postgresql双机热备（流复制）及主备切换_windows postgre15如何双机热备

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//删除data目录下的postmaster.pid文件

[postgres@node2 ~]$ cd /opt/pgsql/data

[postgres@node2 data]$ rm -rf postmaster.pid

//在data目录下新建recovery.conf文件

[postgres@node2 data]$ vi recovery.conf

standby_mode=‘on’

recovery_target_timeline = ‘latest’

primary_conninfo=‘host=192.168.11.70 port=5866 user=standby password=standby’

trigger_file=‘opt/pgsql/trigger_node’

启动数据库

[postgres@node2 data]$ pg_ctl start

在主节点上创建表测试

[postgrs@node1 ~]$ psql

psql (9.4.4)

Type “help” for help.

postgres=# create table a (a int);

CREATE TABLLE

postgres=# insert into a values (123);

INSERT 0 1

postgres=#select * from a ;

a

---

123

(1 rows)

在备节点上查看数据是否同步

[postgrs@node2 ~]$ psql

psql (9.4.4)

Type “help” for help.

List of relations

Schema | Name | Type | Owner

----------------±-----±------±-------

public | a | table | postgres

postgres=#select * from a ;

a

---

123

(1 rows)

数据同步，流复制配置成功！

三、主备切换

首先要把系统的网卡添加一个eth0:1的网络

方法：

[root@node1 network-scripts]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

[root@node1 network-scripts]# ls

ifcfg-eth0 ifdown ifdown-ippp ifdown-post ifdown-sit ifup-aliases ifup-ippp ifup-plip ifup-ppp ifup-tunnel net.hotplug

ifdown-bnep ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-ppp ifdown-tunnel ifup-bnep ifup-ipv6 ifup-plusb ifup-routes ifup-wireless network-functions

ifcfg-lo ifdown-eth ifdown-isdn ifdown-routes ifup ifup-eth ifup-isdn ifup-post ifup-sit init.ipv6-global network-functions-ipv6

[root@node1 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1

[root@node1 network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eth0:1

DEVICE=eth0:1 #修改名字

HWADDR=00:0c:29:a2:99:01

TYPE=Ethernet

UUID=2f2ab65e-e86d-4897-8fcd-0601f6fd7f46

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=none

IPADDR=192.168.11.40 #选择一个ip地址

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.11.0

IPV6INIT=no

USERCTL=no

重启网络服务

[root@node1 network-scripts]# service network restart

Shutting down interface eth0: Device state: 3 (disconnected)

[ OK ]

Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]

Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]

Bringing up interface eth0: Active connection state: activated

Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3

[ OK ]

[root@node1 network-scripts]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A2:99:01

inet addr:192.168.11.68 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea2:9901/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:141173 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:29124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:198747523 (189.5 MiB) TX bytes:2168654 (2.0 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A2:99:01

inet addr:192.168.11.40 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:636 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:636 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:139280 (136.0 KiB) TX bytes:139280 (136.0 KiB)

备库做同样的操作，完成后将eth0:1关闭

[root@node2 ~]# ifdown eth0:1

[root@node2 network-scripts]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A2:99:01

inet addr:192.168.11.70 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea2:9901/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:141173 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:29124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:198747523 (189.5 MiB) TX bytes:2168654 (2.0 MiB)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:636 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:636 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:139280 (136.0 KiB) TX bytes:139280 (136.0 KiB)

利用ip地址漂移实现主备切换

切换前观察ip地址情况和数据库的主备情况

ip地址：主端

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.68 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feea:af6e/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:29953 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:141299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2174739 (2.0 MiB) TX bytes:198989432 (189.7 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.40 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB) TX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB)

备端

[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.70 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feea:af6e/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:29953 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:141299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2174739 (2.0 MiB) TX bytes:198989432 (189.7 MiB)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB) TX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB)

数据库情况

主端

[postgres@node1 ~]$ pg_controldata

pg_control version number: 922

Catalog version number: 201204301

Database system identifier: 6377220794669856238

Database cluster state:
in production

pg_control last modified: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:13:29 AM CST

Latest checkpoint location: 0/12015CD0

Prior checkpoint location: 0/12015C70

Latest checkpoint’s REDO location: 0/12015CD0

Latest checkpoint’s TimeLineID: 2

Latest checkpoint’s full_page_writes: on

Latest checkpoint’s NextXID: 0/1822

Latest checkpoint’s NextOID: 16397

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiXactId: 1

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiOffset: 0

Latest checkpoint’s oldestXID: 1802

Latest checkpoint’s oldestXID’s DB: 1

Latest checkpoint’s oldestActiveXID: 0

Time of latest checkpoint: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:11:41 AM CST

Minimum recovery ending location: 0/0

Backup start location: 0/0

Backup end location: 0/0

End-of-backup record required: no

Current wal_level setting: hot_standby

Current max_connections setting: 100

Current max_prepared_xacts setting: 0

Current max_locks_per_xact setting: 64

Maximum data alignment: 8

Database block size: 8192

Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072

WAL block size: 8192

Bytes per WAL segment: 16777216

Maximum length of identifiers: 64

Maximum columns in an index: 32

Maximum size of a TOAST chunk: 1996

Date/time type storage: 64-bit integers

Float4 argument passing: by value

Float8 argument passing: by value

[postgres@node2 ~]$ pg_controldata

pg_control version number: 922

Catalog version number: 201204301

Database system identifier: 6377220794669856238

Database cluster state:
in archive recovery

pg_control last modified: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:13:09 AM CST

Latest checkpoint location: 0/12015D30

Prior checkpoint location: 0/12015C10

Latest checkpoint’s REDO location: 0/12015D30

Latest checkpoint’s TimeLineID: 3

Latest checkpoint’s full_page_writes: on

Latest checkpoint’s NextXID: 0/1822

Latest checkpoint’s NextOID: 16397

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiXactId: 1

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiOffset: 0

Latest checkpoint’s oldestXID: 1802

Latest checkpoint’s oldestXID’s DB: 1

Latest checkpoint’s oldestActiveXID: 0

Time of latest checkpoint: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:13:09 AM CST

Minimum recovery ending location: 0/0

Backup start location: 0/0

Backup end location: 0/0

End-of-backup record required: no

Current wal_level setting: hot_standby

Current max_connections setting: 100

Current max_prepared_xacts setting: 0

Current max_locks_per_xact setting: 64

Maximum data alignment: 8

Database block size: 8192

Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072

WAL block size: 8192

Bytes per WAL segment: 16777216

Maximum length of identifiers: 64

Maximum columns in an index: 32

Maximum size of a TOAST chunk: 1996

Date/time type storage: 64-bit integers

Float4 argument passing: by value

Float8 argument passing: by value

备端情况

首先，关闭主库

[postgres@node1 data]$ pg_ctl stop -m fast

[root@node1 ~]# ifdown eth0:1

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.68 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feea:af6e/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:30248 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:141525 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2199137 (2.0 MiB) TX bytes:199102358 (189.8 MiB)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:348 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:348 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:60247 (58.8 KiB) TX bytes:60247 (58.8 KiB)

备库

[root@node2 ~]# ifup eth0:1

Active connection state: activating

Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1

state: activated

Connection activated

[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.70 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feea:af6e/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:29953 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:141299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2174739 (2.0 MiB) TX bytes:198989432 (189.7 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:EA:AF:6E

inet addr:192.168.11.40 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:308 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB) TX bytes:55374 (54.0 KiB)

备库进行切换

[postgres@node2 ~]$ pg_ctl promote

server promoting

原备库状态

[highgo@node2 ~]$ pg_controldata

pg_control version number: 922

Catalog version number: 201204301

Database system identifier: 6377220794669856238

Database cluster state:
in production

pg_control last modified: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:13:09 AM CST

Latest checkpoint location: 0/12015D30

Prior checkpoint location: 0/12015C10

Latest checkpoint’s REDO location: 0/12015D30

Latest checkpoint’s TimeLineID: 3

Latest checkpoint’s full_page_writes: on

Latest checkpoint’s NextXID: 0/1822

Latest checkpoint’s NextOID: 16397

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiXactId: 1

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiOffset: 0

既有适合小白学习的零基础资料，也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程，涵盖了95%以上软件测试知识点，真正体系化！

由于文件比较多，这里只是将部分目录截图出来，全套包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、大纲路线、讲解视频，并且后续会持续更新

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取

备库状态

[highgo@node2 ~]$ pg_controldata

pg_control version number: 922

Catalog version number: 201204301

Database system identifier: 6377220794669856238

Database cluster state:
in production

pg_control last modified: Mon 23 Jan 2017 09:13:09 AM CST

Latest checkpoint location: 0/12015D30

Prior checkpoint location: 0/12015C10

Latest checkpoint’s REDO location: 0/12015D30

Latest checkpoint’s TimeLineID: 3

Latest checkpoint’s full_page_writes: on

Latest checkpoint’s NextXID: 0/1822

Latest checkpoint’s NextOID: 16397

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiXactId: 1

Latest checkpoint’s NextMultiOffset: 0

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既有适合小白学习的零基础资料，也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程，涵盖了95%以上软件测试知识点，真正体系化！

由于文件比较多，这里只是将部分目录截图出来，全套包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、大纲路线、讲解视频，并且后续会持续更新

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取