题源阅读12-13篇

There’s a Price to Be Paid for Our Cheap Food
echo 重复，附和
edible 可以吃的
sensible 明智的，合理的
resistable 可抵抗的
ratio 比率
incidence 发生率
presumably 大概，可能
entail 使成为必然
eternal 无休止的
inflation 通货膨胀
lobby 向（议员等）进行游说（或疏通）
commission 委员会
gain ground 越来越得人心
margin 余地，余裕
successive 连续的
conquer 征服，克服
Observers of food policy believe that too much of the true cost of food is born not by the consumer or the retailer. The environmental and health damage caused by modern food production and its transport, as well as by excessive consumption, entails vast costs. But it is the supermarkets’ eternal price wars—their one-track marketing philosophy where “value” trumps all other qualities in foods—that have driven prices so low. 粮食政策观察员认为，事物的真正成本大多不是由消费者或零售商决定的。现代化的食品生产和运输、过度消费对环境与健康所造成的损害必然导致巨额成本。但其实是超市无休止的价格战——狭隘的营销理念将食品的“价值”凌驾在其他质量之上——才令价格如此之低。
Supermarkets, with their powerful lobbying arms and political donations, habitually wriggle away from legislation and Competition Commission criticism merely with the threat that any new regulation will raise prices. 超市拥有强大的游说力量和政治捐款，以出台新法规就提价为要挟，习惯性地逃避立法和竞争委员会的批评。
Another idea gaining ground across Europe is for a sugar tax–the cheap processed foods and soft drinks that carry the largest profit margins(and which are a key cause of obesity) depend hugely on sugar for their appeal. 在欧洲逐渐为人们所接受的另一种想法是糖税——带来巨大利润（同样还是肥胖症的主要诱因）繁荣廉价加工食品和软饮料，主要依靠糖分增加吸引力。

US Cult of Greed Is Now a Global Environmental Threat
excess 过量，过度
reckless 不考虑后果的，鲁莽的
think tank 智囊团
deliberate 蓄意的；慎重的
dismiss 拒绝
commonplace 普通的，寻常的
wholesale 大规模的，批发的
erect 建造，树立
turbine 涡轮机
combat 与…斗争
viable 可行的
preface 序言
unprecedented 前所未有的
instinct 天性
triumph 获胜
Until we recognize that our environmental problems, from climate change to deforestation to species loss, are driven by unsustainable habits, we will not be able to solve the ecological crises that threaten to wash over civilization. 我们只有认识到环境问题——从气候变化到森林砍伐再到物种丧失——是受人类不可持续习惯的趋势，我们才能解决冲击文明的生态危机。
As the world struggles to recover from the most serious global economic crisis since the Great Depression, we have an unprecedented opportunity to turn away from consumerism. In the end, the human instinct for survival must triumph over the urge to consume at any cost. 当世界努力从大萧条以来最严重的全球经济危机中寻求复苏之时，我们获得了放弃消费至上主义的空前机遇。最终，人类求生的本能一定会不惜任何代价战胜消费欲望。