docker镜像构建详细说明，java技术专家面试

—> Package iproute.x86_64 0:4.11.0-30.el7 will be installed

–> Processing Dependency: libmnl.so.0(LIBMNL_1.0)(64bit) for package: iproute-4.11.0-30.el7.x86_64

–> Processing Dependency: libxtables.so.10()(64bit) for package: iproute-4.11.0-30.el7.x86_64

–> Processing Dependency: libmnl.so.0()(64bit) for package: iproute-4.11.0-30.el7.x86_64

–> Running transaction check

—> Package iptables.x86_64 0:1.4.21-35.el7 will be installed

–> Processing Dependency: libnfnetlink.so.0()(64bit) for package: iptables-1.4.21-35.el7.x86_64

–> Processing Dependency: libnetfilter_conntrack.so.3()(64bit) for package: iptables-1.4.21-35.el7.x86_64

—> Package libmnl.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.el7 will be installed

–> Running transaction check

—> Package libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 0:1.0.6-1.el7_3 will be installed

—> Package libnfnetlink.x86_64 0:1.0.1-4.el7 will be installed

–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

iproute x86_64 4.11.0-30.el7 base 805 k

Installing for dependencies:

iptables x86_64 1.4.21-35.el7 base 432 k

libmnl x86_64 1.0.3-7.el7 base 23 k

libnetfilter_conntrack x86_64 1.0.6-1.el7_3 base 55 k

libnfnetlink x86_64 1.0.1-4.el7 base 26 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 1.3 M

Installed size: 3.5 M

Downloading packages:

---

Total 1.8 MB/s | 1.3 MB 00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : libmnl-1.0.3-7.el7.x86_64 1/5

Installing : libnfnetlink-1.0.1-4.el7.x86_64 2/5

Installing : libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el7_3.x86_64 3/5

Installing : iptables-1.4.21-35.el7.x86_64 4/5

Installing : iproute-4.11.0-30.el7.x86_64 5/5

Verifying : libnfnetlink-1.0.1-4.el7.x86_64 1/5

Verifying : libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.6-1.el7_3.x86_64 2/5

Verifying : iptables-1.4.21-35.el7.x86_64 3/5

Verifying : libmnl-1.0.3-7.el7.x86_64 4/5

Verifying : iproute-4.11.0-30.el7.x86_64 5/5

Installed:

iproute.x86_64 0:4.11.0-30.el7

Dependency Installed:

iptables.x86_64 0:1.4.21-35.el7

libmnl.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.el7

libnetfilter_conntrack.x86_64 0:1.0.6-1.el7_3

libnfnetlink.x86_64 0:1.0.1-4.el7

Complete!

Removing intermediate container 69691bc80819

—> 443471b80ff2

Step 5/5 : CMD [“/bin/bash”]

—> Running in 7135ecfff344

Removing intermediate container 7135ecfff344

—> 4105c41a4cc1

Successfully built 4105c41a4cc1

Successfully tagged centos:v1

• 编译完成以后可以通过查看镜像看到我们制作的这个镜像了

然后查看详细可以看到 前4项就是我们自定义的内容了

[root@ccx ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

centos v1 4105c41a4cc1 About a minute ago 433MB

nginx latest d1a364dc548d 3 weeks ago 133MB

hub.c.163.com/library/wordpress latest dccaeccfba36 3 years ago 406MB

hub.c.163.com/library/centos latest 328edcd84f1b 3 years ago 193MB

hub.c.163.com/library/mysql latest 9e64176cd8a2 4 years ago 407MB

[root@ccx ~]#

[root@ccx ~]# docker history centos:v1

IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT

4105c41a4cc1 3 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [“/bin/bash”] 0B

443471b80ff2 3 minutes ago /bin/sh -c yum install iproute -y 121MB

652b957f8a8b 3 minutes ago /bin/sh -c yum install net-tools -y 119MB

cf8f1b1f7f64 4 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER ccx 0B

328edcd84f1b 3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [“/bin/bash”] 0B

3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL name=CentOS Base Im… 0B

3 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:63492ba809361c51e… 193MB

[root@ccx ~]#

• 现在通过这个镜像生成容器测试

可以看到这个镜像中这2命令确实有了

[root@ccx ~]# docker run -it --rm centos:v1

[root@0508e306c79d /]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

16: eth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default

link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0

inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@0508e306c79d /]# ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255

ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)

RX packets 6 bytes 516 (516.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

[root@0508e306c79d /]#

编辑镜像文件【注意事项说明】

• 上面的Dockerfile配置文件中，每多写一个RUN，所生成的镜像都会多一层layer，这样就会导致生成的镜像很大，所以我们尽可能的只写一个RUN让这些命令全部实现，所以修改后如下咯。

• 我们可以将Dockerfile文件修改为如下

&&是与的意思，就是前面执行完了执行后面的命令， \是换行的意思【后面不能有空格哈】，如果有很多命令需要执行，则加很多 && \就是了【这样是为了美观】

[root@ccx ~]# cat Dockerfile

FROM hub.c.163.com/library/centos

MAINTAINER ccx

RUN yum install net-tools -y && \

yum install iproute -y

CMD [“/bin/bash”]

[root@ccx ~]#

• 然后我们重新生成一个 centos:v2版本

docker build -t centos:v2 .

过程如下

[root@ccx ~]# docker build -t centos:v2 .

Sending build context to Docker daemon 1.177GB

Step 1/4 : FROM hub.c.163.com/library/centos

—> 328edcd84f1b

Step 2/4 : MAINTAINER ccx

—> Using cache

—> cf8f1b1f7f64

Step 3/4 : RUN yum install net-tools -y && yum install iproute -y

—> Running in 4ed42d93dd76

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl

Determining fastest mirrors

• base: mirrors.aliyun.com

• extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

• updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transact