bmp文件格式

一个常用的bmp文件内容由以下结构组成:

BITMAPFILEHEADER + BITMAPINFO + 数据

typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER {
  WORD    bfType;
  DWORD   bfSize;
  WORD    bfReserved1;
  WORD    bfReserved2;
  DWORD   bfOffBits;
} BITMAPFILEHEADER, *PBITMAPFILEHEADER;

typedef struct tagBITMAPINFO {
  BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader;
  RGBQUAD          bmiColors[1];
} BITMAPINFO, *PBITMAPINFO;

typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER{
  DWORD  biSize;
  LONG   biWidth;
  LONG   biHeight;
  WORD   biPlanes;
  WORD   biBitCount;
  DWORD  biCompression;
  DWORD  biSizeImage;
  LONG   biXPelsPerMeter;
  LONG   biYPelsPerMeter;
  DWORD  biClrUsed;
  DWORD  biClrImportant;
} BITMAPINFOHEADER, *PBITMAPINFOHEADER;

 procedure TfrmServer.SaveBmpFile(pData: Pointer; DataLen: DWORD);
var
    fhdr: TBitmapFileHeader;
    bi: TBitmapInfo;
    LenH, Lenbi: Integer;
    hFile: THandle;
begin
    LenH:= SizeOf(fhdr);
    Lenbi:= SizeOf(bi);
    ZeroMemory(@fhdr, LenH);
    ZeroMemory(@bi, Lenbi);

    fhdr.bfType:=  $4d42;        // 0x42 = "B" 0x4d = "M"
    fhdr.bfSize:= LenH + Lenbi + DataLen;
    fhdr.bfOffBits:= LenH + Lenbi;
    with bi.bmiHeader do
    begin
        biSize:= SizeOf(TBitmapInfoHeader);
        biWidth:= State.VideoWidth;
        biHeight:= State.VideoHeight;
        biPlanes:= 1;
        biBitCount:= 32;
        biCompression:= BI_RGB;
        biSizeImage:= DataLen;
        biXPelsPerMeter:= 0;
        biYPelsPerMeter:= 0;
        biClrUsed:= 0;
        biClrImportant:= 0;
    end;

    hFile:= FileCreate('c:/test.bmp', fmCreate);
    FileWrite(hFile, fhdr, LenH);
    FileWrite(hFile, bi, Lenbi);
    FileWrite(hFile, pdata^, DataLen);
    FileClose(hFile);

end;

void CreateBMPFile(HWND hwnd, LPTSTR pszFile, PBITMAPINFO pbi, 
                  HBITMAP hBMP, HDC hDC) 
 { 
     HANDLE hf;                 // file handle 
    BITMAPFILEHEADER hdr;       // bitmap file-header 
    PBITMAPINFOHEADER pbih;     // bitmap info-header 
    LPBYTE lpBits;              // memory pointer 
    DWORD dwTotal;              // total count of bytes 
    DWORD cb;                   // incremental count of bytes 
    BYTE *hp;                   // byte pointer 
    DWORD dwTmp; 

    pbih = (PBITMAPINFOHEADER) pbi; 
    lpBits = (LPBYTE) GlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXED, pbih->biSizeImage);

    if (!lpBits) 
         errhandler("GlobalAlloc", hwnd); 

    // Retrieve the color table (RGBQUAD array) and the bits 
    // (array of palette indices) from the DIB. 
    if (!GetDIBits(hDC, hBMP, 0, (WORD) pbih->biHeight, lpBits, pbi, 
        DIB_RGB_COLORS)) 
    {
        errhandler("GetDIBits", hwnd); 
    }

    // Create the .BMP file. 
    hf = CreateFile(pszFile, 
                   GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 
                   (DWORD) 0, 
                    NULL, 
                   CREATE_ALWAYS, 
                   FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, 
                   (HANDLE) NULL); 
    if (hf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 
        errhandler("CreateFile", hwnd); 
    hdr.bfType = 0x4d42;        // 0x42 = "B" 0x4d = "M" 
    // Compute the size of the entire file. 
    hdr.bfSize = (DWORD) (sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                 pbih->biSize + pbih->biClrUsed 
                 * sizeof(RGBQUAD) + pbih->biSizeImage); 
    hdr.bfReserved1 = 0; 
    hdr.bfReserved2 = 0; 

    // Compute the offset to the array of color indices. 
    hdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD) sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + 
                    pbih->biSize + pbih->biClrUsed 
                    * sizeof (RGBQUAD); 

    // Copy the BITMAPFILEHEADER into the .BMP file. 
    if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOID) &hdr, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 
        (LPDWORD) &dwTmp,  NULL)) 
    {
       errhandler("WriteFile", hwnd); 
    }

    // Copy the BITMAPINFOHEADER and RGBQUAD array into the file. 
    if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPVOID) pbih, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) 
                  + pbih->biClrUsed * sizeof (RGBQUAD), 
                  (LPDWORD) &dwTmp, ( NULL)) 
        errhandler("WriteFile", hwnd); 

    // Copy the array of color indices into the .BMP file. 
    dwTotal = cb = pbih->biSizeImage; 
    hp = lpBits; 
    if (!WriteFile(hf, (LPSTR) hp, (int) cb, (LPDWORD) &dwTmp,NULL)) 
           errhandler("WriteFile", hwnd); 

    // Close the .BMP file. 
     if (!CloseHandle(hf)) 
           errhandler("CloseHandle", hwnd); 

    // Free memory. 
    GlobalFree((HGLOBAL)lpBits);
}