Mac下JDK安装位置查看和多版本JDK切换

演示环境

• MacBook Pro
• macOS monterey 12.2.1

JDK下载

• 各版本下载地址：https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/archive/

JDK 安装

• dmg安装包，安装过程如一般程序。参考图形界面点击下一步默认安装即可，此处省略。

JDK安装位置查看

不同的系统版本，位置可能存在区别

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:24:51] 
$ cd /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines [13:24:55] 
$ ls
jdk-11.0.12.jdk  jdk-17.0.1.jdk   jdk1.7.0_80.jdk  jdk1.8.0_172.jdk

JDK多版本切换

可以看到，本机安装了4个版本的 jdk，下面我将进行4个jdk版本切换操作

• 准备好环境变量配置

## 配置jdk各个版本 ##
# 设置 JDK 7
export JAVA_7_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.7`
# 设置 JDK 8
export JAVA_8_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8`
# 设置 JDK 11
export JAVA_11_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 11`
# 设置 JDK 17
export JAVA_17_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 17`
# 默认 JDK 8
export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME
#alias命令动态切换JDK版本
alias jdk7="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_7_HOME"
alias jdk8="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME"
alias jdk11="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_11_HOME"
alias jdk17="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_17_HOME"

• 将以上内容，添加到 ~/.bash_profile 中

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:30:29] 
$ vi ~/.bash_profile 

• 查看配置，执行source将配置生效

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:30:29] 
$ cat ~/.bash_profile 
## 配置jdk ##
# 设置 JDK 7
export JAVA_7_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.7`
# 设置 JDK 8
export JAVA_8_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8`
# 设置 JDK 11
export JAVA_11_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 11`
# 设置 JDK 17
export JAVA_17_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 17`
# 默认 JDK 8
export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME
#alias命令动态切换JDK版本
alias jdk7="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_7_HOME"
alias jdk8="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME"
alias jdk11="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_11_HOME"
alias jdk17="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_17_HOME"

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:30:29] 
$ source ~/.bash_profile 

• 查看效果

默认jdk为1.8,执行jdk7、jdk8、jdk11、jdk17 等自定义别名后，会切换jdk版本，通过java -version可看到已切换的相应版本。

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:42:05] 
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:42:10] 
$ jdk7

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:42:23] 
$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_80"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_80-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.80-b11, mixed mode)
# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:08] 
$ jdk17

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:15] 
$ java -version
java version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 17.0.1+12-LTS-39)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.1+12-LTS-39, mixed mode, sharing)

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:18] 
$ jdk11

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:21] 
$ java -version
java version "11.0.12" 2021-07-20 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.12+8-LTS-237)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.12+8-LTS-237, mixed mode)

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:25] 
$ jdk8

# Aker @ MacBook-Pro in ~ [13:47:30] 
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)