Android指纹识别，提升APP用户体验，从这里开始！

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 20:06:24 发布

2401_85384584

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 20:06:24 发布

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文章标签： android ux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_85384584/article/details/140182356

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Android 9.0 指纹识别框，系统提供：

其中指纹 icon 和取消按钮的文字颜色，由属性 colorPrimary 的颜色值决定。

指纹识别管理类

FingerprintVerifyManager 是指纹识别库的入口，对指纹识别进行管理，通过 FingerprintVerifyManager.Builder 对指纹识别进行初始化。

在这个类中，有根据手机系统版本调用不同的指纹识别 Api（FingerprintManagerCompat 或者 BiometricPrompt），其中 BiometricPrompt 支持开启或者关闭，默认关闭。

public FingerprintVerifyManager(Builder builder) {
IFingerprint fingerprint;
// >= Android P
if (AndrVersionUtil.isAboveAndrP()) {
//在 Android P 上是否展示系统提供的识别框
if (builder.enableAndroidP)
fingerprint = FingerprintAndrP.newInstance();
else
fingerprint = FingerprintAndrM.newInstance();
} else if (AndrVersionUtil.isAboveAndrM()) {// Android 6.0 =< Version
fingerprint = FingerprintAndrM.newInstance();
} else {// < Android 6.0 ，官方未开放指纹识别，某些机型自行支持的情况暂不做处理
builder.callback.onError(builder.context.getString(R.string.biometricprompt_verify_error_below_m));
return;
}

……

fingerprint.authenticate(builder.context, bean, builder.callback);
}

其中 IFingerprint 是指纹识别的接口，兼容 Android 6.0 的 FingerprintAndrM 和兼容 Android 9.0 的 FingerprintAndrP 都实现了此接口。

public interface IFingerprint {

/**

初始化并调起指纹识别
@param context
@param verificationDialogStyleBean 指纹识别框样式
@param callback 通知开发者指纹识别结果
*/
void authenticate(Activity context, VerificationDialogStyleBean verificationDialogStyleBean, FingerprintCallback callback);

}

基于Android 6.0 实现指纹识别

上文有提及，FingerprintAndrM 是基于 Android 6.0 的具体的指纹识别实现类：

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
public class FingerprintAndrM implements IFingerprint {

private final String TAG = FingerprintAndrM.class.getName();
private Activity context;

private static FingerprintAndrM fingerprintAndrM;
//指纹验证框
private static FingerprintDialog fingerprintDialog;
//指向调用者的指纹回调
private FingerprintCallback fingerprintCallback;

//用于取消扫描器的扫描动作
private CancellationSignal cancellationSignal;
//指纹加密
private static FingerprintManagerCompat.CryptoObject cryptoObject;
//Android 6.0 指纹管理
private FingerprintManagerCompat fingerprintManagerCompat;

@Override
public void authenticate(Activity context, VerificationDialogStyleBean bean, FingerprintCallback callback) {

//判断指纹识别是否可用
if (!canAuthenticate(context, callback))
return;

this.context = context;
this.fingerprintCallback = callback;
//Android 6.0 指纹管理实例化
fingerprintManagerCompat = FingerprintManagerCompat.from(context);

//取消扫描，每次取消后需要重新创建新示例
cancellationSignal = new CancellationSignal();
cancellationSignal.setOnCancelListener(() -> fingerprintDialog.dismiss());

//调起指纹验证
fingerprintManagerCompat.authenticate(cryptoObject, 0, cancellationSignal, authenticationCallback, null);
//指纹验证框
fingerprintDialog = FingerprintDialog.newInstance(context).setActionListener(dialogActionListener).setDialogStyle(bean);
fingerprintDialog.show(context.getFragmentManager(), TAG);
}

public static FingerprintAndrM newInstance() {
if (fingerprintAndrM == null) {
synchronized (FingerprintAndrM.class) {
if (fingerprintAndrM == null) {
fingerprintAndrM = new FingerprintAndrM();
}
}
}
//指纹加密，提前进行Cipher初始化，防止指纹认证时还没有初始化完成
try {
cryptoObject = new FingerprintManagerCompat.CryptoObject(new CipherHelper().createCipher());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return fingerprintAndrM;
}

/**

指纹验证框按键监听
*/
private FingerprintDialog.OnDialogActionListener dialogActionListener = new FingerprintDialog.OnDialogActionListener() {
@Override
public void onUsepwd() {
if (fingerprintCallback != null)
fingerprintCallback.onUsepwd();
}

@Override
public void onCancle() {//取消指纹验证，通知调用者
if (fingerprintCallback != null)
fingerprintCallback.onCancel();
}

@Override
public void onDismiss() {//验证框消失，取消指纹验证
if (cancellationSignal != null && !cancellationSignal.isCanceled())
cancellationSignal.cancel();
}
};

/**

指纹验证结果回调
*/
private FingerprintManagerCompat.AuthenticationCallback authenticationCallback = new FingerprintManagerCompat.AuthenticationCallback() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationError(int errMsgId, CharSequence errString) {
super.onAuthenticationError(errMsgId, errString);
fingerprintDialog.setTip(errString.toString(), R.color.biometricprompt_color_FF5555);
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationHelp(int helpMsgId, CharSequence helpString) {
super.onAuthenticationHelp(helpMsgId, helpString);
fingerprintDialog.setTip(helpString.toString(), R.color.biometricprompt_color_FF5555);
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationSucceeded(FingerprintManagerCompat.AuthenticationResult result) {
super.onAuthenticationSucceeded(result);
fingerprintDialog.setTip(context.getString(R.string.biometricprompt_verify_success), R.color.biometricprompt_color_82C785);
fingerprintCallback.onSucceeded();
fingerprintDialog.dismiss();
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailed() {
super.onAuthenticationFailed();
fingerprintDialog.setTip(context.getString(R.string.biometricprompt_verify_failed), R.color.biometricprompt_color_FF5555);
fingerprintCallback.onFailed();
}
};

在 Android Q，Google 提供了 Api BiometricManager.canAuthenticate() 用来检测指纹识别硬件是否可用及是否添加指纹
不过尚未开放，标记为"Stub"(存根)
所以暂时还是需要使用 Andorid 6.0 的 Api 进行判断
/
private boolean canAuthenticate(Context context, FingerprintCallback fingerprintCallback) {
/
硬件是否支持指纹识别
*/
if (!FingerprintManagerCompat.from(context).isHardwareDetected()) {
fingerprintCallback.onError(FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_HW_NOT_PRESENT, context.getString(R.string.biometricprompt_verify_error_no_hardware));
return false;
}
//是否已添加指纹
if (!FingerprintManagerCompat.from(context).hasEnrolledFingerprints()) {
fingerprintCallback.onNoneEnrolled();
return false;
}
return true;
}

}

这里面要重点关注 CancellationSignal 与指纹识别框的关联，也就是识别框消失，就一定要取消指纹扫描器的扫描操作，否则在超时时间内，用户将无法再次拉起指纹识别（尽管可以弹出指纹识别框）。

基于Android 9.0 实现指纹识别

上文有提及，FingerprintAndrP 是基于 Android 9.0 的具体的指纹识别实现类：

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.P)
public class FingerprintAndrP implements IFingerprint {

private static FingerprintAndrP fingerprintAndrP;
//指向调用者的指纹回调
private FingerprintCallback fingerprintCallback;

//用于取消扫描器的扫描动作
private CancellationSignal cancellationSignal;
//指纹加密
private static BiometricPrompt.CryptoObject cryptoObject;

@Override
public void authenticate(Activity context, VerificationDialogStyleBean verificationDialogStyleBean, FingerprintCallback callback) {

//判断指纹识别是否可用
if (!canAuthenticate(context, callback))
return;

this.fingerprintCallback = callback;

初始化 BiometricPrompt.Builder
*/
……

//构建 BiometricPrompt
BiometricPrompt biometricPrompt = builder.build();

//取消扫描，每次取消后需要重新创建新示例
cancellationSignal = new CancellationSignal();
cancellationSignal.setOnCancelListener(() -> {
});

拉起指纹验证模块，等待验证
Executor：
context.getMainExecutor()
*/
biometricPrompt.authenticate(cryptoObject, cancellationSignal, context.getMainExecutor(), authenticationCallback);
}

public static FingerprintAndrP newInstance() {
if (fingerprintAndrP == null) {
synchronized (FingerprintAndrM.class) {
if (fingerprintAndrP == null) {
fingerprintAndrP = new FingerprintAndrP();
}
}
}
//指纹加密，提前进行Cipher初始化，防止指纹认证时还没有初始化完成
try {
cryptoObject = new BiometricPrompt.CryptoObject(new CipherHelper().createCipher());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

return fingerprintAndrP;
}

/**

认证结果回调
*/
private BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationCallback authenticationCallback = new BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationCallback() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationError(int errorCode, CharSequence errString) {
super.onAuthenticationError(errorCode, errString);
if (fingerprintCallback != null) {
if (errorCode == 5) {//用户取消指纹验证，不必向用户抛提示信息
fingerprintCallback.onCancel();
return;
}
fingerprintCallback.onError(errorCode, errString.toString());
}
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationHelp(int helpCode, CharSequence helpString) {
super.onAuthenticationHelp(helpCode, helpString);
if (fingerprintCallback != null)
fingerprintCallback.onError(helpCode, helpString.toString());
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationSucceeded(BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationResult result) {
super.onAuthenticationSucceeded(result);
if (fingerprintCallback != null)
fingerprintCallback.onSucceeded();
}

@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailed() {
super.onAuthenticationFailed();