以c primer plus(第六版）为大纲的C语言初学手记，含示例代码及编程练习（第五章）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-17 21:05:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-17 21:05:59 发布

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// chapter 5
//example 5.1
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define ADJUST 7.31
//int main(void)
//{
//   const double SCALE=0.333;
//   double shoe,foot;
//   shoe = 9.0;
//   foot = SCALE*shoe+ADJUST;
//   printf("Shoe size (men's) foot length\n");
//   printf("%10.1f %15.2f inches\n",shoe,foot);
//   return 0;
//
//}

//example 5.2
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define ADJUST 7.31
//int main(void)
//{
//   const double SCALE = 0.333;
//   double shoe,foot;
//   printf("Shoe size (men's) foot length\n");
//   shoe=3.0;
//   while (shoe<18.5) //without";" true or false?
//   {
//       foot=SCALE*shoe+ADJUST;
//       printf("%10.1f %15.2f inches\n",shoe,foot);
//       shoe = shoe+1.0;
//   } //true
//   printf("If the shoe fits,wear it.\n"); //false
//   return 0;
//}

//5.2.1"="
//assignment is performed from right to left

//example5.3
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int jane,tarzan,cheeta;
//   cheeta=tarzan=jane=68;
//   printf("           cheeta   tarzan   jane\n");
//   printf("Firest round score %4d %8d %8d\n",cheeta,tarzan,jane);
//   return 0;
//}

//example 5.4
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int num=1;
//   while (num<21)
//   {
//       printf("%4d %6d\n",num,num*num);
//       num=num+1;
//
//   }
//   return 0;
//}

try5.5
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int n;
//   double grain,total;
//   n=1;
//   grain=1;
//   total=1;
//   printf("n   new       total\n");
//   while (n<65)
//   {
//       printf("%d %10.2e %13.2e\n",n,grain,total);
//       n=n+1;
//       grain=grain*2;
//       total=total+grain;
//
//
//   }
//   return 0;
//}
//example5.5
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define SQUARES 64 // 棋盘中的方格数
//int main(void)
//{
//const double CROP = 2E16; // 世界小麦年产谷粒数
//double current, total;
//int count = 1;
//printf("square grains total ");
//printf("fraction of \n");
//printf(" added grains ");
//printf("world total\n");
//total = current = 1.0; /* 从1颗谷粒开始 */
//printf("%4d %13.2e %12.2e %12.2e\n", count, current,
//total, total / CROP);
//while (count < SQUARES)
//{
//253
//count = count + 1;
//current = 2.0 * current; /* 下一个方格谷粒翻倍 */
//total = total + current; /* 更新总数 */
//printf("%4d %13.2e %12.2e %12.2e\n", count, current,
//total, total / CROP);
//}
//printf("That's all.\n");
//return 0;
//}

//example 5.6
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   printf("integer division: 5/4 is %d \n",5/4);
//   printf("integer division: 6/3 is %d \n",6/3);
//   printf("integer division: 7/4 is %d \n", 7 / 4);
//   printf("floating division: 7./4. is %1.2f \n", 7. / 4.);
//   printf("mixed division: 7./4 is %1.2f \n", 7. / 4);
//   return 0;
//}

//example5.7
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int top,score;
//   top=score=-(2+5)*6+(4+3*(2+3));
//   printf("top=%d,score=%d\n",top,score);
//   return 0;
//}

//example5.8
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int n=0;
//   size_t intsize;
//   intsize = sizeof (int);
//   printf("n=%d,n has %zd bytes;all ints have %zd bytes.\n",n,sizeof n,intsize);
//   return 0;
//}

//to creat an alia for existing types:
//typedef double real

//%
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define SEC_PER_MIN 60
//int main(void)
//{
//   int sec,min,left;
//   printf("Convert seconds to mintutes and seconds!\n");
//   printf("Enter the number of seconds (<=0 to quit):\n");
//   scanf("%d",&sec);
//   while (sec>0)
//   {
//       min=sec/SEC_PER_MIN;
//       left=sec%SEC_PER_MIN;
//       printf("%d seconds is %d minutes,%d seconds.\n",sec,min,left);
//       printf("Enter next value (<=0 to quit):\n");
//       scanf("%d",&sec);
//   }
//   printf("Done!\n");
//   return 0;
//}

//++
//example 5.3.3
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int ultra=0,super=0;
//   while (super<5)
//   {
//       super++;
//       ++ultra;
//       printf("super=%d,ultra=%d \n",super,ultra);
//
//   }
//   return 0;
//}

//example 5.2
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define ADJUST 7.31
//int main(void)
//{
//   const double SCALE = 0.333;
//   double shoe,foot;
//   printf("Shoe size (men's) foot length\n");
//   shoe=2.0;
//   while (++shoe<18.5) //without";" true or false?
//   {
//       foot=SCALE*shoe+ADJUST;
//       printf("%10.1f %15.2f inches\n",shoe,foot);
//   } //true
//   printf("If the shoe fits,wear it.\n"); //false
//   return 0;
//}

//example5.11
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int a=1,b=1;
//   int a_post,pre_b;
//   a_post=a++;
//   pre_b=++b;
//   printf("a   a_post   b   pre_b   \n");
//   printf("%ld   %5d   %5d   %5d \n",a,a_post,b,pre_b);
//
//   return 0;
//}

/*a_post = a++; // 后缀：使用a的值赋值后，递增a
b_pre= ++b; // 前缀：使用b的值赋值前，递增b */

//--
//example 5.12
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define MAX 100
//int main(void)
//{
//   int count = MAX+1;
//   while (--count > 0)
//   {
//       printf("%d bottles of spring water on the wall,"
//"%d bottles of spring water!\n",count,count);
//       printf("Take one down and pass it around,\n");
//       printf("%d bottles of spring water!\n\n",count-1);
//   }
//   return 0;
// }

//examole5.13
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int count,sum;
//   count=0;
//   sum=0;
//   while (++count<21)
//   {
//       sum=count+sum;
//   }
//   printf("sum = %d",sum);
//   return 0;
//}

//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void) /* 计算前20个整数的和 */
//{
//int count, sum; /* 声明[1] */
//count = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//sum = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//while (count++ < 20) /* 迭代语句 */
//sum = sum + count;
//printf("sum = %d\n", sum); /* 表达式语句[2] */
//return 0; /* 跳转语句 */
//}

//？？？5.5
//example 5.14
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   char ch;
//   int i;
//   float fl;
//   fl=i=ch='C';
//   printf("ch=%c,i=%d,fl=%2.2f\n",ch,i,fl);
//   ch=ch+1;
//   i=fl+2*ch;
//   fl=2.0*ch+i;
//   printf("ch=%c,i=%d,fl=%2.2f\n",ch,i,fl);
//   ch=1107;
//   printf("Now ch = %c\n",ch);
//   ch=80.89;
//   printf("Now ch = %c\n",ch);
//   return 0;
//}
//

//example 5.15
//#include <stdio.h>
//void pound(int n); //define a function with parameters
//int main(void)
//{
//   int times=5;
//   char ch='!';
//   float f = 6.0f;
//   pound(times);
//   pound(ch);
//   pound(f);
//   return 0;
//}
//void pound(int n)
//{
//   while (n-->0)
//   printf("#");
//   printf("\n");
//
//}

//对于actual argument或actual parameter使用术语argument（译为实参）；
//对于formal argument或formal parameter使用术语parameter（译为形参）。

//example 5.16
//#include <stdio.h>
//const int S_PER_M = 60;
//const int S_PER_H = 3600;
//const double M_PER_K = 0.62137;
//int main(void)
//{
//   double distk,distm;
//   double rate;
//   int min,sec;
//   int time;
//   double mtime;
//   int mmin,msec;
//   printf("This program converts your time for a metric race\n");
//   printf("to a time for running a mile and to your average\n");
//   printf("speed in miles per hour.\n");
//   printf("Please enter,in kilometers,the distance run.\n");
//   scanf("%lf",&distk);// %lf表示读取一个double类型的值
//   printf("Next enter the time in minutes and seconds.\n");
//   printf("Begin by entering the minutes.\n");
//   scanf("%d", &min);
//   printf("Now enter the seconds.\n");
//   scanf("%d", &sec);
//   time = S_PER_M * min + sec; // 把时间转换成秒
//   distm = M_PER_K * distk; // 把公里转换成英里
//   rate = distm / time * S_PER_H; // 英里/秒×秒/小时 = 英里/小时
//   mtime = (double) time / distm; // 时间/距离 = 跑1英里所用的时间
//   mmin = (int) mtime / S_PER_M; // 求出分钟数
//   msec = (int) mtime % S_PER_M; // 求出剩余的秒数
//   printf("You ran %1.2f km (%1.2f miles) in %d min, %d sec.\n",
//distk, distm, min, sec);
//   printf("That pace corresponds to running a mile in %d min, ",mmin);
//   printf("%d sec.\nYour average speed was %1.2f mph.\n", msec,rate);
//   return 0;
//}

/*exercise
1.
30,108,1,9
2.
6,52,0,13
3.
37.5,1.5,35,37,37.5,1.4
4.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   int i=1;
   float n;
   printf("Watch out!Here come a bunch of fractions!\n");
   while (i++<30)
   {
       n=1.0/i;
       printf("%f\n",n);
   }
   printf("That's all,folks!\n");
   return 0;
}

5.
sec 无初始值；sec 最后的“0”值也会被打印
6.
#include <stdio.h>
#define FORMAT "%s! C is cool!\n"
int main(void)
{
int num = 10;
printf(FORMAT,FORMAT);
printf("%d\n", ++num);
printf("%d\n", num++);
printf("%d\n", num--);
printf("%d\n", num);
return 0;
}

结果：
%s! C is cool!
! C is cool! //悟到这一条的妙处了吗，写成这样会更明显：
//printf("%s! C is cool!\n",FORMAT);
11
11
12
11

7.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char c1, c2;
int diff;
float num;
c1 = 'S';
c2 = 'O';
diff = c1 - c2;
num = diff;
printf("%c%c%c:%d %3.2f\n", c1, c2, c1, diff, num);
return 0;
}

result:
SOS:4 4.00

8.
#include <stdio.h>
#define TEN 10
int main(void)
{
int n = 0;
while (n++ < TEN)
printf("%5d", n);
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

result:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

9.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char n='a';
while (n <= 'g')
printf("%5c", n++);
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

10.
   1   2;
   101
   102
   103
   104;
   stuvw;

11.
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
COMPUTER BYTES DOG
...

12.
x=x+10;
x=x+1;
c=a+b;
c=(a+b)*2;

13.
x=x-1;
m=n%k;
p=q/b-a;
x=(a+b) / (c*d); */

//exercise 5.11
//1
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define M 60
//int main(void)
//{
//   int m,th,tm;
//   printf("Please input the minutes:(0 to exit)\n");
//   scanf("%d",&m);
//
//   while (m)
//   {
//       th=m/M;
//       tm=m%M;
//       printf("%d minutes are equal to %d hours and %d minutes.\n",m,th,tm);
//       printf("Please input the minutes:(0 to exit)\n");
//       scanf("%d",&m);
//   }
//   printf("Bye!");
//   return 0;
//}

//2
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int n,m;
//   printf("Please input a integer.(0 to exit)\n");
//   scanf("%d",&n);
//   while (n)
//   {
//
//   m=n+10;
//   while (n<=m)
//   {
//       printf("%d\n",n);
//       n++;
//   }
//
//   printf("Please input a integer.(0 to exit)\n");
//   scanf("%d",&n);
//
//   }
//   printf("Down!");
//   return 0;
//}

3
//#include <stdio.h>
//#define W 60
//int main(void)
//{
//   int d,tw,td;
//   printf("Please input the days:(0 to exit)\n");
//   scanf("%d",&d);
//
//   while (d>0)
//   {
//       tw=d/7;
//       td=d%7;
//       printf("%d minutes are %d weeks,%d days.\n",d,tw,td);
//       printf("Please input the days:(0 to exit)\n");
//       scanf("%d",&d);
//   }
//   printf("Bye!");
//   return 0;
//}

//4
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   float h;
//   float inch;
//   int ft;
//   printf("Enter a height in centimeters:");
//   scanf("%f",&h);
//   while (h>0)
//   {
//   inch=h/2.54;
//   ft=inch/12;
//   inch=inch-12*ft;
//   printf("%.1f cm = %d feet,%.1f inches.\n",h,ft,inch);
//   printf("Enter a height in centimeters (<=0 to quit):");
//   scanf("%f",&h);
//
//   }
//   printf("bye");
//   return 0;
//}

//5
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void) /* 计算前20个整数的和 */
//{
//int count, sum; /* 声明[1] */
//int n;
//count = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//sum = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//printf("Please enter days.");
//scanf("%d",&n);
//while (n>0)
//{
//
//while (count++ < n) /* 迭代语句 */
//sum = sum + count;
//printf("sum = %d\n", sum); /* 表达式语句[2] */
//printf("Please enter days.");
//scanf("%d",&n);
//}
//return 0; /* 跳转语句 */
//}

//6
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//int count, sum; /* 声明[1] */
//int n;
//printf("Please enter days.");
//scanf("%d",&n);
//while (n>0)
//{
//   count = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//   sum = 0; /* 表达式语句 */
//while (count++ < n) /* 迭代语句 */
//{
//sum = sum + count*count;
// /* 表达式语句[2] */
//}
//   printf("sum = %d\n", sum);
//   printf("Please enter days.");
//   scanf("%d",&n);
//}
//return 0; /* 跳转语句 */
//}

//7
//#include <stdio.h>
//void cube(double x);
//int main(void)
//{
//   double n;
//   printf("Please input a number:\n");
//   scanf("%lf",&n);
//   while (n)
//   {
//   cube(n);
//   printf("Please input a number:\n");
//   scanf("%lf",&n);
//   }
//   printf("bye");
//   return 0;
//}
//
//void cube(double x)
//{
//   printf("The cube of %g is %g.\n", x, x * x * x);
//}

//8
//#include <stdio.h>
//int main(void)
//{
//   int m,n;
//   printf("This program computes moduli.\n");
//   printf("Enter an integer to serve as the second operand:");
//   scanf("%d",&n);
//   printf("Now enter the first operand:");
//   scanf("%d",&m);
//   printf("%d %% %d is %d\n",m,n,m%n);
//   while (m)
//   {
//       printf("Enter next number for first operand (<= 0 to quit):");
//       scanf("%d",&m);
//       printf("%d %% %d is %d\n",m,n,m%n);
//
//   }
//   printf("Done");
//   return 0;
//}

//9 类构思废弃
//#include <stdio.h>
//void Temperatures(double x)
//int main(void)
//{
//   double Ft;
//   printf("Please input the temperature in F:");
//   scanf("%lf",Ft);
//   while (Ft)
//   {
//   Temperatures(Ft);
//   printf("Please input the temperature in F:");
//   scanf("%lf",Ft);
//
//   }
//
//   return 0;
//}
//
//void Temperatures(double x)
//{
//   const K_F 273.16;
//
//}

//9 正解。
//#include <stdio.h>
//
//void Temperatures(double fahrenheit);
//
//int main(void) {
// double input;
//
// // 提示用户输入一个华氏温度
// printf("Enter a number of fahrenheit temperature:");
// // 判断用户输入的数字是否为q或非数字
// while (scanf("%lf", &input) == 1) {
// // 打印温度转换结果
// Temperatures(input);
// // 提示用户再次输入
// printf("Enter next fahrenheit temperature value (q or non-numeric to quit):");
// }
// printf("Done\n");
// return 0;
//}
//
//void Temperatures(double fahrenheit) {
// // 摄氏温度转换开氏温度的变量
// const double celsius_to_kelvin = 273.16;
// // 华氏温度转换摄氏温度的变量
// const double fahrenheit_to_celsius = 32.0;
//
// double celsius, kelvin;
// // 计算华氏温度转换成摄氏温度
// celsius = 5.0 / 9.0 * (fahrenheit - fahrenheit_to_celsius);
// // 计算开氏温度转换成摄氏温度
// kelvin = celsius + celsius_to_kelvin;
//
// // 打印3个温度值
// printf("%.2f. fahrenheit = %.2f celsius, and %.2f kelvin\n", fahrenheit, celsius, kelvin);
//}