Linux C/C++多进程和多线程实现并发服务器

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一、客户端

代码如下：

//  TCP通信客户端

#include<stdio.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    //1.创建套接字
    int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

    if(fd==-1)
    {
        perror("socket");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //2.连接服务器
    struct sockaddr_in saddr;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "182.61.11.197", &saddr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    saddr.sin_port = htons(9999);
    int ret = connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr));

    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("connet");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //3.通信
    char recvbuf[1024] = {0};
    int i = 0;
    while (1)
    {
        sprintf(recvbuf, "%d\n", i++);
        write(fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)+1);
        
        int lens = read(fd, recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
        if(lens==-1)
        {
            perror("read");
            exit(-1);
        }else if(lens>0)
        {
            printf("recv server data: %s\n", recvbuf);
        }else if(lens==0)
        {//表示客户端断开连接
            printf("server closed...");
        }
        sleep(1);
    }
    

    //关闭连接
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

二、服务器

1.多进程

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<wait.h>
#include<errno.h>

void recyleChild(int arg)
{
    while(1)
    {
        int ret = waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG);
        if(ret == -1)
        {
            //所有的子进程都回收了
            break;
        }else if(ret == 0)
        {
            //还有子进程活着
            break;
        }else if(ret > 0)
        {
            //被回收了
            printf("子进程 %d 被回收了\n", ret);
        }
    }
}


int main()
{
    struct sigaction act;
    act.sa_flags = 0;
    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
    act.sa_handler = recyleChild;

    //注册信号捕捉
    sigaction(SIGCHLD, &act, NULL);

    //创建socket
    int lfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(lfd == -1)
    {
        perror("socket");
        exit(-1);
    }

    struct sockaddr_in saddr;
    saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    saddr.sin_port = htons(9999);
    saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    //绑定
    int ret = bind(lfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr));
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("bind");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //监听
    ret = listen(lfd, 5);
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("listen");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //不断循环等待客户端连接
    while(1)
    {
        struct sockaddr_in caddr;
        int len = sizeof(caddr);

        //接受连接
        int cfd = accept(lfd, (struct sockaddr *)&caddr, &len);
        if(cfd==-1)
        {
            if(errno == EINTR)
            {
                continue;
            }
            perror("accept");
            exit(-1);
        }

        //每一个连接进来，创建一个子进程跟客户端通信
        pid_t pid = fork();
        if(pid==0)
        {
            //子进程
            //获取客户端的信息
            char cip[16];
            inet_ntop(AF_INET, &caddr.sin_addr.s_addr, cip, sizeof(cip));
            unsigned short cport = ntohs(caddr.sin_port);

            printf("client ip is :%s, port is %d\n", cip, cport);

            //接受客户端发来的数据
            char recvbuf[1024];
            while(1)
            {
                int len = read(cfd, &recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
                if(len == -1)
                {
                    perror("read");
                    exit(-1);
                }else if(len > 0)
                {
                    printf("recv client data: %s\n", recvbuf);
                }else
                {
                    printf("client closed...\n");
                    break;
                }
                write(cfd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)+1);
            }
            close(cfd);
            exit(0); //退出当前子进程
        }
    }

    close(lfd);

    return 0;
}

2.多线程

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<pthread.h>

struct sockInfo{
    int fd;//通信的文件描述符
    pthread_t tid;//线程号
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
};

struct sockInfo sockinfos[128];

void *
working(void *arg)
{
    //子线程和客户端通信  cfd 客户端信息 线程号
    //获取客户端的信息
    struct sockInfo* pinfo = (struct sockInfo*)arg;

    char cip[16];
    inet_ntop(AF_INET, &pinfo->addr.sin_addr.s_addr, cip, sizeof(cip));
    unsigned short cport = ntohs(pinfo->addr.sin_port);
    printf("client ip is :%s, port is %d\n", cip, cport);


    //接受客户端发来的数据
            char recvbuf[1024];
            while(1)
            {
                int len = read(pinfo->fd, &recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
                if(len == -1)
                {
                    perror("read");
                    exit(-1);
                }else if(len > 0)
                {
                    printf("recv client data: %s\n", recvbuf);
                }else
                {
                    printf("client closed...\n");
                    break;
                }
                write(pinfo->fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)+1);
            }
            close(pinfo->fd);

}

int main()
{

    //创建socket
    int lfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(lfd == -1)
    {
        perror("socket");
        exit(-1);
    }

    struct sockaddr_in saddr;
    saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    saddr.sin_port = htons(9999);
    saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    //绑定
    int ret = bind(lfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr));
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("bind");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //监听
    ret = listen(lfd, 5);
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("listen");
        exit(-1);
    }

    //初始化数据
    int max = sizeof(sockinfos) / sizeof(sockinfos[0]);
    for (int i = 0; i < max;i++)
    {
        bzero(&sockinfos[i], sizeof(sockinfos[i]));
        sockinfos[i].fd = -1;
        sockinfos[i].tid = -1;
    }

        //循环等待客户端连接，一旦一个客户端连接起来，就创建一个子线程进行通信
        while (1)
        {
            struct sockaddr_in caddr;
            int len = sizeof(caddr);
            //接受连接
            int cfd = accept(lfd, (struct sockaddr *)&caddr, &len);

            struct sockInfo *pinfo;
            for (int i = 0; i < max;i++)
            {//从这个数组中找到一个可以用sockInfo元素
                if(sockinfos[i].fd==-1)
                {
                    pinfo = &sockinfos[i];
                    break;
                }
                if(i == max-1)
                {
                    sleep(1);
                    i=-1;
                }
            }

            pinfo->fd=cfd;
            memcpy(&pinfo->addr, &caddr, len);

            //创建子线程
            pthread_create(&pinfo->tid, NULL, working, pinfo);

            pthread_detach(pinfo->tid);
        }

        close(lfd);
        return 0;
}

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总结

本节主要介绍了TCP实现并发服务器。主要运用了多线程和多进程的知识点。