内核辅助函数系列 002 --- _find_next_bit：unsigned long 整数数组中第一个 0 或 1 位

基于4.19.55 内核源码
参数
addr1 带搜寻 0/1 位的整数数组
addr2 扩展数组
nbits 最大搜索位
start 搜索开始位
invert 反转掩码
返回值
invert 等于 0 时，返回第一个非 0 位，等于 ~0UL 时，返回整数数组中第一个 0 位
代码在 find_bit.c 中，实现如下：

/*
 * This is a common helper function for find_next_bit, find_next_zero_bit, and
 * find_next_and_bit. The differences are:
 *  - The "invert" argument, which is XORed with each fetched word before
 *    searching it for one bits.
 *  - The optional "addr2", which is anded with "addr1" if present.
 */
static inline unsigned long _find_next_bit(const unsigned long *addr1,
		const unsigned long *addr2, unsigned long nbits,
		unsigned long start, unsigned long invert)
{
	unsigned long tmp;

	if (unlikely(start >= nbits))
		return nbits;

	tmp = addr1[start / BITS_PER_LONG]; /* 搜索 start 位所在的第一个元素 */
	if (addr2)
		tmp &= addr2[start / BITS_PER_LONG];
	tmp ^= invert;

	/* Handle 1st word. */
	tmp &= BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start); /* tmp 低 n 位置 0，n = start % BITS_PER_LONG */
	start = round_down(start, BITS_PER_LONG); /* 不超过 start 且最大的 BITS_PER_LONG 的倍数 */
 
	while (!tmp) { /* tmp 为 0 则搜索下一个元素 */
		start += BITS_PER_LONG;
		if (start >= nbits)
			return nbits;

		tmp = addr1[start / BITS_PER_LONG];
		if (addr2)
			tmp &= addr2[start / BITS_PER_LONG];
		tmp ^= invert;
	}

	return min(start + __ffs(tmp), nbits);
}

BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start) 代码如下：

/* ((start) & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)) 相当于 start % BITS_PER_LONG */
#define BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start) (~0UL << ((start) & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)))
#define BITMAP_LAST_WORD_MASK(nbits) (~0UL >> (-(nbits) & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)))

round_down 代码如下：

/*
 * This looks more complex than it should be. But we need to
 * get the type for the ~ right in round_down (it needs to be
 * as wide as the result!), and we want to evaluate the macro
 * arguments just once each.
 */
#define __round_mask(x, y) ((__typeof__(x))((y)-1))
/**
 * round_up - round up to next specified power of 2
 * @x: the value to round
 * @y: multiple to round up to (must be a power of 2)
 *
 * Rounds @x up to next multiple of @y (which must be a power of 2).
 * To perform arbitrary rounding up, use roundup() below.
 */
#define round_up(x, y) ((((x)-1) | __round_mask(x, y))+1)
/**
 * round_down - round down to next specified power of 2
 * @x: the value to round
 * @y: multiple to round down to (must be a power of 2)
 *
 * Rounds @x down to next multiple of @y (which must be a power of 2).
 * To perform arbitrary rounding down, use rounddown() below.
 */
#define round_down(x, y) ((x) & ~__round_mask(x, y))

内核代码使用示例如下：

#ifndef find_next_bit
/*
 * Find the next set bit in a memory region.
 */
unsigned long find_next_bit(const unsigned long *addr, unsigned long size,
			    unsigned long offset)
{
	return _find_next_bit(addr, NULL, size, offset, 0UL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_next_bit);
#endif

#ifndef find_next_zero_bit
unsigned long find_next_zero_bit(const unsigned long *addr, unsigned long size,
				 unsigned long offset)
{
	return _find_next_bit(addr, NULL, size, offset, ~0UL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_next_zero_bit);
#endif

#if !defined(find_next_and_bit)
unsigned long find_next_and_bit(const unsigned long *addr1,
		const unsigned long *addr2, unsigned long size,
		unsigned long offset)
{
	return _find_next_bit(addr1, addr2, size, offset, 0UL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_next_and_bit);
#endif