Android基本控件ListView的使用总结

ListView的简单用法：

首先我们需要创建一个UsingListView项目，Eclipse会自动生成相应XML的布局文件。代码所下所示：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.uselistview.MainActivity" >

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" />

</RelativeLayout>

然后我们修改MainActivity.java中的代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView lv;
    String[] data=new String[]{"小明","婧婧","瑞瑞"};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ArrayAdapter<String>adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this,
                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,data);
        lv=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
        lv.setAdapter(adapter);  
    }

以上是相对简单的使用ArrayAdapter为ListView传递相对简单的文本数据。ListView在使用适配器经常使用ArrayAdapter、BaseAdapter、SimpleAdapter。以下描述SimpleAdapter，它的扩展性最好，可以定义各种各样的布局。使用simpleAdapter一般都是用数组列表ArrayList，而ArrayList一般使用HashMap构成。
如下所示为使用simpleAdapter传递数据给ListView：
自定义List_cell.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <ImageView 
        android:id="@+id/Image"
        android:layout_width="60dp"
        android:layout_height="60dp" 
        />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv1"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv2"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="20dp" />
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView lv; 
    //准备数据
    int ImgId[]=new int[]{R.drawable.img1,R.drawable.img2,R.drawable.img3};
    String name[]=new String[]{"Img1","Img2","Img3"};
    String dec[]=new String[]{"Img1_dec","Img2_dec","Img3_dec"};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    
        ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> alist=new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();
        for(int i=0;i<ImgId.length;i++){
            HashMap<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("Image", ImgId[i]);
            map.put("tv_1", name[i]);
            map.put("tv_2", dec[i]);
            alist.add(map);
        } 
        lv=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
        SimpleAdapter adapter=new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, alist, R.layout.list_cell,
                new String[]{"Image","tv_1","tv_2"},
                new int[]{R.id.Image,R.id.tv1,R.id.tv2} 
                );
        lv.setAdapter(adapter);  
        lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

        @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View   view,
                int position, long id) {
    HashMap<String, Object>clkmap=( HashMap<String, Object>)parent.getItemAtPosition(position);
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, clkmap.get("tv_1").toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }           
}

以下我们使用BaseAdapter来实现以上效果，BaseAdapter与其他Adapter有些不一样，其他的Adapter可以直接在其构造函数中配置数据，但是BaseAdapter中需要重写4个基本方法。
布局文件和以上相同。
自定义ListAdapte继承至BaseAdapter，如下所示：

public class ListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Context context=null;
    public ListAdapter(Context context){
        this.context=context;   
    }
    public Context getContext() {
        return context;
    }

    private ListcellData data[]=new ListcellData[]{
            new ListcellData("婧婧", "是个美丽的好女孩", R.drawable.img1),
            new ListcellData("瑞瑞", "是个阳光好男孩", R.drawable.img2),
            new ListcellData("楼上", "说的很有道理", R.drawable.img3)
            };
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
          LinearLayout ll=null;
          if(convertView!=null){
              ll=(LinearLayout)convertView;
          }else{
              ll=(LinearLayout) LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.list_cell, null);
          }
            ListcellData data=getItem(position);
            //重新赋值子对象
            ImageView icon=(ImageView) ll.findViewById(R.id.Image);
            TextView tv_1=(TextView)ll.findViewById(R.id.tv1);
            TextView tv_2=(TextView) ll.findViewById(R.id.tv2);
            icon.setImageResource(data.ImgId);
            tv_1.setText(data.name);
            tv_2.setText(data.dec);
            return ll;  
        }       
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {

            return position;
        }   
        @Override
        public ListcellData getItem(int position) {

            return data[position];
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {

            return data.length;
        }

}

创建一个类ListcellData.java:

public class ListcellData {
    public String name;
    public String dec;
    public int ImgId;
    public ListcellData(String name,String dec,int ImgId){
        this.name=name;
        this.dec=dec;
        this.ImgId=ImgId;   
    }
}

主逻辑实现：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView lv;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        
        lv=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
        lv.setAdapter(new ListAdapter(this));   
        }

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..可以利用android系统提供的ListActivity简单的实现以上效果：具体如下:
首先我们创建一个ListViewActivity继承自ListActivity，并重写onCreate()方法：

public class ListViewActivity extends ListActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.listview_activity);
        setListAdapter(new ListAdapter(this));
    }
}

此时我们需要修改AndroidManifest.xml中的：

 <activity
            android:name="com.example.uselistview.ListViewActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

这样我就能实现了以上功能，也可以自定义相应的布局。