pytest自动化测试框架pytest.ini配置文件详细

前言

pytest配置文件可以改变pytest的运行方式，它是一个固定的文件pytest.ini文件，读取配置信息，按指定的方式去运行

非test文件
pytest里面有些文件是非test文件
pytest.ini：pytest的主配置文件，可以改变pytest的默认行为
conftest.py：测试用例的一些fixture配置
init.py：识别该文件夹为python的package包

查看pytest.ini的配置选项
cmd执行

pytest --help

找到这部分内容

[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:


markers (linelist): markers for test functions

empty_parameter_set_mark (string):

default marker for empty parametersets

norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion

testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line.

usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project

python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery

python_classes (args):

prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery

python_functions (args):

prefixes or glob names for Python test function and method discovery

disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool):

disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own

risk)

console_output_style (string):

console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) |

"count").

xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False)

enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):

Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache

files.

junit_suite_name (string):

Test suite name for JUnit report

junit_logging (string):

Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all

junit_log_passing_tests (bool):

Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report:

junit_duration_report (string):

Duration time to report: one of total|call

junit_family (string):

Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2

doctest_optionflags (args):

option flags for doctests

doctest_encoding (string):

encoding used for doctest files

cache_dir (string): cache directory path.

filterwarnings (linelist):

Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings.

log_print (bool): default value for --no-print-logs

log_level (string): default value for --log-level

log_format (string): default value for --log-format

log_date_format (string):

default value for --log-date-format

log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").

log_cli_level (string):

default value for --log-cli-level

log_cli_format (string):

default value for --log-cli-format

log_cli_date_format (string):

default value for --log-cli-date-format

log_file (string): default value for --log-file

log_file_level (string):

default value for --log-file-level

log_file_format (string):

default value for --log-file-format

log_file_date_format (string):

default value for --log-file-date-format

log_auto_indent (string):

default value for --log-auto-indent

faulthandler_timeout (string):

Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not

available on Windows.

addopts (args): extra command line options

minversion (string): minimally required pytest version

rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote distributed testing.

rsyncignore (pathlist):

list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for rsyncing.

looponfailroots (pathlist):

directories to check for changes

pytest.ini应该放哪里？
就放在项目根目录下 ，不要乱放，不要乱起其他名字

常用的配置项

marks

作用：测试用例中添加了 @pytest.mark.webtest 装饰器，如果不添加marks选项的话，就会报warnings

格式：list列表类型
写法：

[pytest]

markers =

weibo: this is weibo page

toutiao: toutiao

xinlang: xinlang

xfail_strict

作用：设置xfail_strict = True可以让那些标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过显示XPASS的测试用例被报告为失败

格式：True 、False（默认），1、0

写法：

[pytest]


# mark标记说明

markers =

weibo: this is weibo page

toutiao: toutiao

xinlang: xinlang


xfail_strict = True

具体代码例子
未设置 xfail_strict = True 时，测试结果显示XPASS

@pytest.mark.xfail()

def test_case1():

a = "a"

b = "b"

assert a != b

collecting ... collected 1 item


02断言异常.py::test_case1 XPASS [100%]


============================= 1 xpassed in 0.02s ==============================

已设置 xfail_strict = True 时，测试结果显示failed

collecting ... collected 1 item


02断言异常.py::test_case1 FAILED [100%]

02断言异常.py:54 (test_case1)

[XPASS(strict)]


================================== FAILURES ===================================

_________________________________ test_case1 __________________________________

[XPASS(strict)]

=========================== short test summary info ===========================

FAILED 02断言异常.py::test_case1

============================== 1 failed in 0.02s ==============================

addopts

作用：addopts参数可以更改默认命令行选项，这个当我们在cmd输入一堆指令去执行用例的时候，就可以用该参数代替了，省去重复性的敲命令工作

比如：想测试完生成报告，失败重跑两次，一共运行两次，通过分布式去测试，如果在cmd中写的话，命令会很长

pytest -v --rerun=2 --count=2 --html=report.html --self-contained-html -n=auto

每次都这样敲不太现实，addopts就可以完美解决这个问题

[pytest]


# mark

markers =

weibo: this is weibo page

toutiao: toutiao

xinlang: xinlang


xfail_strict = True


# 命令行参数

addopts = -v --reruns=1 --count=2 --html=reports.html --self-contained-html -n=auto

加了addopts之后，我们在cmd中只需要敲pytest就可以生效了。

norecursedirs

作用：pytest 收集测试用例时，会递归遍历所有子目录，包括某些你明知道没必要遍历的目录，遇到这种情况，可以使用 norecursedirs 参数简化 pytest 的搜索工作。

默认设置：

norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg 

正确写法：多个路径用空格隔开

[pytest]


norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg venv src resources log report util

更改测试用例收集规则：

pytest默认的测试用例收集规则
文件名以 test_*.py 文件和 *test.py
以 test 开头的函数
以 Test 开头的类，不能包含 init 方法
以 test_ 开头的类里面的方法

我们是可以修改或者添加这个用例收集规则的；当然，是建议在原有的规则上添加的，如下配置

[pytest]


python_files = test_* *_test test*

python_classes = Test* test*

python_functions = test_* test*

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