Base64是网络上最常见的用于传输8Bit字节代码的编码方式之一
Base64要求把每三个8Bit的字节转换为四个6Bit的字节(3*8 = 4*6 = 24),然后把6Bit再添两位高位0,组成四个8Bit的字节,也就是说,转换后的字符串理论上将要比原来的长1/3。
此算法只适用于加密ASCII映射表中的字符组成的字符串,不能处理中文字符串等
规则:
①.把3个字符变成4个字符..
②每76个字符加一个换行符..
③.最后的结束符也要处理..
一个例子:
转换前 aaaaaabb ccccdddd eeffffff
转换后 00aaaaaa 00bbcccc 00ddddee 00ffffff
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1,
63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49,
50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
function base64encode(str) {
var out, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i < len) {
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4);
out += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4)
| ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2);
out += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >> 6));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return out;
}
function base64decode(str) {
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, out;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i < len) {
/* c1 */
do {
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while (i < len && c1 == -1);
if (c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do {
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while (i < len && c2 == -1);
if (c2 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */
do {
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c3 == 61)
return out;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
} while (i < len && c3 == -1);
if (c3 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */
do {
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c4 == 61)
return out;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
} while (i < len && c4 == -1);
if (c4 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4);
}
return out;
}