阿里技术面没过，居然是因为我没用过Pytest框架(1)，2024年最新软件测试系统工程师面试

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 18:24:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 18:24:51 发布

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分类专栏： 2024年程序员学习文章标签： pytest 面试压力测试

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正文

测试函数以test_开头
断言使用基本的assert即可

pytest1.py

fixture的scope参数

scope参数有四种，默认为function

function：每个test都运行，默认是function的scope
class：每个class的所有test只运行一次
module：每个module的所有test只运行一次
session：每个session只运行一次

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setup和teardown操作

setup，在测试函数或类之前执行，完成准备工作，例如数据库链接、测试数据、打开文件等
teardown，在测试函数或类之后执行，完成收尾工作，例如断开数据库链接、回收内存资源等

备注：

也可以通过在fixture函数中通过yield实现setup和teardown功能

2、测试结果

如何执行

pytest # run all tests below current dir
pytest test_mod.py # run tests in module file test_mod.py
pytest somepath # run all tests below somepath like ./tests/
pytest -k stringexpr # only run tests with names that match the

the “string expression”, e.g. “MyClass and not method”

will select TestMyClass.test_something

but not TestMyClass.test_method_simple

pytest test_mod.py::test_func # only run tests that match the “node ID”,

e.g “test_mod.py::test_func” will be selected

only run test_func in test_mod.py

通过pytest.mark对test方法分类执行

通过@pytest.mark控制需要执行哪些feature的test，例如在执行test前增加修饰@pytest.mark.website

通过 -m “website” 执行有website标记的test方法

$ pytest -v -m “website” pytest1.py
============================================================================== test session starts =============================================================================platform linux2 – Python 2.7.14, pytest-3.0.0, py-1.5.2, pluggy-0.3.1 – /home/kevin/soft/anaconda2/bin/python
cachedir: .cacheUsing --randomly-seed=1522925202rootdir: /home/kevin/learn/python-web/tox/case2, inifile:plugins: randomly-1.0.0, mock-1.2, cov-2.0.0collected 3 items
pytest1.py::test_1 PASSED
============================================================================= pytest-warning summary =WC1 None pytest_funcarg__cov: declaring fixtures using “pytest_funcarg__” prefix is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0. Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead.= 2 tests deselected ========================================================================================================================================== 1 passed, 2 deselected, 1 pytest-warnings in 0.00 seconds ============================================================

通过 -m “not website” 执行没有website标记的test方法

$ pytest -v -m “not website” pytest1.py
============================================================================== test session starts =platform linux2 – Python 2.7.14, pytest-3.0.0, py-1.5.2, pluggy-0.3.1 – /home/kevin/soft/anaconda2/bin/python
cachedir: .cacheUsing
–randomly-seed=1522925192rootdir: /home/kevin/learn/python-web/tox/case2, inifile:plugins: randomly-1.0.0, mock-1.2, cov-2.0.0collected 3 items
pytest1.py::test_3 PASSED
pytest1.py::test_2 PASSED= pytest-warning summary =WC1 None pytest_funcarg__cov: declaring fixtures using “pytest_funcarg__” prefix is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0. Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead.= 1 tests deselected ========================================================================================================================================== 2 passed, 1 deselected, 1 pytest-warnings in 0.00 seconds ============================================================

Console参数介绍

-v 用于显示每个测试函数的执行结果
-q 只显示整体测试结果
-s 用于显示测试函数中print()函数输出
-x, --exitfirst, exit instantly on first error or failed test
-h 帮助

Case 1

$ pytest -v pytest1.py
============================================================================== test session starts ===============================================================================
platform linux2 – Python 2.7.14, pytest-3.0.0, py-1.5.2, pluggy-0.3.1 – /home/kevin/soft/anaconda2/bin/python
cachedir: .cache
Using --randomly-seed=1522920341
rootdir: /home/kevin/learn/python-web/tox/case2, inifile:
plugins: randomly-1.0.0, mock-1.2, cov-2.0.0
collected 3 items
pytest1.py::test_1 PASSED
pytest1.py::test_3 PASSED
pytest1.py::test_2PASSED
============================================================================= pytest-warning summary ===========WC1 None pytest_funcarg__cov: declaring fixtures using “pytest_funcarg__” prefix is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0. Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead. 3 passed, 1 pytest-warnings in 0.01 seconds ===================================================================

Case 2

$ pytest -s pytest1.py
============================================================================== test session starts ===============================================================================
platform linux2 – Python 2.7.14, pytest-3.0.0, py-1.5.2, pluggy-0.3.1
Using --randomly-seed=1522920508
rootdir: /home/kevin/learn/python-web/tox/case2, inifile:
plugins: randomly-1.0.0, mock-1.2, cov-2.0.0
collected 3 items
pytest1.py setup_function called.Test_1
called…teardown_function called.setup_module called.Test_2 called…Test_3 called…teardown_module called.============================================================================= pytest-warning summary ===========WC1 None pytest_funcarg__cov: declaring fixtures using “pytest_funcarg__” prefix is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0. Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead. 3 passed, 1 pytest-warnings in 0.01 seconds ===================================================================