2024年最新Selenium+Python做web端自动化测试框架与实例详解教程，29岁vivo员工吐槽

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_84715997/article/details/138503846

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def open_url(self,url):
    self.driver.get(url)
    self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
# selenium 定位方法
def locate_element(self,loatetype,value):
    if (loatetype == 'id'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value)
    if (loatetype == 'name'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value)
    if (loatetype == 'class_name'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
    if (loatetype == 'tag_name'):
        el = self.driver.find_elements_by_tag_name(value)
    if (loatetype == 'link'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(value)
    if (loatetype == 'css'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(value)
    if (loatetype == 'partial_link'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value)
    if (loatetype == 'xpath'):
        el = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value)
    return el if el else None
# selenium 点击
def click(self,loatetype,value):
    self.locate_element(loatetype,value).click()
#selenium 输入
def input_data(self,loatetype,value,data):
    self.locate_element(loatetype,value).send_keys(data)
#获取定位到的指定元素
def get_text(self, loatetype, value):
    return self.locate_element(loatetype, value).text
# 获取标签属性
def get_attr(self, loatetype, value, attr):
    return self.locate_element(loatetype, value).get_attribute(attr)
# 页面截图
def sc_shot(self,id):
    for filename in os.listdir(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())) :
        if filename == 'picture':
            break
    else:
        os.mkdir(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd()) + '/picture/')
    photo = self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(project_dir +  '/picture/'
                                               + str(id) + str('_') + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S") + '.png')
    return photo
def __del__(self):
    time.sleep(2)
    self.driver.close()
    self.driver.quit()

下面介绍下，config文件主要用于读取文件中的信息：
import os,xlrd
from common.logs import MyLog
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ElementTree
mylogger = MyLog.get_log()
project_dir = os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())

def user_Add():
‘’‘excel文件中读取用户登录信息’‘’
with xlrd.open_workbook(project_dir+‘/data/test_data.xlsx’) as files:
table_user = files.sheet_by_name(‘userdata’)
try:
username = str(int(table_user.cell(1,0).value))
except:
username = str(table_user.cell(1,0).value)
try:
passwd = str(int(table_user.cell(1,1).value))
except:
passwd = str(table_user.cell(1,1).value)
try:
check = str(int(table_user.cell(1, 2).value))
except Exception:
check = str(table_user.cell(1, 2).value)
table_url = files.sheet_by_name(‘base_url’)
base_url = str(table_url.cell(1,0).value)
return (username,passwd,base_url,check)

#从xml文件中读取信息，定义全局一个字典来存取xml读出的信息

database={}
def set_read_xml():
sql_path = os.path.join(project_dir,‘data’,‘SQL.xml’)
data =ElementTree.parse(sql_path)
for db in data.findall(‘database’):
name = db.get(‘name’)
table = {}
for tb in db.getchildren():
table_name = tb.get(“name”)
sql = {}
for data in tb.getchildren():
sql_id = data.get(“id”)
sql[sql_id] = data.text
table[table_name] = sql
database[name] = table
mylogger.info(“读取的xml文件的信息%s” %database)
def get_sql_sen(database_name,table_name,sql_id):
set_read_xml()
db = database.get(database_name).get(table_name)
if db.get(sql_id):
sql = db.get(sql_id).strip()
mylogger.info(“返回sql语句信息%s” % sql)
return sql
else:
mylogger.info(“查下的信息为空,传递的参数有误！数据库名称：【%s】，表信息【%s】，查询的id【%s】”
%(database_name,table_name,sql_id))

接着介绍最简单的日志logs.py模块：

logging模块支持我们自定义封装一个新日志类

import logging,time
import os.path
class Logger(object):
def init(self, logger,cases=“./”):
self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
self.cases = cases
# 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
for filename in os.listdir(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())):
if filename == “logs”:
break
else:
os.mkdir(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())+‘/logs’)
rq = time.strftime(‘%Y%m%d%H%M’, time.localtime(time.time()))
log_path = os.path.dirname(os.getcwd()) + ‘/logs/’
log_name = log_path + rq + ‘.log’ # 文件名
# 将日志写入磁盘
fh = logging.FileHandler(log_name)
fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 定义handler的输出格式
formatter = logging.Formatter(‘%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s’)
fh.setFormatter(formatter)
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
# 给logger添加handler
self.logger.addHandler(fh)
self.logger.addHandler(ch)
def getlog(self):
return self.logger

common模块最后一个是test_runner.py这个方法主要是用来执行全部的测试用例

import time,HTMLTestRunner
import unittest
from common.config import *
project_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(file),os.pardir))
class TestRunner(object):
‘’’ 执行测试用例 ‘’’
def init(self, cases=“…/”,title=“Auto Test Report”,description=“Test case execution”):
self.cases = cases
self.title = title
self.des = description
def run(self):
for filename in os.listdir(project_dir):
if filename == “report”:
break
else:
os.mkdir(project_dir+‘/report’)
# fp = open(project_dir+“/report/” + “report.html”, ‘wb’)
now = time.strftime(“%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S”)
# fp = open(project_dir+“/report/”+“result.html”, ‘wb’)
fp = open(project_dir+“/report/”+ now +“result.html”, ‘wb’)
tests = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(self.cases,pattern=‘test*.py’,top_level_dir=None)
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp, title=self.title, description=self.des)
runner.run(tests)
fp.close()

以上就是common公共模块所有的模块，简单说下在写这些公共模块时，出现了各种问题，特别是读取xml文件的，唉！对于一个python的小白真是心酸啊！接着说下db模块的内容，db模块主要是读取sql语句以及返回对应的值！

import pymysql
import readconf
import common.config as conf
readconf_conf = readconf.Read_conf()

host = readconf_conf.get_db(“host”)
username = readconf_conf.get_db(“username”)
password = readconf_conf.get_db(“password”)
port = readconf_conf.get_db(“port”)
database = readconf_conf.get_db(“database”)
config_db = {
‘host’: str(host),
‘user’: username,
‘password’: password,
‘port’: int(port),
‘db’: database
}
class Mysql_DB():
def init(self):
‘’‘初始化数据库’‘’
self.db = None
self.cursor = None
def connect_db(self):
‘’‘创建连接数据库’‘’
try:
self.db = pymysql.connect(**config_db)
#创建游标位置
self.cursor = self.db.cursor()
# print(“链接数据库成功”)
conf.mylogger.info(“链接IP为%s的%s数据库成功” %(host,database))
except ConnectionError as ex:
conf.mylogger.error(ex)

def get_sql_result(self,sql,params,state):
    self.connect_db()
    try:
        self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
        self.db.commit()
        # return self.cursor
    except ConnectionError as ex:
        self.db.rollback()
    if state==0:
        return self.cursor.fetchone()
    else:
        return self.cursor.fetchall()