文章目录
在台式电脑上,我们可以很轻松的最小化窗口,在后台做一些事情,并在任何时候都可以最大化窗口。但我们在android应用程序中看不到这一功能。如今,我们可以看到android提供了分屏功能,但这是操作系统提供的功能,而不是应用程序的单独功能。让我们制作一个应用程序,只需单击一个按钮即可将其最小化和最大化。该功能可以在很多方面帮助用户。假设你正在阅读一些带有数学计算的文档,那么最小化计算器将非常有用。
二、实现步骤
1.创建新项目
1.1要在Android Studio中创建新项目。请注意,先选择Emply Activity,再选择选择Java作为编程语言。
2.添加主题颜色
2.1为应用程序添加新颜色:
转到values->Colors.xml。可以在此处添加任何自定义颜色。我们添加了这两种颜色。
代码如下(示例):
<color name="gfgTheme">#FF2F8D46</color>
<color name="gfgThemeTwo">#FF098043</color>
2.2移除操作栏:
在Android Studio 4.1中,转到values->themes。有两个主题XML文件,一个用于亮模式,另一个用于暗模式。在这两个XML中,在样式块中将父属性更改为Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.NoActionBar。
<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="Theme.FloatingWindow" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.NoActionBar">
<!-- Primary brand color. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/purple_500</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryVariant">@color/purple_700</item>
<item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/white</item>
<!-- Secondary brand color. -->
<item name="colorSecondary">@color/teal_200</item>
<item name="colorSecondaryVariant">@color/teal_700</item>
<item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/black</item>
<!-- Status bar color. -->
<item name="android:statusBarColor" tools:targetApi="l">?attr/colorPrimaryVariant</item>
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
</style>
</resources>
2.3更改应用程序的主主题颜色:
更改应用程序的主要主题颜色:在同一文件中,第一个项目块必须与应用程序的主要颜色有关。在这里添加了新添加的颜色。在项目块中添加@color/gfgTheme 或 @color/gfgThemeTwo.
3.制作Layouts
3.1制作activity_main.xml文件
此 XML 文件制作应用程序的主要活动的布局。布局没有那么复杂。在约束布局中只有一个Button、TextView、EditText和ConstraintLayout中的一个又一个按钮。下面是 XML 代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/white"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/buttonMinimize"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:text="Wink"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="25sp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/titleText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="70dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="浮动窗口"
android:textColor="@color/gfgTheme"
android:textSize="30sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/buttonMinimize" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/descEditText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="330dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:gravity="start"
android:hint="这里写下内容"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingTop="10dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="10dp"
android:textColor="@android:color/black"
android:textSize="22sp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/titleText" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/saveBtn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:text="保存"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="25sp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/descEditText" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
3.2制作floating_layout.xml文件
转到 res -> layout。右键单击layout -> New -> Layout Resource File。添加布局的名称(此处floating_layout)。此 XML 文件创建浮动窗口的布局。它具有与主布局相同的组件,但大小限制略有不同。下面是 XML 代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/white">
<Button
android:id="@+id/buttonMaximize"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:background="@color/gfgThemeTwo"
android:text="Wink"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="15sp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/titleText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="浮动窗口"
android:textColor="@color/gfgThemeTwo"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/buttonMaximize" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/descEditText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:gravity="start"
android:hint="在这里写下"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingTop="10dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="10dp"
android:textColor="@android:color/black"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/saveBtn"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/titleText" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/saveBtn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:background="@color/gfgThemeTwo"
android:text="保存"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="12sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
4、制作Java程序
4.1为公共变量创建类:
首先,让我们先创建一个名为 Common 的包。右键单击项目包路径 -> new -> Package.
将弹出一个窗口。编写预期的包名称。将创建一个新包。
右键单击New Package -> 新建 -> Java 类。编写预期的类名。
创建两个公共字符串变量,一个是currentDesc,另一个是savedDesc。两者都使用空字符串启动。
下面是 Common.java 类的代码。
package com.example.floatingwindow.Common;
public class Common {
public static String currentDesc = "";
public static String savedDesc = "";
}
4.2更改MainActivity.java文件
首先,创建组件类的引用。将创建两个Buttons、一个AlertDialog和一个EditText 引用。
在到onCreate()之前,先创建了一些其他方法。
isMyServiceRunning():此方法有助于查找此应用程序的浮动窗口服务是否正在运行。当打开同一应用程序时,浮动窗口已经可见,因此需要此功能,然后需要停止浮动窗口服务。这是java代码:
private boolean isMyServiceRunning() {
ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
if (FloatingWindowGFG.class.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
requestOverlayDisplayPermission():该方法有助于将应用程序重定向到设置以启用“在其他应用程序上显示”。虽然为此需要向AndroidManifest.xml文件添加额外的行。
为此,请转到app ->manifests-> AndroidManifest.xml。在application程序块之前添加此行:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW"/>
java代码如下:
private void requestOverlayDisplayPermission() {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
builder.setCancelable(true);
builder.setTitle("Screen Overlay Permission Needed");
builder.setMessage("Enable 'Display over other apps' from System Settings.");
builder.setPositiveButton("Open Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION, Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_OK);
}
});
dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();
}
checkOverlayDisplayPermission():此方法实际上检查如果 API 级别超过 23,则是否在设置中启用了“在其他应用程序上显示”。下面是此函数的代码:
private boolean checkOverlayDisplayPermission() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (!Settings.canDrawOverlays(this)) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
} else {
return true;
}
}
}
现在这里是 MainActivity.java 文件的完整代码:
package com.example.floatingwindow;
import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import com.example.floatingwindow.Common.Common;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button minimizeBtn;
private AlertDialog dialog;
private EditText descEditArea;
private Button save;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
minimizeBtn = findViewById(R.id.buttonMinimize);
descEditArea = findViewById(R.id.descEditText);
save = findViewById(R.id.saveBtn);
if (isMyServiceRunning()) {
stopService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, FloatingWindowGFG.class));
}
descEditArea.setText(Common.currentDesc);
descEditArea.setSelection(descEditArea.getText().toString().length());
descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
}
@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString();
}
@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {
}
});
save.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString();
descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false);
descEditArea.clearFocus();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Text Saved!!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
minimizeBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (checkOverlayDisplayPermission()) {
startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, FloatingWindowGFG.class));
finish();
} else {
requestOverlayDisplayPermission();
}
}
});
}
private boolean isMyServiceRunning() {
ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
if (FloatingWindowGFG.class.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private void requestOverlayDisplayPermission() {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
builder.setCancelable(true);
builder.setTitle("Screen Overlay Permission Needed");
builder.setMessage("Enable 'Display over other apps' from System Settings.");
builder.setPositiveButton("Open Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION, Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_OK);
}
});
dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();
}
private boolean checkOverlayDisplayPermission() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (!Settings.canDrawOverlays(this)) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
} else {
return true;
}
}
}
4.3:制作FloatingWindowGFG.java文件
创建另一个名为 FloatingWindowGFG 的类。转到项目包路径-> New -> Java 类
此类继承服务类。
现在,由于此类继承自 Service 类,因此此类可以用作清单文件中的服务。因此,在 AndroidManifest.xml在activity之后和application结束之前添加此行。
<service android:name=".FloatingWindowGFG"
tools:ignore="Instantiatable" />
FloatingWindowGFG.java代码:
package com.example.floatingwindow;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import com.example.floatingwindow.Common.Common;
public class FloatingWindowGFG extends Service {
private ViewGroup floatView;
private int LAYOUT_TYPE;
private WindowManager.LayoutParams floatWindowLayoutParam;
private WindowManager windowManager;
private Button maximizeBtn;
private EditText descEditArea;
private Button saveBtn;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
DisplayMetrics metrics = getApplicationContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
int width = metrics.widthPixels;
int height = metrics.heightPixels;
windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getBaseContext().getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
floatView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.floating_layout, null);
maximizeBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.buttonMaximize);
descEditArea = floatView.findViewById(R.id.descEditText);
saveBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.saveBtn);
descEditArea.setText(Common.currentDesc);
descEditArea.setSelection(descEditArea.getText().toString().length());
descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
LAYOUT_TYPE = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;
} else {
LAYOUT_TYPE = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST;
}
floatWindowLayoutParam = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(
(int) (width * (0.55f)),
(int) (height * (0.58f)),
LAYOUT_TYPE,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,
PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT
);
floatWindowLayoutParam.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
floatWindowLayoutParam.x = 0;
floatWindowLayoutParam.y = 0;
windowManager.addView(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam);
maximizeBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
stopSelf();
windowManager.removeView(floatView);
Intent backToHome = new Intent(FloatingWindowGFG.this, MainActivity.class);
backToHome.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
startActivity(backToHome);
}
});
descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
}
@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString();
}
@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {
}
});
floatView.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
final WindowManager.LayoutParams floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam = floatWindowLayoutParam;
double x;
double y;
double px;
double py;
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
x = floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam.x;
y = floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam.y;
px = event.getRawX();
py = event.getRawY();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam.x = (int) ((x + event.getRawX()) - px);
floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam.y = (int) ((y + event.getRawY()) - py);
windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutUpdateParam);
break;
}
return false;
}
});
descEditArea.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
descEditArea.setCursorVisible(true);
WindowManager.LayoutParams floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag = floatWindowLayoutParam;
floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN;
windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag);
return false;
}
});
saveBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString();
descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false);
WindowManager.LayoutParams floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag = floatWindowLayoutParam;
floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParamUpdateFlag);
InputMethodManager inputMethodManager = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(floatView.getApplicationWindowToken(), 0);
Toast.makeText(FloatingWindowGFG.this, "Text Saved!!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
stopSelf();
windowManager.removeView(floatView);
}
}
三、总结
1、运行结果展示
悬浮窗