ServletContext对象

诺N97

于 2024-07-20 07:38:22 发布

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文章标签： servlet

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_85619378/article/details/140564413

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ServletContext对象

web容器在启动的时候,他会为每个web程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象,它代表了当前的web应用;

应用:

1. 共享数据

我在这个servlet中保存数据,可以在另外一个servlet中拿到

public class servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        
        String userName="张三";//数据

        servletContext.setAttribute("userName",userName);//将一个数据保存在ServletContext中,名字为userName,值为userName

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

public class getServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        //响应
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        String userName = (String)servletContext.getAttribute("userName");

        response.getWriter().write("名字:"+userName);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.servlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.getServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

2.获取初始化参数

public class servletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        String url = servletContext.getInitParameter("url");
        response.getWriter().write(url);


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

        <!--配置一些web的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc::mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>url</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.servletDemo1</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>url</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

3.请求转发

请求转发和重定向的区别

请求转发：

public class servletDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        
       /* RequestDispatcher path = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/url");//转发的请求路径
        path.forward(request,response);//forward实现转发*/
        servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/url").forward(request,response);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

public class servletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        String url = servletContext.getInitParameter("url");
        response.getWriter().write(url);


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

 <!--配置一些web的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc::mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>url</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.servletDemo1</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>url</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>servletDemo2</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.servletDemo2</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>servletDemo2</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ss</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

4.读取资源文件

4.1认识Properties

Properties

方式1：在resources目录下新建Properties
方式2：在java目录下新建Properties

发现：都被打包到了同一个路径下：classes,我们俗称这个路径为classpath;

我们正常都用方式1

方式1：

方式2：

问题：配置文件无法被导出

问题：方式2遇到配置文件无法被导出的问题

问题原因：maven由于他的约定大于配置，我们之后可能遇到我们写的配置文件无法被导出或者生效的问题

解决：在maven中添加build,更新maven

<!--  在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>

解决后：

4.2读取资源文件实现：

思路：需要一个文件流

打成war包：完整路径

/WEB-INF/classes/com/chang/db.properties

db.properties

username=root
password=123456

servlet

public class servletDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/com/chang/db.properties");

        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.load(is);

        String name = prop.getProperty("username");
        String pwd = prop.getProperty("password");

        response.getWriter().write(name+":"+pwd);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

     <servlet>
        <servlet-name>servletDemo4</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.chang.servletDemo4</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>servletDemo4</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ss4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

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ServletContext对象

web容器在启动的时候,他会为每个web程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象,它代表了当前的web应用;问题原因：maven由于他的约定大于配置，我们之后可能遇到我们写的配置文件无法被导出或者生效的问题。发现：都被打包到了同一个路径下：classes,我们俗称这个路径为classpath;我在这个servlet中保存数据,可以在另外一个servlet中拿到。解决：在maven中添加build,方式2遇到配置文件无法被导出的问题。思路：需要一个文件流。
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