存在失效地址导致JavaMailSender批量发送失败的原因分析及解决办法

1. 背景介绍

最近的一个项目需求中，需要将接口变更内容发送到业务负责人及相关的开发者。由于负责人可能有多个，采用的是批量发送的方式来进行邮件发送。使用的是jar包是javamail，maven依赖如下所示。在提测过程中发现，如果待发送的邮件地址列表中存在一个无效的地址【该地址是一个合法的邮件地址，但是是无效地址，如：duanduan@163.com，它是一个合法的邮件地址，但却是无效的地址】，则会导致所有邮件发送失败。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 过程分析

首先来看一下是怎么调用的，代码如下：

public boolean sendMessageMail(Object params, String title, String templateName, String mailFrom, Set<String> mailSends) {
        List<InternetAddress> addressList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
            helper.setFrom(mailFrom);
            mailSends.forEach(v -> {
                if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(v)) {
                    try {
                        InternetAddress address = new InternetAddress(v);
                        addressList.add(address);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        log.error("sendMessageMail", "", "sendMessageMail", "邮箱地址转换失败，邮箱地址是：" + v);
                    }
                }
            });
            InternetAddress[] addresses = new InternetAddress[addressList.size()];
            addressList.toArray(addresses);
            mimeMessage.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, addresses);
            helper.setSubject(title);//邮件标题
            Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();
            model.put("params", params);
            Template template = configurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate(templateName);
            String text = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);
            helper.setText(text, true);
            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (TemplateException | IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }

为了批量发送过程中泄露其他收件人的邮箱地址，采用了密文发送的方式（BCC），关于BCC的解释可见https://blog.csdn.net/lxgwm2008/article/details/46333427?fps=1&locationNum=4博文中介绍，浅显易懂。mailSender.send(mimeMessage)中调用了doSend方法，如下所示：

在JavaMailSenderImpl的doSend方法中调用了SMTPTransport的SendMessage方法，如上图红框中所示。SMTPTransport的sendMessage方法是Transport类中抽象方法的实现，具体代码展示如下：

在上述方法中，主要是看rcptTo()方法，为什么会把捕获的异常和抛出异常框出来呢？且往下看。

在rcptTo()方法中，关键代码如下：

如果sendFailed为true的话，这里最终会抛出一个SendFailedException异常，而在SMTPTransport的sendMessage方法中并没有捕获处理该异常，而是直接抛出，因此导致程序中有异常出现。接下来我们再看，什么时候sendFailed会被置为true呢？

剩下的如果感兴趣的话可以自己去跟踪一下，看一下代码实现，这里就不继续赘述了。

3. 解决办法

既然这样，一个邮件地址无效就会导致所有的邮件都发送不成功，怎么解决呢？问题的关键还是要熟悉Transport代码，设置监听器，代码如下：

public boolean sendMessageMail(Object params, String title, String templateName, String mailFrom, Set<String> mailSends) {
        List<InternetAddress> addressList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
            helper.setFrom(mailFrom);
            mailSends.forEach(v -> {
                if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(v)) {
                    try {
                        InternetAddress address = new InternetAddress(v);
                        addressList.add(address);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        log.error("sendMessageMail", "", "sendMessageMail", "邮箱地址转换失败，邮箱地址是：" + v);
                    }
                }
            });
            InternetAddress[] addresses = new InternetAddress[addressList.size()];
            addressList.toArray(addresses);
            mimeMessage.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, addresses);
            helper.setSubject(title);//邮件标题
            Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();
            model.put("params", params);
            Template template = configurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate(templateName);
            String text = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);
            helper.setText(text, true);
            // 发送信件
            Transport transport = mimeMessage.getSession().getTransport();
            transport.addTransportListener(new CustomTransportListener(transport));
            transport.connect(host, username, password);
            transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage, addresses);
            transport.close();
            return true;
        } catch (TemplateException | IOException e) {
            log.error("sendMessageMail", "", "batchSendMessageMail","发送邮件操作,加载邮件Template失败!", e);
        } catch (SendFailedException e) {
            Address[] invalidAddresses = e.getInvalidAddresses();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            int length = invalidAddresses.length;
            for (int i = 0;i < length- 1; i++) {
                sb.append(invalidAddresses[i]).append(", ");
            }
            sb.append(invalidAddresses[length - 1]);
            log.error("sendMessageMail", "", "batchSendMessageMail", "批量发送邮件失败，无效的邮件地址如下：" + sb.toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("sendMessageMail", "", "batchSendMessageMail", "发送邮件失败!topic:" + title, e);
        }
        return false;
    }

class CustomTransportListener extends TransportAdapter  {
        Transport transport;

        CustomTransportListener(Transport transport) {
            this.transport = transport;
        }

        @Override
        public void messageNotDelivered(TransportEvent transportEvent) {
            Address[] addresses = transportEvent.getValidUnsentAddresses();
            Message message = transportEvent.getMessage();
            try {
                transport.sendMessage(message, addresses);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }