《算法笔记》11.7小节——动态规划专题->背包问题 问题 A: 装箱问题

【问题描述】
有一个箱子的容量为V(V为正整数,且满足0≤V≤20000),同时有n件物品(0的体积值为正整数。
要求从n件物品中,选取若干装入箱内,使箱子的剩余空间最小。
输入:

1行整数,第1个数表示箱子的容量,第2个数表示有n件物品,后面n个数分别表示这n件
物品各自的体积。
输出:

1个整数,表示箱子剩余空间。
【输入输出样例】
输入:
24 6 8 3 12 7 9 7
输出:
0

分析:0-1 背包问题。按照书上的代码写即可。

#include<algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include  <cstdlib>
#include  <cstring>
#include   <string>
#include   <vector>
#include   <cstdio>
#include    <queue>
#include    <stack>
#include    <ctime>
#include    <cmath>
#include      <map>
#include      <set>
#define INF 0x3fffffff
#define db1(x) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<endl
#define db2(x,y) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<endl
#define db3(x,y,z) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<endl
#define db4(x,y,z,r) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<", "<<#r<<"="<<(r)<<endl
#define db5(x,y,z,r,w) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<", "<<#r<<"="<<(r)<<", "<<#w<<"="<<(w)<<endl
using namespace std;
 
int main(void)
{
    #ifdef test
    freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
//    freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
    clock_t start=clock();
    #endif //test
 
    int v,n;
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&v,&n))
    {
        int items[n+5]={0},dp[v+5]={0};
        for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
            scanf("%d",&items[i]);
 
        for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
            for(int j=v;j>=items[i];--j)
                dp[j]=max(dp[j],dp[j-items[i]]+items[i]);

        int ans=0;
        for(int i=1;i<=v;++i)
            ans=max(ans,dp[i]);
        printf("%d\n",v-ans);
    }
 
 
    #ifdef test
    clockid_t end=clock();
    double endtime=(double)(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
    cout<<"Total time:"<<endtime<<"s"<<endl;        //s为单位
    cout<<"Total time:"<<endtime*1000<<"ms"<<endl;    //ms为单位
    #endif //test
    return 0;
}

failed UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be incompatible with the existing python installation in your environment: Specifications: - torchaudio -> python[version='2.7.*|3.5.*|3.6.*|>=2.7,<2.8.0a0|>=3.5,<3.6.0a0|3.4.*'] Your python: python=3.8 If python is on the left-most side of the chain, that's the version you've asked for. When python appears to the right, that indicates that the thing on the left is somehow not available for the python version you are constrained to. Note that conda will not change your python version to a different minor version unless you explicitly specify that. The following specifications were found to be incompatible with each other: Output in format: Requested package -> Available versions Package pytorch-cuda conflicts for: torchvision -> pytorch-cuda[version='11.6.*|11.7.*|11.8.*'] torchaudio -> pytorch==2.0.1 -> pytorch-cuda[version='>=11.6,<11.7|>=11.7,<11.8|>=11.8,<11.9'] torchaudio -> pytorch-cuda[version='11.6.*|11.7.*|11.8.*'] torchvision -> pytorch==2.0.1 -> pytorch-cuda[version='>=11.6,<11.7|>=11.7,<11.8|>=11.8,<11.9'] Package requests conflicts for: python=3.8 -> pip -> requests torchvision -> requests Package setuptools conflicts for: torchvision -> setuptools pytorch -> jinja2 -> setuptools python=3.8 -> pip -> setuptools Package msvc_runtime conflicts for: pytorch -> python[version='>=3.5,<3.6.0a0'] -> msvc_runtime torchvision -> python[version='>=3.5,<3.6.0a0'] -> msvc_runtime Package pytorch conflicts for: torchaudio -> pytorch[version='1.10.0|1.10.1|1.10.2|1.11.0|1.12.0|1.12.1|1.13.0|1.13.1|2.0.0|2.0.1|1.9.1|1.9.0|1.8.1|1.8.0|1.7.1|1.7.0|1.6.0'] torchvision -> pytorch[version='1.10.0|1.10.1|1.10.2|1.11.0|1.12.0|1.12.1|1.13.0|1.13.1|2.0.0|2.0.1|1.9.1|1.9.0|1.8.1|1.8.0|1.7.1|1.7.0|1.6.0|1.5.1']
06-03
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