Java&IO

文件和文件夹都是File对象；

File类常用方法

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getAbsolutePath

public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 绝对路径 ： getAbsolutePath
        File f1 = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        System.out.println(f1.getAbsolutePath());
    }

public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        System.out.println("当前文件夹是："+file);


        // 文件是否存在
        System.out.println("判断是否存在："+file.exists());
        // 是否是文件夹
        System.out.println("判断是否是文件夹："+file.isDirectory());
        // 是否是文件
        System.out.println("判断是否是文件:"+file.isFile());
        // 文件长度
        System.out.println("获取文件的长度："+file.length());
        // 文件最后修改时间
        long time = file.lastModified();
        Date date = new Date(time);
        System.out.println("文件最后的修改时间"+date);
        // 设置文件最后的修改时间
        file.setLastModified(0);

        // 文件重命名
        File file1 = new File("D:/temp2.txt");
        file.renameTo(file1);
        System.out.println("将temp文件名修改为temp2");
    }

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File file = new File("d:/oscar/env");
        // 以字符串数组的形式返回当前文件夹下的所有文件 String（不包含文件及其子文件夹）
        String[] list = file.list();

        // 以文件数组的形式，返回当前文件夹下的所有文件（同上）
        File[] files = file.listFiles();

        // 以字符串形式返回所在文件夹
        String fileParent = file.getParent();

        // 以文件形式返回所在文件夹
        File parentFile = file.getParentFile();

        // 创建文件夹，如果父文件夹oscar不存在，创建就无效
        file.mkdir();

        // 创建文件夹，如果父文件夹不存在，就会创建父文件夹
        file.mkdirs();

        // 创建一个空文件，如果父文件夹不存在，就会抛出异常
        file.createNewFile();

        // 所以创建一个空文件之前，通常会创建父目录
        file.getParentFile().mkdirs();

        //列出所有的盘符
        File[] listRoots = file.listRoots();
        for (File root : listRoots) {
            System.out.println(root);
        }

        //删除文件
        file.delete();

        //JVM结束的时候，删除文件，常用于临时文件的删除
        file.deleteOnExit();


    }

---

字节流 FileInputStream & FileOutputStream

public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try {
            // 创建基于文件的输入流
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
            // 通过这个输入流，就可以把数据从硬盘，读取到Java的虚拟机，也就是读取到内存中


            //  输出流
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

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 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
        byte[] all = new byte[(int)file.length()];
        fileInputStream.read(all);
        for (byte b : all) {
            System.out.println(b);
        }
        fileInputStream.close();
    }

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        byte[] data = {88, 89};
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        fileOutputStream.write(data);
        fileOutputStream.close();
    }

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按自定义大小拆分文件

private static void splitFile(File splitFile, int eachSize) throws IOException {
        if (0 == splitFile.length()){
            throw new RuntimeException("文件长度为0，不可拆分");
        }
        // 源文件长度
        System.out.println("真实文件长度："+splitFile.length());
        byte[] fileContent = new byte[(int) splitFile.length()];
        System.out.println("文件源长度："+fileContent.length);

        try {
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(splitFile);
            fileInputStream.read(fileContent);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 子文件份数
        int fileNums;
        if (0 == fileContent.length % eachSize){
            fileNums = (int) fileContent.length / eachSize;
        }else {
            fileNums = (int) ((fileContent.length / eachSize )+ 1);
        }
        System.out.println("拆分数量:"+fileNums);
        for (int i = 0; i < fileNums; i++) {
            // 拆分后的文件名
            String eachFileName = splitFile.getName() + "-" + i;
            File eachFile = new File(splitFile.getParent(), eachFileName);
            byte[] eachContent;

            if (i != fileNums -1){
                eachContent = Arrays.copyOfRange(fileContent, eachSize * i, eachSize * (i+1));
            }else {
                // 拆完剩下的全部装在一起
                eachContent = Arrays.copyOfRange(fileContent, eachSize* i, fileContent.length);
            }

            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(eachFile);
            fileOutputStream.write(eachContent);
            fileOutputStream.close();
            System.out.printf("输出子文件%s，其文件大小是%d字节%n",eachFile.getAbsolutePath(),eachFile.length());
        }
    }

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合并文件

 private static void murgeFile(String folder,String fileName) throws IOException {
        File destFile = new File(folder, fileName);
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
        int index = 0;
        while (true){
            File eachFile = new File(folder, fileName + "-" + index++ );
            // 如果没找到 则break
            if (!eachFile.exists())
                break;
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(eachFile);
            byte[] eachContent  = new byte[(int) eachFile.length()];
            fileInputStream.read(eachContent);
            fileInputStream.close();

            fileOutputStream.write(eachContent);
            fileOutputStream.flush();
            System.out.printf("把子文件%s写入到目标文件中%n",eachFile);
        }

        fileOutputStream.close();
        System.out.printf("最后目标文件的大小，%,d字节",destFile.length());
    }

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关闭流的方式 try(****)

public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file)){
            fileInputStream.read(new byte[(int) file.length()]);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

字符流

public static void read(){
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(file)){
            char[] chars = new char[(int) file.length()];
            fileReader.read(chars);
            for (char aChar : chars) {
                System.out.println(aChar);
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void write(){
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file)){
            String data = "i am sorry";
            char[] chars = data.toCharArray();
            fileWriter.write(chars);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

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缓存流

public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (
                FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(file);
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
                ){
            while (true){
                String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
                if (null == line){
                    break;
                }
                System.out.println(line);
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

---

flush

public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (
                FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);
                PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(fileWriter);
        ){
            printWriter.println("garen kill teemo");
            // 强制把缓存中的数据写入硬盘，无论硬盘是否已满
            printWriter.flush();
            printWriter.println("teemo revive after 1 minutes");
            printWriter.flush();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

---

DataInputStream & DataOutputStream

private static void write() {
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
                ){
            dataOutputStream.writeBoolean(true);
            dataOutputStream.writeInt(1000);
            dataOutputStream.writeUTF("this  is green");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void read(){
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (
                FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
                DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(fileInputStream);
                ){
            boolean readBoolean = dataInputStream.readBoolean();
            int i = dataInputStream.readInt();
            String s = dataInputStream.readUTF();

            System.out.println(readBoolean);
            System.out.println(i);
            System.out.println(s);

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

---

ObjectInputStream && ObjectOutputStream

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hero hero = new Hero("oscar",23,190);
        File file = new File("d:/temp.txt");
        try (
                FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
                ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);

                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
                ){
            objectOutputStream.writeObject(hero);
            Hero h2 = (Hero) objectInputStream.readObject();
            System.out.println(h2.name);
            System.out.println(h2.age);
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }