第一步,通过 MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE 启动相机,并指定 MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT ,intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mFile)); 传入我们的URI,这样,最终返回的信息会存储在我们的mFile中。
private void startCameraWithHighBitmap() {
//确定存储拍照得到的图片文件路径
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
mFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
getName());
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, “请插入sd卡”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
try {
mFile.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
//加载Uri型的文件路径
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mFile));
//向onActivityResult发送intent,requestCode为INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_CAPTURE2
startActivityForResult(intent, INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_CAPTURE2);
}
第二步:在onActivityResult进行处理,并对图片进行相应的压缩,防止在大图片的情况下发生OOM
case INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_CAPTURE2:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Bitmap bitmap = ImageZip.decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(mFile.getAbsolutePath(),
mWidth, mHeight);
mIv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
break;
public static Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(String pathName, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeFile(pathName, options);
options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
Bitmap src = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(pathName, options);
// return createScaleBitmap(src, reqWidth, reqHeight, options.inSampleSize);
return src;
}
private static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// 源图片的高度和宽度
final int height = options.outHeight;
final int width = options.outWidth;
int inSampleSize = 1;
if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
final int halfHeight = height / 2;
final int halfWidth = width / 2;
// Calculate the largest inSampleSize value that is a power of 2 and keeps both
// height and width larger than the requested height and width.
while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {
inSampleSize *= 2;
}
}
return inSampleSize;
}
两种方法的区别
第一种方法获取的bitmap是被缩放的bitmap,第二种方法获取的bitmap是完整的bitmap,实际使用中根据需求情况决定使用哪一种方法。
怎样启动相册获取我们想要的图片
第一步,通过 Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT 这个Intent,并设置相应的type,启动相册。
Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT, null);
i.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, “image/*”);
startActivityForResult(i, INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_GALLERY1);
第二步,在onActivityResult中对返回的uri数据进行处理
- 需要注意的是:这里我们需要注意是不是MIUI系统,如果不是MIUI系统,我们只需要进行一下处理,就OK了
private void setPhotoForNormalSystem(Intent data) {
String filePath = getRealPathFromURI(data.getData());
Bitmap bitmap = ImageZip.decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(filePath, mWidth, mHeight);
mIv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
/**
-
解析Intent.getdata()得到的uri为String型的filePath
-
@param contentUri
-
@return
*/
public String getRealPathFromURI(Uri contentUri) {
String[] proj = {MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA};
Cursor cursor = managedQuery(contentUri, proj, null, null, null);
int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA);
cursor.moveToFirst();
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
- 如果是MIUI系统,我们需要进行一下处理
private void setPhotoForMiuiSystem(Intent data) {
Uri localUri = data.getData();
String scheme = localUri.getScheme();
String imagePath = “”;
if (“content”.equals(scheme)) {
String[] filePathColumns = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(localUri, filePathColumns, null, null, null);
c.moveToFirst();
int columnIndex = c.getColumnIndex(filePathColumns[0]);
imagePath = c.getString(columnIndex);
c.close();
} else if (“file”.equals(scheme)) {//小米4选择云相册中的图片是根据此方法获得路径
imagePath = localUri.getPath();
}
Bitmap bitmap = ImageZip.decodeSampledBitmapFromFile(imagePath, mWidth, mHeight);
mIv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
在代码中的体现如下,即判断是否是MIUI系统,对于不同的系统采用不同的方法
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
return;
}
switch (requestCode) {
case INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_GALLERY1:
if (SystemUtils.isMIUI()) {
setPhotoForMiuiSystem(data);
} else {
setPhotoForNormalSystem(data);
}
break;
}
}
Android6.0动态权限管理
我们知道在Android6.0以上的系统,有一些权限需要动态授予
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
我们这里容易 得知读取相机需要的权限有,写sd卡权限,读取camera权限,这两个权限都需要动态授予。
这里我们以检查是否授予camera权限为例子讲解
第一步,在启动相机的时候检查时候已经授予camera权限,没有的话 ,请求camera权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//还没有授予权限
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
Toast.makeText(this, “您已禁止该权限,需要重新开启。”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{permission},
request_camera2);
}
}else{// 已经授予权限
startCameraWithHighBitmap();
}
private void startCameraWithHighBitmap() {
//确定存储拍照得到的图片文件路径
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
mFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
getName());
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, “请插入sd卡”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
try {
mFile.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
//加载Uri型的文件路径
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mFile));
//向onActivityResult发送intent,requestCode为INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_CAPTURE2
startActivityForResult(intent, INTENT_CODE_IMAGE_CAPTURE2);
}
第二步:重写onRequestPermissionsResult方法,判断是否授权成功,成功的话启动相机,核心代码如下。
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
switch (requestCode) {
case request_camera2:
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
startCameraWithHighBitmap();
} else {
// Permission Denied
Toast.makeText(this, “Permission Denied”, Toast
.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
}
}
至于检查sd卡写权限的,这里不再阐述,有兴趣的话,可以下载源码看一下。
关于Android6.0动态获取权限的,可以参考这一篇博客在Android 6.0 设备上动态获取权限
调用系统Intent和自定义相册的优缺点对比
调用系统Intent启动相册
优点: 代码简洁
缺点:对于不同的手机厂商,room往往被修改了,有时候调用系统的Intent,会有一些一项不到的bug, 不能实现多张图片的选择
自定义相册
优点: 实现的样式可以自己定制,可以实现多张图片的选择等