javascript对象的几种创建方式

理解

一、工厂模式：用函数来封装以特定接口创建对象

function createPerson(name, age, job){
    var o = new Object();
    o.name = name;
    o.age = age;
    o.job = job;
    o.sayName = function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
    return o;
}
var person1 = createPerson("wei",25,"software");
var person2 = createPerson("bu",25,"software");

二、构造函数模式：我们可以创建自定义个构造函数，从而定义自定义类型的属性和方法。

function Person(name, age, job){
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.job = job;
    this.sayName = function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
}
var person1 = new Person("wei",25,"software");
var person2 = new Person("bu",25,"software");

三、原型模式：

function Person(){
}
Person.prototype.name = "wei";
Person.prototype.age = 27;
Person.prototype.job = "Software";
Person.prototype.sayName = function(){
    alert(this.name);
}

var person1 = new Person();
person1.sayName();      //"wei"

var person2 = new Person();
person2.sayName();      //"wei"

alert(person1.sayName == person2.sayName);

四、组合使用构造函数模式和原型模式

function Person(name, age){
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.friends = ["乾隆","康熙"];
}
Person.prototype = {
    constructor:Person,
    sayName:function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
}
var person1 = new Person("wei",29);
var person2 = new Person("bu",25);
person1.friends.push("嬴政");
console.log(person1.friends);   //["乾隆", "康熙", "嬴政"]
console.log(person2.friends);   //["乾隆", "康熙"]
console.log(person1.friends === person2.friends);   //false
console.log(person1.sayName === person2.sayName);   //true