pom
tk.mapper
mapper-spring-boot-starter
${mapper.starter.version}
mysql
mysql-connector-java
${mysql.version}
org.projectlombok
lombok
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
2、创建服务提供者
我们新建一个项目,对外提供查询用户的服务
(1)创建module
选中父工程:cloud-demo
(2)完善pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0”
xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>
cloud-demo
com.itzheng.demo
1.0.0-SNAPSHOT
4.0.0
user-service
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
mysql
mysql-connector-java
tk.mybatis
mapper-spring-boot-starter
2.0.3
3、创建服务提供者:编写代码
(1)属性文件:这里我们采用了yaml语法,而不是properties
server:
port: 8082
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itzheng
username: root
password: root
mybatis:
type-aliases-package: com.itzheng.user.pojo
(2)创建对应的包结构
(3)创建启动类
package com.itzheng;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(“com.itzheng.user.mapper”)
public class UserApplication {
}
(4)创建com.itzheng.user.mapper包
(5)完善UserApplication类
package com.itzheng;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(“com.itzheng.user.mapper”)
public class UserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class);
}
}
(6)创建User实体类
package com.itzheng.user.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.annotation.KeySql;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.util.Date;
@Table(name=“tb_user”)
@Data
public class User {
@Id
@KeySql(useGeneratedKeys = true)
private Long id;
private String userName; //用户名
private String password; //密码
private String name; //姓名
private Integer age; //年龄
private Integer sex; //性别、1:男鞋 2:女性
private Date birthday; //出生日期
private Date created; //创建时间
private Date updated; //更新时间
private String note; //备注
}
(7)引入插件
(8)创建通用Mapper即UserMapper继承Mapper
package com.itzheng.user.mapper;
import com.itzheng.user.pojo.User;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;
public interface UserMapper extends Mapper {
}
(9)创建Service。创建UserService
package com.itzheng.user.Service;
import com.itzheng.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.itzheng.user.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public User queryById(Long id) {
return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
}
}
(10)增加一个对外查询的接口:
package com.itzheng.user.web;
import com.itzheng.user.Service.UserService;
import com.itzheng.user.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping(“user”)
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@GetMapping(“/{id}”)
public User queryById(@PathVariable(“id”) Long id){
return userService.queryById(id);
}
}
(11)运行测试项目
访问项目:http://localhost:8082/user/8
{
“id”:8,
“userName”:“zhangsan”,
“password”:“123”,
“name”:“zhangsan123”,
“age”:12,
“sex”:1,
“birthday”:“2021-06-13T16:00:00.000+0000”,
“created”:“2021-06-29T10:21:50.000+0000”,
“updated”:“2021-06-30T10:21:53.000+0000”,
“note”:“1”
}
4、服务的调用放:代码编写
(1)创建项目工程
(2)在pom.xml当中添加启动器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0”
xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>
cloud-demo
com.itzheng.demo
1.0.0-SNAPSHOT
4.0.0
consumer-demo
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
(3)编写启动类
package com.itzheng;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
}
}
(4)编写实体类
package com.itzheng.consumer.web;
import com.itzheng.consumer.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@RequestMapping(“consumer”)
public class ConsumerController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping(“/{id}”)
public User queryById(@PathVariable(“id”) Long id ){
String url = “http://localhost:8082/user/”+id;
User user = restTemplate.getForObject(url,User.class);
return user;
}
}
(5)打开Run Dashboard
(6)Run Dashboard启动两个项目,并访问
http://localhost:8080/consumer/8
consumer-demo项目访问了user-service项目
5、有没有问题?
简单回顾一下,刚才我们写了什么∶
user-service:对外提供了查询用户的接口
consumer:通过RestTemplate访问http://locahost:8082/user/{id)接口,查询用户数据
存在什么问题
-
在consumer中,我们把url地址硬编码到了代码中,不方使后期维护
-
consumer需要记忆user-service的地址,如果出现变更,可能得不到通知,地址将失效
-
consumer不清楚user-service的状态,服务宕机也不知道
-
user-service只有1台服务,不具备高可用性
-
即便user-service形成集群,consumer还需自己实现负载均衡
其实上面说的问题,概括一下就是分布式服务必然要面临的问题:
服务管理
-
如何自动注册和发现。如何实现状态监管如何实现动态路由服务如何实现负载均衡服务
-
如何解决容灾问题·服务如何实现统一配置
以上的问题,我们都将在SpringCloud中得到答案。