| %U | Week number of the year starting from Sunday (00-53) | 12 |
| %w | Weekday number of the week | Monday (1) |
| %W | Week number of the year starting from Monday (00-53) | 34 |
| %x | Local date | 06/07/22 |
| %X | Local time | 12:30:45 |
| %y | Year (short version) | 22 |
| %Y | Year (full version) | 2022 |
| %z | UTC offset | +0100 |
| %Z | Timezone | CST |
| %% | % Character | % |
struct_time 类具有以下属性:
Attribute | Value |
---|---|
tm_year | 0000, …, 2019, …, 9999 |
tm_mon | 1-12 |
tm_mday | 1-31 |
tm_hour | 0-23 |
tm_min | 0-59 |
tm_sec | 0-61 |
tm_wday | 0-6 (Monday is 0) |
tm_yday | 1-366 |
tm_isdst | 0, 1, -1 (daylight savings time, -1 when unknown) |
现在让我们看几个 time
模块的例子
使用time
模块查找日期和时间
使用上表中描述的内置函数和格式化代码,可以在 Python 中轻松获取日期和时间。
import time
#time
a=time.time() #total seconds since epoch
print("Seconds since epoch :",a,end='n----------n')
#ctime
print("Current date and time:")
print(time.ctime(a),end='n----------n')
#sleep
time.sleep(1) #execution will be delayed by one second
#localtime
print("Local time :")
print(time.localtime(a),end='n----------n')
#gmtime
print("Local time in UTC format :")
print(time.gmtime(a),end='n-----------n')
#mktime
b=(2019,8,6,10,40,34,1,218,0)
print("Current Time in seconds :")
print( time.mktime(b),end='n----------n')
#asctime
print("Current Time in local format :")
print( time.asctime(b),end='n----------n')
#strftime
c = time.localtime() # get struct\_time
d = time.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S", c)
print("String representing date and time:")
print(d,end='n----------n')
#strptime
print("time.strptime parses string and returns it in struct\_time format :n")
e = "06 AUGUST, 2019"
f = time.strptime(e, "%d %B, %Y")
print(f)
Output:
Seconds since epoch : 1565070251.7134922
———-
Current date and time:
Tue Aug 6 11:14:11 2019
———-
Local time :
time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=6, tm_hour=11, tm_min=14, tm_sec=11, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=218, tm_isdst=0)
———-
Local time in UTC format :
time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=6, tm_hour=5, tm_min=44, tm_sec=11, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=218, tm_isdst=0)
———–
Current Time in seconds :
1565068234.0
———-
Current Time in local format :
Tue Aug 6 10:40:34 2019
———-
String representing date and time:
08/06/2019, 11:14:12
———-
time.strptime parses string and returns it in struct_time format :
time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=6, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=218, tm_isdst=-1)
datetime 模块
与time
模块类似,datetime
模块包含处理日期和时间所必需的所有方法。
内置功能:
下表介绍了本模块中的一些重要功能:
function | Description |
---|---|
datetime() | datetime 的构造函数 |
datetime.today() | 返回当前本地日期和时间 |
datetime.now() | 返回当前本地日期和时间 |
date() | 以年、月、日为参数,创建相应的日期 |
time() | 以小时、分钟、秒、微秒和tzinfo作为参数,并创建相应的日期 |
date.fromtimestamp() | 转换秒数以返回相应的日期和时间 |
timedelta() | 它是不同日期或时间之间的差异(持续时间) |
使用 datetime
查找日期和时间
现在,让我们尝试实现这些函数,以使用datetime
模块在 Python 中查找日期和时间。
import datetime
#datetime constructor
print("Datetime constructor:n")
print(datetime.datetime(2019,5,3,8,45,30,234),end='n----------n')
#today
print("The current date and time using today :n")
print(datetime.datetime.today(),end='n----------n')
#now
print("The current date and time using today :n")
print(datetime.datetime.now(),end='n----------n')
#date
print("Setting date :n")
print(datetime.date(2019,11,7),end='n----------n')
#time
print("Setting time :n")
print(datetime.time(6,30,23),end='n----------n')
#date.fromtimestamp
print("Converting seconds to date and time:n")
print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(23456789),end='n----------n')
#timedelta
b1=datetime.timedelta(days=30, seconds=0, microseconds=0, milliseconds=0, minutes=0, hours=4, weeks=8)
b2=datetime.timedelta(days=3, seconds=0, microseconds=0, milliseconds=0, minutes=0, hours=4, weeks=8)
b3=b2-b1
print(type(b3))
print("The resultant duration = ",b3,end='n----------n')
#attributes
a=datetime.datetime.now() #1
print(a)
print("The year is :",a.year)
print("Hours :",a.hour)
Output:
Datetime constructor:
2019-05-03 08:45:30.000234
———-
The current date and time using today :
2019-08-06 13:09:56.651691
———-
The current date and time using today :
2019-08-06 13:09:56.651691
———-
Setting date :
2019-11-07
———-
Setting time :
06:30:23
———-
Converting seconds to date and time:
1970-09-29
———-