Java多线程之Semephore

Semaphore 可以维护当前访问自身的线程个数，并提供了同步机制。使用Semaphore可以控制同时访问资源的线程个数，例如，实现一个文件允许的并发访问数。

单个信号量的Semaphore对象可以实现互斥锁的功能，并且可以是由一个线程获得了“锁”，再由另一个线程释放“锁”，这可应用于死锁恢复的一些场合。

package com.javase.thread;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
 * 10个线程并发访问牌数为3的信号灯
 * @author Alex Zhuang
 *
 */
public class SemaphoreDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
		ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
			Runnable command =new Runnable(){
				public void run() {
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is waiting now");
					try {
						// Acquires a permit from this semaphore, blocking until one is available, or the thread is interrupted.
						semaphore.acquire();
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is running now");
					System.out.println("There are "+ (3-semaphore.availablePermits()) + " thread got the permit of semaphore now");
					try {
						//Java SE5 引入的更加显示的sleep()版本，这个方法允许指定sleep()延迟的时间单元，因此有更好的可读性
						TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(new Random().nextInt(10000));
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					// Releases a permit, returning it to the semaphore.
					semaphore.release();
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" has been end now");
					System.out.println("There are "+ (3-semaphore.availablePermits()) + " thread got the permit of semaphore now");
				}
			};
			threadPool.execute(command);
		}
		threadPool.shutdown();

	}

}