaW8vdXBsb2FkX2ltYWdlcy8xNjk1MjE0OS0yOGJiYTViNTk2NTUzMmE4LnBuZw)
>
>
>
#### 3.10 MySQL分布式架构介绍
![oldguo导师的图](https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWQtaW1hZ2VzLmppYW5zaHUuaW8vdXBsb2FkX2ltYWdlcy8xNjk1MjE0OS04ODQ5NWYzODIxN2JkN2IwLnBuZw)
- schema拆分及业务分库
- 垂直拆分-分库分表
- 水平拆分-分片
## 4. MyCAT安装
#### 4.1 预先安装Java运行环境
[root@db02 ~]# yum install -y java
#### 4.2 上传到/application
[root@db02 /server/tools]# wget http://192.168.0.163/mysql/Mycat-server-1.6.5-release-20180117003034-linux.tar.gz
[root@db02 /server/tools]# tar xf Mycat-server-1.6.5-release-20180117003034-linux.tar.gz
[root@db02 /server/tools]# ll mycat/
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 190 Aug 21 17:10 bin
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 6 Mar 1 2016 catlet
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root 4096 Aug 21 17:10 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 21 17:10 lib
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 6 Jan 17 2018 logs
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 219 Jan 17 2018 version.txt
[root@db02 /server/tools/mycat]# ll conf
autopartition-long.txt
auto-sharding-long.txt
auto-sharding-rang-mod.txt
cacheservice.properties
dbseq.sql
ehcache.xml
index_to_charset.properties
log4j2.xml
migrateTables.properties
myid.properties
partition-hash-int.txt
partition-range-mod.txt
rule.xml
schema.xml
sequence_conf.properties
sequence_db_conf.properties
sequence_distributed_conf.properties
sequence_time_conf.properties
server.xml
sharding-by-enum.txt
wrapper.conf
zkconf
zkdownload
#### 4.3 启动和连接
移动到/application下
[root@db02 ~]# mv /server/tools/mycat /application/
配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/application/mycat/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
启动
[root@db02 ~]# mycat start
Starting Mycat-server…
连接mycat:
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 10.0.0.52 -P8066
mysql>
#### 4.4. 测试数据准备
db01:
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
grant all on . to root@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’;
source /root/world.sql
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
grant all on . to root@‘10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123’;
source /root/world.sql
#### 4.5. 核心配置文件使用介绍(schema.xml)
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# pwd
/application/mycat/conf
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# vim schema.xml
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat=“http://io.mycat/”>
select user()
</mycat:schema>
#### 配置文件的介绍:
**https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_34457768/article/details/81625758**
balance属性
负载均衡类型,目前的取值有3种:
- balance=“0”, 不开启读写分离机制,所有读操作都发送到当前可用的writeHost上。
- balance=“1”,全部的readHost与standby writeHost参与select语句的负载均衡,简单的说,
当双主双从模式(M1->S1,M2->S2,并且M1与 M2互为主备),正常情况下,M2,S1,S2都参与select语句的负载均衡。 - balance=“2”,所有读操作都随机的在writeHost、readhost上分发。
writeType属性
负载均衡类型,目前的取值有2种:
- writeType=“0”, 所有写操作发送到配置的第一个writeHost,
第一个挂了切到还生存的第二个writeHost,重新启动后已切换后的为主,切换记录在配置文件中:dnindex.properties . - writeType=“1”,所有写操作都随机的发送到配置的writeHost,但不推荐使用
switchType属性
-1 表示不自动切换
1 默认值,自动切换
2 基于MySQL主从同步的状态决定是否切换 ,心跳语句为 show slave status
datahost其他配置
maxCon=“1000”:最大的并发连接数
minCon=“10” :mycat在启动之后,会在后端节点上自动开启的连接线程
tempReadHostAvailable=“1”
这个一主一从时(1个writehost,1个readhost时),可以开启这个参数,如果2个writehost,2个readhost时
select user() 监测心跳
(1) 逻辑库定义
(2) 数据节点定义
(3) 数据主机定义
select user()
#### 4.6 连接测试读写分离
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 10.0.0.52 -P8066
mysql> select @@server_id; #读
±------------+
| @@server_id |
±------------+
| 9 |
±------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> begin;select @@server_id;commit; #写
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
±------------+
| @@server_id |
±------------+
| 7 |
±------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#### 4.7 读写分离+高可用功能
#将原本的配置文件备份
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# mv schema.xml schema.xml.bak
#添加新的配置文件(有四个节点)
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# vim schema.xml
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat=“http://io.mycat/”>
select user()
</mycat:schema>
>
> ![](https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWQtaW1hZ2VzLmppYW5zaHUuaW8vdXBsb2FkX2ltYWdlcy8xNjk1MjE0OS04NjJkYTczMGFmMjhjMGNiLnBuZw)
>
>
>
#### 4.8 拥有了高可用的读写分离
#重启mycat
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# mycat restart
Stopping Mycat-server…
Stopped Mycat-server.
Starting Mycat-server…
[root@db02 /application/mycat/conf]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 10.0.0.52 -P8066
读是三个节点轮询
mysql> select @@server_id;
±------------+
| @@server_id |
±------------+
| 9 |
±------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select @@server_id;
±------------+
| @@server_id |
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