Java8设计模式最佳实战-设计模式概述（第一天学习记录）(1)-CSDN博客

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and its solution.

以及它的解决方案。

重点词汇

在前面 farther on ; fore
继承 inherit ; succeed ; carry on ; carry forward
抽象方法 abstract method
编译 compile ; translate and edit
静态 static state ; quiescent condition ; steady state ; statics
更改 change ; alter ; alteration
抽象 abstract

pattern is a great tool for designing software development, but its use needs to be

模式是设计软件开发的一个很好的工具，但是它的使用需要

analyzed to determine if the design pattern is really required in order to solve the problem.

分析以确定是否确实需要设计模式来解决问题。

The catalog of Gang of Four design patterns

四人帮设计模式分类目录

Names of design patterns need be succinct, making them easy to identify. This is because

设计模式的名称必须简洁，使其易于识别。这是因为

design patterns create a vocabulary for communicating between developers independent of

设计模式创建了一个独立于

programming language, permitting developers to identify problems and solutions only by

编程语言，允许开发人员通过

name of a design pattern.

设计模式的名称。

In design patterns, a catalog is a set of pattern names which are designed to permit a better

在设计模式中，目录是一组模式名，它们被设计成允许更好的的沟通在

communication between developers.

开发人员之间。

The catalog of GoF’s design patterns has 23 patterns, as 在shown in the preceding diagram.

GoF的设计模式目录有23个模式，如上图所示。

Here is a description of these patterns:

以下是对这些模式的描述：

Abstract Factory: This provides an interface to create objects without specifying

抽象工厂：这提供了一个接口来创建对象，而无需指定

their concrete class, making it possible to decouple the business logic and

它们的具体类，使业务逻辑和

the object creation logic. With this, we can update the object creation logic in an

对象创建逻辑。这样，我们就可以更新对象的创建逻辑

easy way.

简单点。

Adapter: This provides an interface that makes it possible for two incompatible

适配器：这提供了一个接口，使两个不兼容的

interfaces to work together. The adapter pattern works as a bridge between

接口协同工作。适配器模式在

interfaces, adapting these interfaces to work together. Furthermore, the adapter

接口，调整这些接口以协同工作。此外，适配器

can adopt a class or objects.

可以采用一个类或对象。

Bridge: This pattern decouples an abstraction from its implementation, making

桥：这个模式将抽象从它的实现中分离出来，使得

them vary independently. With this, we can modify the implementations without

它们各不相同。有了它，我们可以修改实现而不需要

impacting the abstractions and we can also modify the abstractions without

影响抽象，我们也可以在没有

impacting the implementations. The class of abstraction hides implementations

影响实施。抽象类隐藏了实现

and its complexity.

以及它的复杂性。

Builder: This pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its

Builder：此模式将分开复杂对象的构造与其

representation. With this, we can construct the objects of several representations

表现。有了它，我们就可以构造多个表示的对象

using the same process to that. Thus, we create a standard process of

用同样的方法。因此，我们创建了一个

construction of objects that have a complex process to construct.

构造一个复杂的过程。

Chain of responsibility: This pattern avoids coupling the sender and receiver of

责任链：这种模式避免了

a request creating some objects that have a chance to treat the requests. These

创建一些对象的请求，这些对象有机会处理这些请求。这些

objects create a chain of receiver objects for a sender’s request. Each object of this

对象为发送方的请求创建接收方对象链。每一个目标

chain receives the request and verifies whether or not it will treat this request.

chain接收请求并验证是否将处理此请求。

Command: This pattern encapsulates a request for an object and creates a

命令：此模式封装对对象的请求并创建

wrapper of requests containing their information about the request. With this, we

包含请求相关信息的请求包装器。有了这个，我们

can do a request to some object sending parameters without knowing about this

可以在不知道的情况下向某些对象发送参数

operation. Furthermore, the command permits us to execute an undo operation.

操作。此外，该命令允许我们执行撤消操作。

Composite: This pattern composes objects into a tree structure, which represents

复合：这个模式将对象组合成一个树结构，它表示

a part-whole hierarchy. It permits you to treat a group of objects as a single

半整体的等级制度。它允许您将一组对象视为单个对象

object.

对象。

重点词汇

decouple 分离，隔断
incompatible 不一致，不相配 ; 合不来，不能和睦相处 ; 不匹配 ; 配伍禁忌的 ; 不兼容 ; 互斥的
work together 一起工作
decouples 分离，隔断 ; decouple的第三人称单数
abstractions 抽象概念 ; 抽象 ; 出神 ; 心神专注 ; 提取 ; 抽取 ; 分离 ; abstraction的复数

Decorator: This pattern permit extends a functionality of a class with flexibility,

Decorator：此模式允许灵活地扩展类的功能，

without use subclass. It allows you to dynamically attach a new responsibility to

没有use子类。它允许您动态地为

an object.

一个物体。赋予新的责任

Facade: This hides the complexity of the system, applying a unified interface to a

Facade：这隐藏了系统的复杂性，将统一的接口应用于

set of interfaces on a subsystem. This makes the subsystem easy to use.

子系统上的一组接口。这使得子系统易于使用。

Factory Method: This defines an interface for creating an object, and the subclass

Factory方法：它定义了一个用于创建对象的接口和子类

states which class to initiate.

说明要启动哪个类。

Flyweight: This uses sharing to efficiently support a large number of finegrained objects. This pattern reduces the number of objects created.

享元：这使用共享来有效地支持大量细粒度对象。此模式可减少创建的对象数。

Interpreter: This pattern represents language grammar and uses it to interpret

解释器：这个模式代表语言语法并用它来解释

them as sentences of a language.

它们是一种语言的句子。

Iterator: This pattern provides a way to sequentially access the elements of a set

迭代器：这个模式提供了一种顺序访问集合元素的方法

of objects without knowing its underlying representation.

在不知道其基本表示形式的情况下。

Mediator: This reduces the complexity of communication by creating an object

Mediator：这通过创建一个对象来降低通信的复杂性

that encapsulates all the communication and interaction between objects.

它封装了对象之间的所有通信和交互。

Memento: This pattern captures the object’s internal states without hurting

纪念品：这个图案捕捉物体的内部状态而不会造成伤害

encapsulated concepts, with this, the state of the object can be restored by the

封装的概念，有了它，对象的状态可以通过

object. This pattern works as a backup that maintains the current state of an

对象。此模式作为一个备份来维护

object.

对象。

Observer: This defines a one-to-many dependency between objects. This means

观察者：这定义了对象之间的一对多依赖关系。这意味着

that if one object is modified, all of its dependents are automatically notified and

如果一个对象被修改，它的所有从属对象都会被自动通知，并且

updated.

更新。

Prototype: This pattern permits us to create a new object using an object or

原型：这个模式允许我们使用一个对象或

instance as a prototype. This pattern creates a copy of an object, creating a new

实例作为原型。此模式创建一个对象的副本，创建一个新的

object with the same state of the object used as a prototype.

对象的状态与用作原型的对象的状态相同。

Proxy: This pattern creates a surrogate object (proxy object) for another object

代理：此模式为另一个对象创建代理对象（代理对象）

(original object) in order to control the access to the original object.

（原始对象）以控制对原始对象的访问。

State: This permits an object to alter its behavior when its internal state changes.

状态：这允许对象在其内部状态发生变化时改变其行为。

Singleton: This ensures that a class has only one instance in the entire project,

Singleton：这确保了一个类在整个项目中只有一个实例，

and the same instance of the object is returned every time the creation process is

并且每次创建过程

performed/run.

执行/运行。

Strategy: This creates a family of algorithms, encapsulating each one and making

策略：这将创建一系列算法，封装每个算法并使

them interchangeable. This pattern permits you to change the algorithm at

它们可以互换。此模式允许您在

runtime

运行时

Template method: This defines a skeleton for an algorithm in an operation, and

模板方法：它定义了操作中算法的框架，并且

the subclass defines some steps to the algorithm. This pattern algorithm structure

子类定义了算法的一些步骤。这种模式算法结构

and the subclass redefine some steps of this algorithm without modifying its

子类在不修改算法的前提下重新定义了算法的一些步骤

structure.

结构。

Visitor: This represents an operation to be performed on an object structure. This
访问者：这表示要对对象结构执行的操作。这个
pattern permits us to add new operations to an element without modifying its
模式允许我们在不修改类情况下向元素添加新操作

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