2024年前端最新搞清楚怎样基于 Webpack5 从 0 搭建 React开发环境-超详细，中高级Web前端面试中你不得不会的知识点

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_84122917/article/details/138826317

最后

好了，这就是整理的前端从入门到放弃的学习笔记，还有很多没有整理到，我也算是边学边去整理，后续还会慢慢完善，这些相信够你学一阵子了。

做程序员，做前端工程师，真的是一个学习就会有回报的职业，不看出身高低，不看学历强弱，只要你的技术达到应有的水准，就能够得到对应的回报。

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tristana

开发服务

$ npm install webpack-dev-server --save-dev

script/webpack.config.js

const path = require(“path”);

const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require(‘html-webpack-plugin’);

module.exports = {

// …

devServer: {

contentBase: path.resolve(__dirname, “dist”),

hot: true,

historyApiFallback: true,

compress: true,

};

package.json

{

// …

“scripts”: {

“start”: “webpack serve --mode=development --config script/webpack.config.js”

// …

}

清理 dist

$ npm install clean-webpack-plugin --save-dev

script/webpack.config.js

const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require(‘clean-webpack-plugin’);

module.exports = {

// …

plugins: {

new CleanWebpackPlugin()

}

};

Tips

由于 webpack 使用的是^5.21.2 版本，在使用该插件时，会提示clean-webpack-plugin: options.output.path not defined. Plugin disabled...，暂时还未解决。

环境变量

$ npm install cross-env --save-dev

package.json

{

// …

“scripts”: {

“start”: “cross-env ENV_LWD=development webpack serve --mode=development --config script/webpack.config.js”,

“build”: “cross-env ENV_LWD=production webpack --mode=production --config script/webpack.config.js”

// …

}

.jsx 文件

安装依赖

$ npm install @babel/preset-react react react-dom --save-dev

.babelrc

{

“presets”: [“@babel/preset-env”, “@babel/preset-react”]

}

src/App.jsx

在 src 目录下，新增 App.jsx 文件：

import React, { Component } from “react”;

class App extends Component {

render() {

return (

Hello, World!

);

}

export default App;

src/index.js

import React from “react”;

import ReactDOM from “react-dom”;

import App from “./App.jsx”;

ReactDOM.render(, document.getElementById(“root”));

React Router

安装依赖

$ npm install react-router history --save

src/index.js

import React from “react”;

import ReactDOM from “react-dom”;

import { Router, Route, Link } from “react-router”;

import { createBrowserHistory } from “history”;

import App from “./App.jsx”;

const About = () => {

return <>About</>;

};

ReactDOM.render(

document.getElementById(“root”)

);

MobX

安装依赖

$ npm install mobx mobx-react babel-preset-mobx --save

.babelrc

{

“presets”: [“@babel/preset-env”, “@babel/preset-react”, “mobx”]

}

src/store.js

在 src 目录下新建 store.js

import { observable, action, makeObservable } from “mobx”;

class Store {

constructor() {

makeObservable(this);

}

@observable

count = 0;

@action(“add”)

add = () => {

this.count = this.count + 1;

};

@action(“reduce”)

reduce = () => {

this.count = this.count - 1;

};

}

export default new Store();

index.js

import { Provider } from “mobx-react”;

import Store from “./store”;

// …

ReactDOM.render(

document.getElementById(“root”)

);

src/App.jsx

import React, { Component } from “react”;

import { observer, inject } from “mobx-react”;

@inject(“store”)

@observer

class App extends Component {

render() {

return (

{this.props.store.count}

add

reduce

);

}

export default App;

Ant Design

安装依赖

$ npm install antd babel-plugin-import --save

.babelrc

{

// …

“plugins”: [

[

“import”,

{

“libraryName”: “antd”,

“libraryDirectory”: “es”,

“style”: true

}

]

}

src/App.jsx

// …

import { DatePicker } from “antd”;

import “antd/dist/antd.css”;

@inject(“store”)

@observer

class App extends Component {

render() {

return (

);

}

export default App;

TypeScript

安装依赖

$ npm install typescript @babel/preset-typescript --save-dev

.babelrc

{

“presets”: [

// …

“@babel/preset-typescript”

]

}

tsconfig.json

在根目录下，新增 tsconfig.json 文件：

{

“compilerOptions”: {

“emitDecoratorMetadata”: true,

“experimentalDecorators”: true,

“target”: “ES5”,

“allowSyntheticDefaultImports”: true,

“strict”: true,

“forceConsistentCasingInFileNames”: true,

“allowJs”: true,

“outDir”: “./dist/”,

“esModuleInterop”: true,

“noImplicitAny”: false,

“sourceMap”: true,

“module”: “esnext”,

“moduleResolution”: “node”,

“isolatedModules”: true,

“importHelpers”: true,

“lib”: [“esnext”, “dom”, “dom.iterable”],

“skipLibCheck”: true,

“jsx”: “react”,

“typeRoots”: [“node”, “node_modules/@types”],

“rootDirs”: [“./src”],

“baseUrl”: “./src”

“include”: [“./src/**/*”],

“exclude”: [“node_modules”]

}

src/App.jsx

更换文件后缀 App.jsx -> App.tsx

import React, { Component } from “react”;

import { observer, inject } from “mobx-react”;

import { DatePicker } from “antd”;

import “antd/dist/antd.css”;

@inject(“store”)

@observer

class App extends Component {

props: any;

render() {

return (

{this.props.store.count}

add

reduce

);

}

export default App;

代码规范

代码校验、代码格式化、Git 提交前校验、Vscode配置、编译校验

ESLint

安装依赖

$ npm install @typescript-eslint/parser eslint eslint-plugin-standard @typescript-eslint/parser @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin eslint-plugin-promise --save-dev

.eslintrc.js

在根目录下，新增 .eslintrc.js 文件：

module.exports = {

extends: [“eslint:recommended”, “plugin:react/recommended”],

env: {

browser: true,

commonjs: true,

es6: true,

globals: {

$: true,

process: true,

__dirname: true,

parser: “@typescript-eslint/parser”,

parserOptions: {

ecmaFeatures: {

jsx: true,

modules: true,

sourceType: “module”,

ecmaVersion: 6,

plugins: [“react”, “standard”, “promise”, “@typescript-eslint”],

settings: {

“import/ignore”: [“node_modules”],

react: {

version: “latest”,

rules: {

quotes: [2, “single”],

“no-console”: 0,

“no-debugger”: 1,

“no-var”: 1,

semi: [“error”, “always”],

“no-irregular-whitespace”: 0,

“no-trailing-spaces”: 1,

“eol-last”: 0,

“no-unused-vars”: [

{

vars: “all”,

args: “after-used”,

“no-case-declarations”: 0,

“no-underscore-dangle”: 0,

“no-alert”: 2,

“no-lone-blocks”: 0,

“no-class-assign”: 2,

“no-cond-assign”: 2,

“no-const-assign”: 2,

“no-delete-var”: 2,

“no-dupe-keys”: 2,

“use-isnan”: 2,

“no-duplicate-case”: 2,

“no-dupe-args”: 2,

“no-empty”: 2,

“no-func-assign”: 2,

“no-invalid-this”: 0,

“no-redeclare”: 2,

“no-spaced-func”: 2,

“no-this-before-super”: 0,

“no-undef”: 2,

“no-return-assign”: 0,

“no-script-url”: 2,

“no-use-before-define”: 2,

“no-extra-boolean-cast”: 0,

“no-unreachable”: 1,

“comma-dangle”: 2,

“no-mixed-spaces-and-tabs”: 2,

“prefer-arrow-callback”: 0,

“arrow-parens”: 0,

“arrow-spacing”: 0,

camelcase: 0,

“jsx-quotes”: [1, “prefer-double”],

“react/display-name”: 0,

“react/forbid-prop-types”: [

{

forbid: [“any”],

“react/jsx-boolean-value”: 0,

“react/jsx-closing-bracket-location”: 1,

“react/jsx-curly-spacing”: [

{

when: “never”,

children: true,

“react/jsx-indent”: [“error”, 4],

“react/jsx-key”: 2,

“react/jsx-no-bind”: 0,

“react/jsx-no-duplicate-props”: 2,

“react/jsx-no-literals”: 0,

“react/jsx-no-undef”: 1,

“react/jsx-pascal-case”: 0,

“react/jsx-sort-props”: 0,

“react/jsx-uses-react”: 1,

“react/jsx-uses-vars”: 2,

“react/no-danger”: 0,

“react/no-did-mount-set-state”: 0,

“react/no-did-update-set-state”: 0,

“react/no-direct-mutation-state”: 2,

“react/no-multi-comp”: 0,

“react/no-set-state”: 0,

“react/no-unknown-property”: 2,

“react/prefer-es6-class”: 2,

“react/prop-types”: 0,

“react/react-in-jsx-scope”: 2,

“react/self-closing-comp”: 0,

“react/sort-comp”: 0,

“react/no-array-index-key”: 0,

“react/no-deprecated”: 1,

“react/jsx-equals-spacing”: 2,

};

.eslintignore

在根目录下，新增 .eslintignore 文件：

src/assets

.vscode

在根目录下新增 .vscode 文件夹，然后新增 .vscode/settings.json

{

“eslint.validate”: [

“javascript”,

“javascriptreact”,

“typescript”,

“typescriptreact”

]

}

Perttier

安装依赖

$ npm install prettier --save-dev

prettier.config.js

在根目录下，新增 prettier.config.js 文件：

module.exports = {

// 一行最多 100 字符

printWidth: 100,

// 使用 4 个空格缩进

tabWidth: 4,

// 不使用缩进符，而使用空格

useTabs: false,

Vue 面试题

1.Vue 双向绑定原理
2.描述下 vue 从初始化页面–修改数据–刷新页面 UI 的过程？
3.你是如何理解 Vue 的响应式系统的?
4.虚拟 DOM 实现原理
5.既然 Vue 通过数据劫持可以精准探测数据变化,为什么还需要虚拟 DOM 进行 diff 检测差异?
6.Vue 中 key 值的作用？
7.Vue 的生命周期
8.Vue 组件间通信有哪些方式?
9.watch、methods 和 computed 的区别?
10.vue 中怎么重置 data?
11.组件中写 name 选项有什么作用？
12.vue-router 有哪些钩子函数?
13.route 和 router 的区别是什么？
14.说一下 Vue 和 React 的认识，做一个简单的对比
15.Vue 的 nextTick 的原理是什么？
16.Vuex 有哪几种属性?
17.vue 首屏加载优化
18.Vue 3.0 有没有过了解？
19.vue-cli 替我们做了哪些工作？