SpringCloud入门（微服务调用 RestTemplate）——微服务调用的方式 &amp； RestTemplate的使用 &amp； 使用nacos的服务名初步（Ribbon负载均衡(1)

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由于篇幅限制小编，pdf文档的详解资料太全面，细节内容实在太多啦，所以只把部分知识点截图出来粗略的介绍，每个小节点里面都有更细化的内容！

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            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--整合springcloud alibaba-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.0.5.0</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

### 生产者模块


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4cdd5dd09bde409f957e62e4c7d65485.png)


### 单个配置的情况


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/eacc447e4d174d3092dd903b9f34115c.png)

spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# 能够注册
register-enabled: true
server-addr: http://192.168.111.130:8848/
config:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}
# namespace的id
namespace: 57bca93f-1161-4649-aec3-da79c3aa7cc2

# 配置单个

    group: DEV
    name: book-cofig
    file-extension: yaml

application:
name: springCloud-provider

### 多个配置的情况


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/08eb0ea8e3cb42059c7e340fce85972a.png)


#### 没加.yaml的报错【报错】


org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘providerController’: Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder ‘book.name’ in value “${book.name}”


Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder ‘book.name’ in value “${book.name}”


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/0d80ab3633dd4932ab39f60664606e23.png)


#### 两个同名配置【细节】


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/99aea485f927454e9edf69a2843c8e38.png)


### 完整代码


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/3b75e11057b84cb5ae253aa12cdfa4cd.png)


#### config配置



> 
> bootstrap.yml
> 
> 
> 

spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# 能够注册
register-enabled: true
server-addr: http://192.168.111.130:8848/
config:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}
# namespace的id
namespace: 57bca93f-1161-4649-aec3-da79c3aa7cc2

# 配置单个

group: DEV

name: book-cofig

file-extension: yaml

    # 配置多个 TODO:配置多个的时候，要加上.yaml后缀，nacos中的命名也要加.yaml
    # TODO:如果两个配置里面的值相同，则后面加载进来的会覆盖前面的；
    extension-configs:

- data-id: book-cofig

group: DEV

refresh: true

      - data-id: book-config1.yaml
        group: DEV
        refresh: true
      - data-id: book-config2.yaml
        group: DEV
        refresh: true

application:
name: springCloud-provider

> 
> application.yml
> 
> 
> 

server:
port: 9099

#### 主启动类

package com.tianju.cloud.provider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ProviderApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApp.class, args);
}
}

#### controller层

package com.tianju.cloud.provider.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(“/api/provider”)
public class ProviderController {
@Value(“${book.name}”)
private String movieName;

@Value("${spring.application.name}")
private String serverId;

@Value("${server.port}")
private int port;

@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
    String s = "服务"+serverId+",端口："+port+",电影名："+movieName;
    System.out.println(s);
    return s;
}

}

### 消费者模块


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/96fbb379cf2845bd9c31fe862dc223f2.png)


#### 进行配置


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/cb5bc6ac4ebb468faa219a842d978859.png)

spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# 能够注册
register-enabled: true
server-addr: http://192.168.111.130:8848/

application:
name: springCloud-consumer

#### restTemplate配置类

package com.tianju.consumer.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean(name = “restTemplateA”) // 定义名称
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}

![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/443ecf8184994bf4bf9b45d87cb988c1.png)


#### controller层

package com.tianju.consumer.controller;

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(“/api/consumer”)
public class ConsumerController {

@Resource // 根据名称注入
private RestTemplate restTemplateA;

@GetMapping("/nihao")
public String nihao(){
    String url = "http://localhost:9099/api/provider/hello";
    ResponseEntity<String> forEntity = restTemplateA
            .getForEntity(
                url,
                String.class
    );
    String body = forEntity.getBody();
    System.out.println("消费者获取生产者提供的数据"+body);
    return body;
}

}

## 使用nacos的服务名【报错】


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/eb3975f53b3e4ecaa9118fee833054bc.png)


![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e41449271aa7479b83b0e51ad4900ba8.png)


### 添加Ribbon负载均衡

   <!--客户端负载均衡loadbalancer-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
    </dependency>

![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/cc44d7ac1d18488696006a06eebaad88.png)


### 改造config

package com.tianju.consumer.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean(name = “restTemplateA”) // 定义名称
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}

@LoadBalanced // 具有软件负载均衡能力
@Bean(name = "restTemplateWith") // 定义名称
public RestTemplate restTemplateWith(){
    return new RestTemplate();
}

}

### controller调用

package com.tianju.consumer.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

最后

本文已被CODING开源项目：【一线大厂Java面试题解析+核心总结学习笔记+最新讲解视频+实战项目源码】收录

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取

rk.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

最后

[外链图片转存中…(img-Tfx0n25K-1715469595449)]

[外链图片转存中…(img-dYBy42TF-1715469595450)]

本文已被CODING开源项目：【一线大厂Java面试题解析+核心总结学习笔记+最新讲解视频+实战项目源码】收录

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取