Spring4-使用 JdbcTemplate和JdbcDaoSupport

使用 JdbcTemplate和JdbcDaoSupport

使用 JdbcTemplate

• JdbcTemplate简介

  • 

• 使用 JdbcTemplate更新数据库

  • 

  • /**
    	 * 执行批量更新: 批量的 INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
    	 * 最后一个参数是 Object[] 的 List 类型: 因为修改一条记录需要一个 Object 的数组, 那么多条不就需要多个 Object 的数组吗
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testBatchUpdate(){
    		String sql = "INSERT INTO employees(last_name, email, dept_id) VALUES(?,?,?)";
    		
    		List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<>();
    		
    		batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"AA", "aa@atguigu.com", 1});
    		batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"BB", "bb@atguigu.com", 2});
    		batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"CC", "cc@atguigu.com", 3});
    		batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"DD", "dd@atguigu.com", 3});
    		batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"EE", "ee@atguigu.com", 2});
    		
    		jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
    	}
    

• 使用 JdbcTemplate查询数据库

  • 

    获取单个对象

    /**
    	 * 从数据库中获取一条记录, 实际得到对应的一个对象
    	 * 注意不是调用 queryForObject(String sql, Class<Employee> requiredType, Object... args) 方法!
    	 * 而需要调用 queryForObject(String sql, RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper, Object... args)
    	 * 1. 其中的 RowMapper 指定如何去映射结果集的行, 常用的实现类为 BeanPropertyRowMapper
    	 * 2. 使用 SQL 中列的别名完成列名和类的属性名的映射. 例如 last_name lastName
    	 * 3. 不支持级联属性. JdbcTemplate 到底是一个 JDBC 的小工具, 而不是 ORM 框架
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testQueryForObject(){
    		String sql = "SELECT id, last_name lastName, email, dept_id as \"department.id\" FROM employees WHERE id = ?";
    		RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
    		Employee employee = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, 1);
    		
    		System.out.println(employee);
    	}
    

    获取多个对象

    /**
    	 * 查到实体类的集合
    	 * 注意调用的不是 queryForList 方法
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testQueryForList(){
    		String sql = "SELECT id, last_name lastName, email FROM employees WHERE id > ?";
    		RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
    		List<Employee> employees = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, rowMapper,5);
    		
    		System.out.println(employees);
    	}
    

  • 

    获取单个列的值

    /**
    	 * 获取单个列的值, 或做统计查询
    	 * 使用 queryForObject(String sql, Class<Long> requiredType) 
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testQueryForObject2(){
    		String sql = "SELECT count(id) FROM employees";
    		long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Long.class);
    		
    		System.out.println(count);
    	}
    

• JdbcTemplate使用

  • Employee类中

    • public class Employee {
      	
      	private Integer id;
      	private String lastName;
      	private String email;
      	
      	private Integer dpetId;
      
      	public Integer getId() {
      		return id;
      	}
      	
      	public void setId(Integer id) {
      		this.id = id;
      	}
      	
      	public String getLastName() {
      		return lastName;
      	}
      	
      	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
      		this.lastName = lastName;
      	}
      	
      	public String getEmail() {
      		return email;
      	}
      	
      	public void setEmail(String email) {
      		this.email = email;
      	}
      	
      	public Integer getDpetId() {
      		return dpetId;
      	}
      	
      	public void setDpetId(Integer dpetId) {
      		this.dpetId = dpetId;
      	}
      	
      	@Override
      	public String toString() {
      		return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
      				+ email + ", dpetId=" + dpetId + "]";
      	}
      }
      

  • EmployeeDao类中

    • import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
      import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
      @Repository
      public class EmployeeDao {
      	
      	@Autowired
      	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
      	
      	public Employee get(Integer id){
      		String sql = "SELECT id, last_name lastName, email FROM employees WHERE id = ?";
      		RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
      		Employee employee = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id);
      		
      		return employee;
      	}
      }
      

  • 测试

    • @Test
      	public void testEmployeeDao(){
      		System.out.println(employeeDao.get(1));
      	}
      

---

jdbcDaoSupport

• 简化 JDBC 模板查询

  • 

• 注入 JDBC 模板示例代码

  • 

• 实验代码

  • DepartmentDao类中

    • import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
      import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
      import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
      
      /**
       * 不推荐使用 JdbcDaoSupport, 而推荐直接使用 JdbcTempate 作为 Dao 类的成员变量
       */
      @Repository
      public class DepartmentDao extends JdbcDaoSupport{
      
      	@Autowired
      	public void setDataSource2(DataSource dataSource){
      		setDataSource(dataSource);
      	}
      
      	public Department get(Integer id){
      		String sql = "SELECT id, dept_name name FROM departments WHERE id = ?";
      		RowMapper<Department> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Department.class);
      		return getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, id);
      	}
      	
      }
      

  • Department类中

    • public class Department {
      
      	private Integer id;
      	private String name;
      
      	public Integer getId() {
      		return id;
      	}
      
      	public void setId(Integer id) {
      		this.id = id;
      	}
      
      	public String getName() {
      		return name;
      	}
      
      	public void setName(String name) {
      		this.name = name;
      	}
      
      	@Override
      	public String toString() {
      		return "Department [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
      	}
      
      }
      

  • 测试

    • @Test
      	public void testDepartmentDao(){
      		System.out.println(departmentDao.get(1));
      	}
      

---

在 JDBC 模板中使用具名参数–对付参数过多的情况

• 

• 

• Map-update

  • /**
    	 * 可以为参数起名字. 
    	 * 1. 好处: 若有多个参数, 则不用再去对应位置, 直接对应参数名, 便于维护
    	 * 2. 缺点: 较为麻烦. 
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testNamedParameterJdbcTemplate(){                   //以前是VALUES(?,?,?);        
    		String sql = "INSERT INTO employees(last_name, email, dept_id) VALUES(:ln,:email,:deptid)";
    		
    		Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
    		paramMap.put("ln", "FF");
    		paramMap.put("email", "ff@atguigu.com");
    		paramMap.put("deptid", 2);
    		
    		namedParameterJdbcTemplate.update(sql, paramMap);
    	}
    

• SqlParameterSource-update

  • /**
    	 * 使用具名参数时, 可以使用 update(String sql, SqlParameterSource paramSource) 方法进行更新操作
    	 * 1. SQL 语句中的参数名和类的属性一致!
    	 * 2. 使用 SqlParameterSource 的 BeanPropertySqlParameterSource 实现类作为参数. 
    	 */
    	@Test
    	public void testNamedParameterJdbcTemplate2(){
    		String sql = "INSERT INTO employees(last_name, email, dept_id) "
    				+ "VALUES(:lastName,:email,:dpetId)";
    		
    		Employee employee = new Employee();
    		employee.setLastName("XYZ");
    		employee.setEmail("xyz@sina.com");
    		employee.setDpetId(3);
    		
    		SqlParameterSource paramSource = new BeanPropertySqlParameterSource(employee);
    		namedParameterJdbcTemplate.update(sql, paramSource);
    	}
    

上述代码所用的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring"/>
	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> 
	<!-- 配置C3P0 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" 
		class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initialPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPollSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置Spring的JdbcTemplate -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" id="jdbcTemplate">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
</beans>