大致流程:①建一个java项目,建立一个lib目录,将相关的jar包导入。
②创建一个hibernate的工具类,获得一个会话工厂。
③配置hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml。
④创建实体类grade和student
⑤在数据库中建表并设置关联关系
⑥配置映射文件grade.hbm.xml和student.hbm.xml
⑦创建测试类
package com.xatu.util;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private static Session session;
static{
//创建configuration对象,读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件,完成初始化。
Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
//创建服务注册对象
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
//创建工厂回话对象
sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
}
public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){
return sessionFactory;
}
public static Session getSession(){
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
return session;
}
public static void closeSession(Session session){
if(session!=null){
session.close();
}
}
}
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">
<![CDATA[
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xatu?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
]]>
</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">mysql</property>
<property name="dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hbm2ddl_auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="com/xatu/entity/Grade.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/xatu/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.xatu.entity.Grade" table="grade">
<id name="gid" column="gid" type="java.lang.Integer">
<generator class="increment"></generator>
</id>
<property name="gname" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="gname" length="20" not-null="true"></column>
</property>
<property name="gdesc" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="gdesc"></column>
</property>
<!-- 配置单向的一对多关联关系 -->
<set name="students" table="student">
<!-- 指定关联的外键类 -->
<key column="gid"></key>
<one-to-many class="com.xatu.entity.Student"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.xatu.entity.Student" table="student">
<id name="sid" column="sid" type="java.lang.Integer">
<generator class="increment"></generator>
</id>
<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="sname" length="20" not-null="true"></column>
</property>
<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="sex"></column>
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
package com.xatu.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Grade implements Serializable {
private int gid;
private String gname;
private String gdesc;//班级描述
//在一方创建多方的集合
private Set<Student> students = new HashSet<Student>();
public int getGid() {
return gid;
}
public void setGid(int gid) {
this.gid = gid;
}
public String getGname() {
return gname;
}
public void setGname(String gname) {
this.gname = gname;
}
public String getGdesc() {
return gdesc;
}
public void setGdesc(String gdesc) {
this.gdesc = gdesc;
}
public Set<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
public Grade(String gname, String gdesc) {
//super();
this.gname = gname;
this.gdesc = gdesc;
}
public Grade() {
}
}
package com.xatu.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Student implements Serializable {
private int sid;
private String sname;
private String sex;
public int getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(int sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Student(String sname, String sex) {
super();
this.sname = sname;
this.sex = sex;
}
public Student(){
}
}
package com.xatu.entity;
import java.util.Set;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.xatu.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Test {
/**
* 单向一对多关联关系(班级--->学生)
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//addStudent();
//findStudentByGrade();
//updateStudent();
deleteStudent();
}
//添加学生
public static void addStudent(){
Grade g = new Grade("java一班", "软件开发专业");
Student s1 = new Student("张三", "男");
Student s2 = new Student("李四", "女");
g.getStudents().add(s1);
g.getStudents().add(s2);
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
Transaction t = session.beginTransaction();
session.save(g);
session.save(s1);
session.save(s2);
t.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
}
//从班级中查找学生
public static void findStudentByGrade(){
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession(); //获取session对象
Grade g = (Grade) session.get(Grade.class, 1); //获取班级信息
System.out.println(g.getGname()+","+g.getGdesc());
Set<Student> students = g.getStudents(); //获取班级学生信息,用集合保存
for(Student stu:students){
System.out.println(stu.getSname()+","+stu.getSex());
}
}
//修改学生信息
public static void updateStudent(){
Grade g = new Grade("java二班", "软件维护专业"); //创建新的班级
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
Transaction t = session.beginTransaction(); //开启事务
Student stu = (Student) session.get(Student.class, 1); //获取学号为1的学生信息
g.getStudents().add(stu);
session.save(g);
t.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
}
//删除学生
public static void deleteStudent(){
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
Transaction t = session.beginTransaction();
Student stu = (Student) session.get(Student.class, 2);
session.delete(stu);
t.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
}
}