C#蓝牙开发-使用GATT进行蓝牙通信

GATT和经典蓝牙通信的区别，两个BLE设备可以通过GATT实现通信，不需要进行配对，直接连接和通信， 并且设备发现是通过广播发现设备，搜索设备在毫秒级。

1. 创建和初始化GATT服务， 创建一个GATT服务，并且创建了一个Characteristic，设备连接到这个服务之后，通过在Characteristic上进行读写操作，来实现通信

public GattServiceProvider ServiceProvider = null;
GattLocalCharacteristic LocalCharacteristic = null; 

public async Task<bool> InitGattServer()
        {
            if (ServiceProvider != null) return true;

             
            GattServiceProviderResult serviceResult = await GattServiceProvider.CreateAsync(Guid.Parse("0000FD89-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
            if (serviceResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
            { 
                Console.WriteLine("初始化GATT服务失:"+ serviceResult.Error);
                return false;
            }
            //  throw new Exception("Create GattService Error:" + serviceResult.Error);

            // 特征 1
            var characteristic1 = await serviceResult.ServiceProvider.Service.CreateCharacteristicAsync(Guid.Parse("00000002-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"), GattCharacteristicParameters);
            if (characteristic1.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("初始化GATT服务失:" + serviceResult.Error);
                return false;
            }

            // 特征 2
            //var characteristic2 = await serviceResult.ServiceProvider.Service.CreateCharacteristicAsync("uuid", "GattCharacteristicParameters");
            //if (characteristic2.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
            //{
            //    return false;
            //}

            ServiceProvider = serviceResult.ServiceProvider;
            ServiceProvider.AdvertisementStatusChanged += ServiceProvider_AdvertisementStatusChanged;

            LocalCharacteristic = characteristic1.Characteristic;
            LocalCharacteristic.WriteRequested += OnWriteRequested;
            LocalCharacteristic.ReadRequested += OnReadRequested; 
            Console.WriteLine("GATT服务初始化完成!");
            return true;
        }

2. 将创建的GATT服务广播出去

 public async Task Start()
        { 
            var dataWriter = new DataWriter();
            dataWriter.WriteBytes(new byte[] { 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05 });
            GattServiceProviderAdvertisingParameters advParameters = new GattServiceProviderAdvertisingParameters
            {
                IsConnectable = true,
                IsDiscoverable = true,
                ServiceData = dataWriter.DetachBuffer()
            }; 
            ServiceProvider.StartAdvertising(advParameters);
        }

3. 客户端通过监听这个广播，然后通过广播与这个GATT服务建立连接，广播监听方式参考前面的文章

4. 建立连接之后，获取到这个GATT服务的Characteristic，一个GATT服务可能会有多个Characteristic，可以通过Characteristic的UUID(创建的时候设置的)区分不同的Characteristic，然后对特征进行读写

5. Characteristic写请求-->可以理解为客户端发送数据给服务端

private async void OnWriteRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattWriteRequestedEventArgs args)
        {

            using (args.GetDeferral())
            {
                GattWriteRequest request = await args.GetRequestAsync();
                if (request == null)
                {
                    return ;
                }
                var data = new byte[request.Value.Length];
                using (var reader = DataReader.FromBuffer(request.Value))
                {
                    reader.ReadBytes(data);
                }
                 
                Console.WriteLine("GATT写请求:"+ Encoding.Default.GetString(data));

                if (request.Option == GattWriteOption.WriteWithResponse)
                {
                    request.Respond();
                }
            }
        }

6. GATT读请求---> 服务端发送数据到客户端

 private async void OnReadRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattReadRequestedEventArgs args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("GATT写请求");
        }

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DEMO： https://download.csdn.net/download/A244108451/87818165

demo包含源码，bin目录下有已经编译好的exe， 如果要测试，可以使用两台笔记本电脑，一台作为服务端，一台作为客户端。