【Python学习实践教程】10个Python经典项目实战，练手必备

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_84301352/article/details/138432431

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
num <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'请输入一个数字：'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> num_sqrt <span style="color:#669900">=</span> num <span style="color:#669900">**</span> <span style="color:#98c379">0.5</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">' %0.3f 的平方根为 %0.3f'</span><span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>num <span style="color:#999999">,</span>num_sqrt<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

$ python test.py
请输入一个数字：4
4.000 的平方根为 2.000

4.Python 二次方程执行以上代码输出结果为：

$ python test.py
输入 a: 1
输入 b: 5
输入 c: 6
结果为 (-3+0j) 和 (-2+0j)
该实例中，我们使用了 cmath (complex math) 模块的 sqrt() 方法来计算平方根。

5.Python 计算三角形的面积

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
a <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入三角形第一边长: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
b <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入三角形第二边长: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
c <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入三角形第三边长: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 计算半周长 </span>
s <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>a <span style="color:#669900">+</span> b <span style="color:#669900">+</span> c<span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#98c379">2</span> 
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 计算面积 </span>
area <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>s<span style="color:#669900">*</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>s<span style="color:#669900">-</span>a<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#669900">*</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>s<span style="color:#669900">-</span>b<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#669900">*</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>s<span style="color:#669900">-</span>c<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">**</span> <span style="color:#98c379">0.5</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'三角形面积为 %0.2f'</span> <span style="color:#669900">%</span>area<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

$ python test.py
输入三角形第一边长: 5
输入三角形第二边长: 6
输入三角形第三边长: 7
三角形面积为 14.70

6.Python 计算圆的面积

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># 定义一个方法来计算圆的面积 </span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">findArea</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>r<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
    PI <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#98c379">3.142</span> 
    <span style="color:#c678dd">return</span> PI <span style="color:#669900">*</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>r<span style="color:#669900">*</span>r<span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 调用方法 </span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"圆的面积为 %.6f"</span> <span style="color:#669900">%</span> findArea<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#98c379">5</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

以上实例输出结果为：

圆的面积为 78.550000

7.Python 随机数生成

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 生成 0 ~ 9 之间的随机数 </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 导入 random(随机数) 模块 </span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> random 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>random<span style="color:#999999">.</span>randint<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span><span style="color:#98c379">9</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

4

以上实例我们使用了 random 模块的 randint() 函数来生成随机数，你每次执行后都返回不同的数字（0 到 9），该函数的语法为： random.randint(a,b)

8.Python 摄氏温度转华氏温度

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 用户输入摄氏温度 </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 接收用户输入 </span>
celsius <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入摄氏温度: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 计算华氏温度 </span>
fahrenheit <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>celsius <span style="color:#669900">*</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1.8</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> <span style="color:#98c379">32</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'%0.1f 摄氏温度转为华氏温度为 %0.1f '</span> <span style="color:#669900">%</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>celsius<span style="color:#999999">,</span>fahrenheit<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

输入摄氏温度: 38 38.0
摄氏温度转为华氏温度为 100.4

以上实例中，摄氏温度转华氏温度的公式为 celsius * 1.8 = fahrenheit - 32。所以得到以下式子：

celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) / 1.8

9.Python 交换变量

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 用户输入 </span>
x <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入 x 值: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
y <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入 y 值: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 创建临时变量，并交换 </span>
temp <span style="color:#669900">=</span> x 
x <span style="color:#669900">=</span> y 
y <span style="color:#669900">=</span> temp 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'交换后 x 的值为: {}'</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>x<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'交换后 y 的值为: {}'</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>y<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

输入 x 值: 2
输入 y 值: 3
交换后 x 的值为: 3
交换后 y 的值为: 2

以上实例中，我们创建了临时变量 temp ，并将 x 的值存储在 temp 变量中，接着将 y 值赋给 x，最后将 temp 赋值给 y 变量。

不使用临时变量我们也可以不创建临时变量，用一个非常优雅的方式来交换变量：
x,y = y,x
所以以上实例就可以修改为：

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python">实例
<span style="color:#5c6370"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 用户输入</span>
x <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入 x 值: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
y <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'输入 y 值: '</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 不使用临时变量 </span>
x<span style="color:#999999">,</span>y <span style="color:#669900">=</span> y<span style="color:#999999">,</span>x 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'交换后 x 的值为: {}'</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>x<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'交换后 y 的值为: {}'</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>y<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

输入 x 值: 1
输入 y 值: 2
交换后 x 的值为: 2
交换后 y 的值为: 1

10.Python if 语句

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename : test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 用户输入数字 </span>
num <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"输入一个数字: "</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> num <span style="color:#669900">></span> <span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"正数"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">elif</span> num <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"零"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">else</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"负数"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

输入一个数字: 3
正数

我们也可以使用内嵌 if 语句来实现：

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># Filename ：test.py </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># author by : www.runoob.com </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># 内嵌 if 语句 </span>
num <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">float</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">input</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"输入一个数字: "</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> num <span style="color:#669900">>=</span> <span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> num <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
      <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"零"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">else</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
      <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"正数"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> 
<span style="color:#c678dd">else</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> 
   <span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"负数"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

执行以上代码输出结果为：

输入一个数字: 0
零

今天的十个案例就分享到这了，更多案例可以查看下方目录。如需获取可私信我，或评论区留言，我看到后会一一回复。

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