Linux 进程之pidstat_linux pidstat

03:54:27 PM 0 356 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 sshd
03:54:27 PM 0 360 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 sshd
03:54:27 PM 0 482 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 sshd
03:54:27 PM 0 486 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 sshd
03:54:27 PM 0 5174 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 sshd

### 2.2 pidstat -d

-d Report I/O statistics

Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

04:02:11 PM UID PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
04:02:11 PM 0 1 0.96 1.64 0.13 systemd
04:02:11 PM 0 365 0.00 0.00 0.00 bash
04:02:11 PM 0 490 0.00 0.00 0.00 bash
04:02:11 PM 0 2173 0.00 0.00 0.00 xfsaild/dm-0
04:02:11 PM 0 2254 0.00 0.00 0.00 systemd-journal
04:02:11 PM 0 2276 0.00 0.00 0.00 lvmetad
04:02:11 PM 0 2297 0.02 0.00 0.00 systemd-udevd
04:02:11 PM 0 4496 0.00 0.02 0.00 auditd
04:02:11 PM 0 4524 0.00 0.00 0.00 accounts-daemon
04:02:11 PM 172 4527 0.00 0.00 0.00 rtkit-daemon
04:02:11 PM 0 4528 0.00 0.00 0.00 alsactl
04:02:11 PM 998 4533 0.00 0.00 0.00 polkitd
04:02:11 PM 70 4539 0.00 0.00 0.00 avahi-daemon
04:02:11 PM 0 4540 0.00 0.00 0.00 bluetoothd
04:02:11 PM 81 4541 0.00 0.00 0.00 dbus-daemon
04:02:11 PM 0 4549 0.00 0.00 0.00 udisksd
04:02:11 PM 0 4551 0.00 0.00 0.00 abrtd
04:02:11 PM 0 4554 0.00 0.00 0.00 abrt-watch-log
04:02:11 PM 994 4561 0.00 0.00 0.00 lsmd
04:02:11 PM 0 4591 0.00 0.00 0.00 gssproxy
04:02:11 PM 0 4635 0.00 0.00 0.00 firewalld
…

UID：正在监视的任务的真实用户标识号。  
 PID：正在监视的任务的标识号。  
 kB\_rd/s：任务每秒从磁盘读取的 kilobytes。  
 kB\_wr/s：任务每秒已写入或将写入磁盘的 kilobytes。  
 kB\_ccwr/s：任务已经取消写入磁盘的 kilobytes，这可能发生在任务截断某些脏页缓存时（dirty pagecache：缓存中的数据还没有写入磁盘）。  
 Command：任务的命令名称。


### 2.3 pidstat -l

-l Display the process command name and all its arguments.

显示任务的完整路径和任务执行时的参数，和从/proc/fd/cmdline 中的值一样

04:25:21 PM UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
…
04:25:21 PM 0 614 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kworker/u8:0
04:25:21 PM 0 1463 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 i915/signal:0
04:25:21 PM 0 2173 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 3 xfsaild/dm-0
04:25:21 PM 0 2174 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:1H
04:25:21 PM 0 2254 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
04:25:21 PM 0 2276 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 /usr/sbin/lvmetad -f
04:25:21 PM 0 2295 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 kworker/3:1H
04:25:21 PM 0 2297 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
04:25:21 PM 0 4428 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 xfsaild/sda2
04:25:21 PM 0 4496 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 /sbin/auditd
04:25:21 PM 0 4498 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 /sbin/audispd
04:25:21 PM 0 4499 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 /usr/sbin/sedispatch
04:25:21 PM 32 4522 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 /sbin/rpcbind -w
04:25:21 PM 0 4523 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind
04:25:21 PM 0 4524 2.26 0.60 0.00 2.86 0 /usr/libexec/accounts-daemon
04:25:21 PM 172 4527 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 /usr/libexec/rtkit-daemon
04:25:21 PM 0 4528 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 /usr/sbin/alsactl -s -n 19 -c -E ALSA_CONFIG_PATH=/etc/alsa/alsactl.conf --initfile=/lib/alsa/init/00main rdaemon
04:25:21 PM 0 4529 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 /sbin/rngd -f
…

数据来源就是 /proc/fd/stat，/proc/fd/cmdline，/proc/fd/status：

[root@localhost ~]# strace -e trace=open pidstat -l
…
open(“/proc/1/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/1/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/1/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/2/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/2/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/2/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/3/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/3/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/3/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/5/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/5/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/5/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/7/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/7/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/7/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/8/stat”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/8/cmdline”, O_RDONLY) = 4
open(“/proc/8/status”, O_RDONLY) = 4
…

### 2.4 pidstat -p


查看指定进程的信息统计：

[root@localhost ~]# pidstat -p pidof top
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

04:36:10 PM UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
04:36:10 PM 0 4121 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 top

查看 pidstat 进程本身信息统计：

[root@localhost ~]# pidstat -p SELF
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

04:36:41 PM UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
04:36:41 PM 0 5340 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 pidstat

查看所有进程信息统计：

[root@localhost ~]# pidstat -p ALL
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

04:37:28 PM UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
04:37:28 PM 0 1 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 2 systemd
04:37:28 PM 0 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kthreadd
04:37:28 PM 0 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 ksoftirqd/0
04:37:28 PM 0 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:0H
04:37:28 PM 0 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0
04:37:28 PM 0 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_bh
04:37:28 PM 0 9 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.07 1 rcu_sched
04:37:28 PM 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 lru-add-drain
04:37:28 PM 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0
04:37:28 PM 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1
04:37:28 PM 0 13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1
04:37:28 PM 0 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 ksoftirqd/1
…

### 2.5 pidstat -r

-r Report page faults and memory utilization.

Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

04:41:20 PM UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
04:41:20 PM 0 1 0.23 0.00 193952 7080 0.09 systemd
04:41:20 PM 0 356 0.00 0.00 165512 6560 0.08 sshd
04:41:20 PM 0 360 0.00 0.00 165208 5936 0.08 sshd
04:41:20 PM 0 365 0.00 0.00 116784 3432 0.04 bash
04:41:20 PM 0 411 0.00 0.00 72092 2872 0.04 sftp-server
04:41:20 PM 0 482 0.00 0.00 165512 6544 0.08 sshd
04:41:20 PM 0 486 0.00 0.00 165208 5936 0.08 sshd
04:41:20 PM 0 490 0.00 0.00 116916 3660 0.05 bash
04:41:20 PM 0 531 0.00 0.00 72092 2876 0.04 sftp-server
04:41:20 PM 0 2254 0.09 0.00 68504 28784 0.36 systemd-journal
04:41:20 PM 0 2276 0.00 0.00 201084 4180 0.05 lvmetad
04:41:20 PM 0 2297 0.00 0.00 48476 5880 0.07 systemd-udevd
04:41:20 PM 0 4496 0.00 0.00 62044 1292 0.02 auditd
04:41:20 PM 0 4498 0.00 0.00 84552 888 0.01 audispd
04:41:20 PM 0 4499 0.00 0.00 55632 1664 0.02 sedispatch
04:41:20 PM 32 4522 0.00 0.00 73648 1376 0.02 rpcbind
04:41:20 PM 0 4523 0.05 0.00 26460 1840 0.02 systemd-logind
04:41:20 PM 0 4524 0.00 0.00 396624 4604 0.06 accounts-daemon
…

minflt/s
Total number of minor faults the task has made per second, those which have not required loading a memory page from disk.

majflt/s
Total number of major faults the task has made per second, those which have required loading a memory page from disk.

VSZ
Virtual Size: The virtual memory usage of entire task in kilobytes.

RSS
Resident Set Size: The non-swapped physical memory used by the task in kilobytes.

%MEM
The tasks’s currently used share of available physical memory.

### 2.6 pidstat -s

-s Report stack utilization.

显示任务堆栈的使用情况：

Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

05:06:00 PM UID PID StkSize StkRef Command
05:06:00 PM 0 1 132 48 systemd
05:06:00 PM 0 356 132 40 sshd
05:06:00 PM 0 360 132 40 sshd
05:06:00 PM 0 365 132 28 bash
05:06:00 PM 0 411 132 32 sftp-server
05:06:00 PM 0 482 132 44 sshd
05:06:00 PM 0 486 132 40 sshd
05:06:00 PM 0 490 132 32 bash
05:06:00 PM 0 531 132 36 sftp-server
05:06:00 PM 0 2254 132 44 systemd-journal
05:06:00 PM 0 2276 132 24 lvmetad
05:06:00 PM 0 2297 132 48 systemd-udevd
05:06:00 PM 0 4496 132 44 auditd
05:06:00 PM 0 4498 132 12 audispd
05:06:00 PM 0 4499 132 20 sedispatch
05:06:00 PM 32 4522 132 20 rpcbind
…

StkSize
The amount of memory in kilobytes reserved for the task as stack, but not necessarily used.
(任务堆栈内存量的总大小，KB 为单位，但不一定使用全部)
StkRef
The amount of memory in kilobytes used as stack, referenced by the task.
(任务引用堆栈的内存量，KB 为单位（任务已经使用的堆栈内存大小）)

### 2.7 pidstat -w

-w Report task switching activity

Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain) 11/24/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)

05:06:29 PM UID PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command
05:06:29 PM 0 1 0.49 0.01 systemd
05:06:29 PM 0 2 0.00 0.00 kthreadd
05:06:29 PM 0 3 0.27 0.00 ksoftirqd/0
05:06:29 PM 0 5 0.00 0.00 kworker/0:0H
05:06:29 PM 0 7 0.19 0.00 migration/0
05:06:29 PM 0 8 0.00 0.00 rcu_bh
05:06:29 PM 0 9 37.92 0.00 rcu_sched
05:06:29 PM 0 10 0.00 0.00 lru-add-drain
05:06:29 PM 0 11 0.25 0.00 watchdog/0
05:06:29 PM 0 12 0.25 0.00 watchdog/1
05:06:29 PM 0 13 0.18 0.00 migration/1
05:06:29 PM 0 14 0.06 0.00 ksoftirqd/1
05:06:29 PM 0 16 0.00 0.00 kworker/1:0H
05:06:29 PM 0 17 0.25 0.00 watchdog/2
05:06:29 PM 0 18 0.17 0.00 migration/2
05:06:29 PM 0 19 0.16 0.00 ksoftirqd/2
05:06:29 PM 0 21 0.00 0.00 kworker/2:0H
05:06:29 PM 0 22 0.25 0.00 watchdog/3
05:06:29 PM 0 23 0.18 0.00 migration/3
…

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