Android组件化开发实战：封装权限管理请求框架

Manifest.permission.BODY_SENSORS,

Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION};

SMS = new String[]{

Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS,

Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,

Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,

Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,

Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_MMS};

/**

• 外部存储权限

• Android11以上版本，存储权限统一用MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

*/

if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R){

STORAGE = new String[]{

Manifest.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};

}else {

STORAGE = new String[]{

Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,

Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};

}

//安装应用权限（Android8.0及以上）

if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.O){

PACKAGES=new String[]{Manifest.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES};

}else{

PACKAGES = new String[]{};

}

//通知栏权限

NOTIFICATION=new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY};

//悬浮窗权限

ALERTWINDOW=new String[]{Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW};

//系统设置权限

SETTINGS=new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS};

}

}

}

2、创建PermissionUtils.java工具类，这个类主要是封装一些权限的通用方法，代码如下：

import android.annotation.TargetApi;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.pm.PackageManager;

import android.os.Build;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

/**

• 权限的工具类

• @author 安阳 QQ：15577969

• @version 1.0

• @team 美奇软件开发工作室

• @date 2020/11/23 13:09

*/

public class PermissionUtils {

/**

• 判断Android系统版本是否大于6.0

• @return

*/

public static boolean judgeVersion() {

return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M;

}

/**

• 从申请的权限中找出未授予的权限

• @param activity

• @param permission

• @return

*/

@TargetApi(value = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)

public static List findDeniedPermissions(Activity activity, String… permission) {

List denyPermissions = new ArrayList<>();

for (String value : permission) {

if (activity.checkSelfPermission(value) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

denyPermissions.add(value);

}

}

return denyPermissions;

}

/**

• 寻找相应的注解方法

• @param c1 要寻找的那个类

• @param c2 响应的注解标记

• @return

*/

public static List findAnnotationMethods(Class c1, Class<? extends Annotation> c2) {

List methods = new ArrayList<>();

for (Method method : c1.getDeclaredMethods()) {

if (method.isAnnotationPresent(c2)) {

methods.add(method);

}

}

return methods;

}

public static Method findMethodPermissionFailWithRequestCode(Class clazz, Class permissionFailClass, int requestCode) {

for (Method method : clazz.getDeclaredMethods()) {

if (method.isAnnotationPresent(permissionFailClass)) {

if (requestCode == method.getAnnotation(PermissionFail.class).requestCode()) {

return method;

}

}

}

return null;

}

/**

• 找到相应的注解方法（requestCode请求码与需要的一样）

• @param m

• @param c

• @param requestCode

• @return

*/

public static boolean isEqualRequestCodeFromAnntation(Method m, Class c, int requestCode) {

if (c.equals(PermissionFail.class)) {

return requestCode == m.getAnnotation(PermissionFail.class).requestCode();

} else if (c.equals(PermissionSuccess.class)) {

return requestCode == m.getAnnotation(PermissionSuccess.class).requestCode();

} else {

return false;

}

}

public static Method findMethodWithRequestCode(Class c, Class annotation, int requestCode) {

for (Method method : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {

if (method.isAnnotationPresent(annotation)) {

if (isEqualRequestCodeFromAnntation(method, annotation, requestCode)) {

return method;

}

}

}

return null;

}

public static Method findMethodPermissionSuccessWithRequestCode(Class c, Class permissionFailClass, int requestCode) {

for (Method method : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {

if (method.isAnnotationPresent(permissionFailClass)) {

if (requestCode == method.getAnnotation(PermissionSuccess.class).requestCode()) {

return method;

}

}

}

return null;

}

public static Activity getActivity(Object object) {

if (object instanceof Fragment) {

return ((Fragment) object).getActivity();

} else if (object instanceof Activity) {

return (Activity) object;

}

return null;

}

}

3、创建成功和失败的回调接口类，代码如下：

PermissionSuccess.java

/**

• @author 安阳 QQ：15577969

• @version 1.0

• @team 美奇软件开发工作室

• @date 2020/11/23 13:12

*/

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;

import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)

public @interface PermissionSuccess {

int requestCode();

}

PermissionFail.java

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;

import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**

• @author 安阳 QQ：15577969

• @version 1.0

• @team 美奇软件开发工作室

• @date 2020/11/23 13:12

*/

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface PermissionFail {

int requestCode();

}

4、创建OmgPermission.java对象类，这个类就是我们封装的权限框架主体，代码如下：

import android.annotation.TargetApi;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.pm.PackageManager;

import android.os.Build;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

/**

• 动态权限的对象

• @author 安阳 QQ：15577969

• @version 1.0

• @team 美奇软件开发工作室

• @date 2020/11/23 12:56

*/

public class OmgPermission {

//权限集合

private String[] mPermissions;

//请求码

private int mRequestCode;

//对象

private Object object;

//权限回调方法

private static PermissionCallback permissionCallback;

/**

• 构造方法

*/

private OmgPermission(Object object) {

this.object = object;

}

/**

• with函数是将某对象作为函数的参数，在函数块内可以通过 this 指代该对象。

• 返回值为函数块的最后一行或指定return表达式。

*/

public static OmgPermission with(Activity activity){

return new OmgPermission(activity);

}

public static OmgPermission with(Fragment fragment){

return new OmgPermission(fragment);

}

/**

• 获取权限组集合

• @param permissions

• @return

*/

public OmgPermission permissions(String… permissions){

this.mPermissions = permissions;

return this;

}

/**

• 添加请求码

• @param requestCode

• @return

*/

public OmgPermission addRequestCode(int requestCode){

this.mRequestCode = requestCode;

return this;

}

@TargetApi(value = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)

public void request(){

permissionCallback = null;

requestPermissions(object, mRequestCode, mPermissions);

}

@TargetApi(value = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)

public void request(PermissionCallback callback){

if(callback!=null) {

permissionCallback = callback;

}

requestPermissions(object, mRequestCode, mPermissions);

}

/**

• 活动请求权限

• @param activity

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

*/

public static void needPermission(Activity activity, int requestCode, String[] permissions){

permissionCallback = null;

requestPermissions(activity, requestCode, permissions);

}

public static void needPermission(Activity activity, int requestCode, String permission){

permissionCallback = null;

needPermission(activity, requestCode, new String[] { permission });

}

/**

• 活动请求权限，带回调方法

• @param activity

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

• @param callback

*/

public static void needPermission(Activity activity, int requestCode, String[] permissions

,OmgPermission.PermissionCallback callback) {

if (callback != null) {

permissionCallback = callback;

}

requestPermissions(activity, requestCode, permissions);

}

public static void needPermission(Activity activity, int requestCode, String permission,PermissionCallback callback){

if (callback != null) {

permissionCallback = callback;

}

needPermission(activity, requestCode, new String[] { permission });

}

/**

• 碎片请求权限

• @param fragment

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

*/

public static void needPermission(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, String[] permissions){

permissionCallback = null;

requestPermissions(fragment, requestCode, permissions);

}

public static void needPermission(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, String permission){

permissionCallback = null;

needPermission(fragment, requestCode, new String[] { permission });

}

/**

• 碎片请求权限，带回调方法

• @param fragment

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

• @param callback

*/

public static void needPermission(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, String[] permissions

,OmgPermission.PermissionCallback callback) {

if (callback != null) {

permissionCallback = callback;

}

requestPermissions(fragment, requestCode, permissions);

}

public static void needPermission(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, String permission,PermissionCallback callback){

if (callback != null) {

permissionCallback = callback;

}

needPermission(fragment, requestCode, new String[] { permission });

}

/**

• 请求权限

• @param object

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

*/

@TargetApi(value = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)

private static void requestPermissions(Object object, int requestCode, String[] permissions){

//判断系统版本是否大于6.0

if(!PermissionUtils.judgeVersion()) {

if (permissionCallback != null) {

permissionCallback.permissionSuccess(requestCode);

}else {

doExecuteSuccess(object, requestCode);

}

return;

}

List deniedPermissions = PermissionUtils.findDeniedPermissions(PermissionUtils.getActivity(object), permissions);

/**

• 先检查是否有没有授予的权限，有的话请求，没有的话就直接执行权限授予成功的接口/注解方法

*/

if(deniedPermissions.size() > 0){

if(object instanceof Activity){

((Activity)object).requestPermissions(deniedPermissions.toArray(new String[deniedPermissions.size()]), requestCode);

} else if(object instanceof Fragment){

((Fragment)object).requestPermissions(deniedPermissions.toArray(new String[deniedPermissions.size()]), requestCode);

} else {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(object.getClass().getName() + " is not supported");

}

} else {

if (permissionCallback != null) {

permissionCallback.permissionSuccess(requestCode);

}else {

doExecuteSuccess(object, requestCode);

}

}

}

private static void doExecuteSuccess(Object activity, int requestCode) {

Method executeMethod = PermissionUtils.findMethodWithRequestCode(activity.getClass(),

PermissionSuccess.class, requestCode);

executeMethod(activity, executeMethod);

}

private static void doExecuteFail(Object activity, int requestCode) {

Method executeMethod = PermissionUtils.findMethodWithRequestCode(activity.getClass(),

PermissionFail.class, requestCode);

executeMethod(activity, executeMethod);

}

private static void executeMethod(Object activity, Method executeMethod) {

if(executeMethod != null){

try {

if(!executeMethod.isAccessible()) executeMethod.setAccessible(true);

executeMethod.invoke(activity, new Object[]{});

} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public static void onRequestPermissionsResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, String[] permissions,

int[] grantResults) {

requestResult(activity, requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

}

public static void onRequestPermissionsResult(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, String[] permissions,

int[] grantResults) {

requestResult(fragment, requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

}

/**

• 回调接口不为空的话，先执行回调接口的方法，若为空，则寻找响应的注解方法。

• @param obj

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

• @param grantResults

*/

private static void requestResult(Object obj, int requestCode, String[] permissions,

int[] grantResults){

List deniedPermissions = new ArrayList<>();

for(int i=0; i<grantResults.length; i++){

if(grantResults[i] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){

deniedPermissions.add(permissions[i]);

}

}

if(deniedPermissions.size() > 0){

if(permissionCallback!=null){

permissionCallback.permissionFail(requestCode);

}else {

doExecuteFail(obj, requestCode);

}

} else {

if(permissionCallback!=null){

permissionCallback.permissionSuccess(requestCode);

}else {

doExecuteSuccess(obj, requestCode);

}

}

}

public interface PermissionCallback{

//请求权限成功

void permissionSuccess(int requsetCode);

//请求权限失败

void permissionFail(int requestCode);

}

}

四、本地调用权限框架

1、添加依赖，在主项目的build.gradle文件的dependencies{}配置里，添加如下语句：

dependencies {

//集成权限请求框架

implementation project(‘:library’)

}

2、简单示例用法：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

//联系人请求码

private final int REQUEST_CONTACT = 100;

//存储请求码

private final int REQUEST_STORAGE = 200;

//相机请求码

private final int REQUEST_CAMERA = 300;

private Button storageButton;

private Button cameraButton;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

/**

• 请求权限

• request()方法的参数可以有也可以没有，有且不为空，就会回调PermissionCallback的响应的回调方法，没有或为空，则回调响应的注解方法。

*/

OmgPermission.with(MainActivity.this)

//添加请求码

.addRequestCode(REQUEST_CAMERA)

//单独申请一个权限

//.permissions(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)

//同时申请多个权限

.permissions(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS)

.request(new OmgPermission.PermissionCallback(){

@Override

public void permissionSuccess(int requestCode) {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "成功授予联系人权限，请求码： " + requestCode, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@Override

public void permissionFail(int requestCode) {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "授予联系人权限失败，请求码： " + requestCode, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

});

}

/**

• 回调注解方法

• 当request()没有参数的时候，就会在当前类里面寻找相应的注解方法

*/

@PermissionSuccess(requestCode = REQUEST_STORAGE)

public void permissionSuccess() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：成功授予读写权限” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@PermissionFail(requestCode = REQUEST_STORAGE)

public void permissionFail() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：授予读写权限失败” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@PermissionSuccess(requestCode = REQUEST_CONTACT)

public void permissionSuccessContact() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：成功授予联系人权限” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@PermissionFail(requestCode = REQUEST_CONTACT)

public void permissionFailContact() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：授予联系人权限失败” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@PermissionSuccess(requestCode = REQUEST_CAMERA)

public void permissionSuccessCamera() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：成功授予相机权限” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@PermissionFail(requestCode = REQUEST_CAMERA)

public void permissionFailCamera() {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, “回调注解方法：授予相机权限失败” , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

/**

• 申请权限的系统回调方法

• @param requestCode

• @param permissions

• @param grantResults

*/

@Override

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

OmgPermission.onRequestPermissionsResult(MainActivity.this, requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

}

}

3、点击按钮时，使用needPermission()方法动态申请权限：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

//联系人请求码

private final int REQUEST_CONTACT = 100;

//存储请求码

private final int REQUEST_STORAGE = 200;

//相机请求码

private final int REQUEST_CAMERA = 300;

private Button storageButton;

private Button cameraButton;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

//获取控件

storageButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.storageButton);

cameraButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.cameraButton);

//设置监听

storageButton.setOnClickListener(this);

cameraButton.setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

switch (view.getId()){

//申请存储权限按钮

case R.id.storageButton:
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}

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

switch (view.getId()){

//申请存储权限按钮

case R.id.storageButton:
自我介绍一下，小编13年上海交大毕业，曾经在小公司待过，也去过华为、OPPO等大厂，18年进入阿里一直到现在。

深知大多数初中级Android工程师，想要提升技能，往往是自己摸索成长或者是报班学习，但对于培训机构动则近万的学费，着实压力不小。自己不成体系的自学效果低效又漫长，而且极易碰到天花板技术停滞不前！

因此收集整理了一份《2024年Android移动开发全套学习资料》，初衷也很简单，就是希望能够帮助到想自学提升又不知道该从何学起的朋友，同时减轻大家的负担。

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